Gịnị a na-akpọ iju na Russian asụsụ? Declination nke nouns

Ọtụtụ n'ime anyị ka na-echeta site na ụlọ akwụkwọ a na-akpọ declination. Ma mụta nwa niile nuances metụtara ya, ga-ike nke na-abụghị maka mmadụ nile. Ma ihe ọmụma nke iwu metụtara declination nke nouns, agaghị eme ka anyị na mkpoputa na njehie na-eme n'ọdịnihu.

Gịnị bụ declination

Fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụla nọọrọ onwe ha akụkụ nke okwu (ma e wezụga adverbs na gerunds) nwere ike ịdị iche dị ka ha iwu. Ngwaa, mgbanwe site onye na nọmba, na-conjugated, ya bụ, akụkụ nke okwu na-achọ. Gịnị ka nke a pụtara? Declination okwu - bụ ikike nke nouns, adjectives, numerals na participles ịdị iche iche na:

1. Nkume (nwoke, n'etiti, nwanyị, ma e wezụga n'ihi ha. N.).
2. Ọnụ Ọgụgụ (erikwa na otutu).
3. Ileba.

Ọtụtụ ndị maara a set nke Russian iwu "Grammar-80" ọzọ akọwa, a na-akpọ declination. Ọ obụp akọwa ya dị ka a mgbanwe ke klas nke okwu na ikpe. Ụfọdụ n'ime okwu ndị nso na ihe a na-akpọ declination, onye ọ bụla bụ free ịhọrọ onwe ya.

Affixes nouns

Dabere na mkpebi siri ike nke na-adakpọ na Russian asụsụ, anyị kwesịrị icheta na ndị dị otú ahụ a ikpe. Ha na-akpọ okwu ụdị, na-ejikọ ọ bụla noun na okwu nke n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ikwu okwu. Ileba na-egosi otú ọ dabara ọnụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke okwu.

N'ihi na a ogologo oge ikpe usoro a isiokwu ịgbanwe. Na oge ochie asụsụ isii agukọta, dị ka anyị oge, na-asa na ikpe. Ọzọ a na-akpọ vocative. Ka ụbọchị, ọ na-e kagburu, ma ugbu a ha na-ekpe 6.

• Nominative. A pụrụ iche ikpe, ebe ọ bụ nanị na ọ na-akpọ kpọmkwem (onye?), Ndị fọdụrụ - anọ. N'ụdị ya. na mpe mpe akwa. na-ekwu okwu na-na ahịrịokwu. Ọzọ nke ya atụmatụ: ọ bụ na-amalite ụdị maka elu ọnụ akụkụ nke okwu.
• Genitive. Nke a na ụdị azịza ajụjụ Ònye? Gịnị? Iji zere mgbagwoju anya na a dị iche iche, ọ bụ omume na-ịnọchi anya inyeaka okwu na "ọ dịghị": pusi - ya. n (dịghị) cat - mụrụ. n.
• Dative. Nke a ikpe a na otú aha ya bụ n'ihi na ọ na-aza ajụjụ ndị Ònye? Gịnị? Declination okwu ga-adị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ịnọchi anya na okwu bụ "na-enye": cat - ụbọchị. n.
• Nnara. A controversial ụdị. Ọ nwere a yiri ajụjụ na nominative bụrụ na nke na-adịghị ndụ akpọkwa - Gịnị? Otú ọ dị, na mmekọrita ndụ ịjụ Ònye? Okwu "ụta" na-adịkwa ka scanned ha. . Aha, ga-enyere gị aka icheta iwu nke declination (na-ata ụta) cat - akatabi okop. n.
• Ablative. A pụrụ iche ikpe. Onye na-aza ajụjụ? Gịnị? Nkwenye okwu maka ya - "ike": cat - tv. na mpe mpe akwa.
• Prepositional. Etolite, na-aza ajụjụ banyere? Banyere ihe? Maka mfe n'isi ịnọchi anya na okwu bụ "na-eche": pusi - prop. n.

nọmba

Anyị chetara a ikpe usoro, nke a na-amụ Russian asụsụ. Declination bụkwa adabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ige. Ha na anyị asụsụ, na abụọ - erikwa na otutu. Fọrọ nke nta niile nouns abụọ iche-iche. Ma, dị ka ọ bụla na-achị, e nwere wezụga. Okwu ụfọdụ na-eji naanị na a otu ụdị. Otu ihe atụ nke ndị nwere naanị otu nọmba: anyanwụ (ọma, ọ bụ ihe ezi uche, ọ dị otu oyiri), mmiri ara ehi, nwa ehi, okporo ụzọ (ọ bụ asụsụ ala ọzọ).

Ma Russian asụsụ bụ otú dịgasị iche iche na o nwere ya kpụrụ nke okwu na-eji nanị ke idi otutu. Ihe Nlereanya: mkpa, traụza, ugogbe anya maka anwụ, ese, ndị mmadụ.

Decline na Russian asụsụ nwere ike iri ụdị nkeji. h na pl. h atụ .:

U h. pl

Ip akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ.

RP akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ.

AM akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ.

Ce akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ.

Wdg akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ.

Paras a akwụkwọ banyere akwụkwọ.

mbụ declension

declination usoro ke Russian asụsụ, dị ka anyị maara, ndị mejupụtara atọ dị iche iche. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere ya e ji mara. First declination nwere ndị na-esonụ pụrụ iche atụmatụ:

• Words, aha ụfọdụ ụmụ nwoke na-agwụcha -bụ ma ọ bụ -n: nwanne nna, nwoke, papa, Vanya.
• Nouns, nke nwekwara njedebe - na nke ma ọ bụ e ndị mmadụ na ihe nwanyị: spring, n'aka, nwanne mama Anna.
• Otu njedebe (- a / s) nke nouns na nkịtị okike (ie n'out oge ịpụta mmadụ, ma nwoke na nwanyị): crybaby, grouch, sleepyhead, akwụna.

Sample 1 declination (atụ):

Ip nwata, girl, crybaby.

RP ụmụ nwoke, ụmụ agbọghọ, crybaby.

AM nwa na-enweghị, girl, Werenu-Baby.

Ce nwata, girl, iti-nkpu-nwa.

Wdg ụmụ nwoke, ụmụ agbọghọ, crybaby.

Paras banyere otu nwa okorobịa, a girl, a Arịrịọ-Baby.

abụọ declension

Otu a dị iche na nke gara aga otu nsọtụ na ụdị Atiya. Ọ na-agụnye:

• Nouns na efu ọgwụgwụ na-metụtara ndị ikom na mbụ n'ụdị a table, a n'ogwe osisi, n'uko, di.
• di okwu. obiọma, ma na-agwụcha na - o ma ọ bụ -e: a obere ụlọ.
• Ha. noun. na endings - o ma ọ bụ - e enweghinke obu igwe, ntụpọ, oké osimiri, egbe.

Sample 2 declination:

Ip Nkuru n'onwe, obi ụtọ.

RP na table nke obi ụtọ.

AM na table nke obi ụtọ.

Ce Nkuru n'onwe, obi ụtọ.

Wdg na table nke obi ụtọ.

Paras na table, obi ụtọ.

atọ declension

Otu a nke nouns kasị pụrụ iche. Ọ na-agụnye a nwanyị okwu, na na na a efu ogwugwu: òké, oven, ndụ, eziokwu.

Anyị ga-echeta ihe dị mkpa na-achị banyere atọ declension: mgbe a okwu na-agwụ na otu nke sibilant ụda, ọ bụchaghị ikpo juu ịrịba ama (ada Night, oven). Ekwela emegharị ha na nouns nke abụọ declension-ima-ọsọ (ray ákwà mgbokwasị, onye Shunem). Ha bụ ndị nke nwoke, ya mere adịghị achọ ede juu ịrịba ama na njedebe.

Sample 3 declination:

Ip ndụ ihe.

RP ndụ ihe.

AM ndụ ihe.

Ce ndụ ihe.

Wdg ndụ ihe.

Paras banyere ndụ, ihe.

Chịkọta n'elu results, anyị nwere ike Ibe ọnụ declination nke nouns. The egosi na tebụl niile ọzọ n'ụzọ doro anya. Ịmụ ya nke ọma.

heteroclite nouns

Ugbu a anyị maara na a na-akpọ declination na ihe okwu e kenyere onye ọ bụla nke ha. Ma, ọ bụghị niile lexical Ọdịdị nke anyị asụsụ bụ isiokwu ndị a iwu. E nwere nouns, nke etinye obi gị dum na mmechi nke ma ndị mbụ na nke abụọ declination. Ha na-akpọ heteroclite.

Gịnị bụ atụmatụ nke nouns? Akpa, fọrọ nke nta niile ha agwụ na -mya: oge, aha, ibu ibu, na ndị ọzọ na stirup. Na okwu nke ụzọ na-nwe otu a.

Nke abuo, declination iwu heteroclite nouns ndị dị otú ahụ na ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbanwe okwu on ikpe nke ụdị nile bụ suffix - ene (ma e wezụga Ip na VP): The oge ahụ, stirup, mkpụrụ.

Nke atọ, adalata ndị a, anyị nwere ike na-achọpụta na na genitive, dative na prepositional ha were ọgwụgwụ - na SCR 3, ma na instrumental agwụcha -em pụtara dị 2nd declension ..

I.p aha, ụzọ.

RP aha, ụzọ.

AM aha, ụzọ.

Ce aha, ụzọ.

Wdg na aha ya pụtara.

Paras na nnọchite nke ụzọ.

indeclinable nouns

Okwu anyị na-ngwa ngwa emelitere na okwu ọhụrụ nke ndị mba ọzọ si malite. Ha nwere declension forms na Russian asụsụ, ya mere a na-akpọ indeclinable.

Iji otu a iso:

• Mba ọzọ okwu na bịara anyị site n'asụsụ ọzọ na -o, -e, s - y: uwe fillets, Sochi, kangaroos. N'ọnọdụ nile, ha ga-enwe otu udi, ka ha na-adakpọ dịghị nnọọ uche. (Gaa na uwe, na-kangaroos, gaa Sochi.)
• Surnames agwụcha ke ko, -ago, -s: Yurchenko, Zhivago, White. (N'ịbụ a guest Kozarenko, abịa Red.)
• Words kpụrụ site n'ụzọ nke afo: USSR PBX.

onye endings

Na nke a na isiokwu na-ejikọrọ na ezi mkpoputa nke akwụkwọ ozi na e na njedebe nke nouns. Idebe iwu nke declension, anyị na-enwe ike mata na ọgwụgwụ bụ, dee na a okwu ole na ole:

1. First declension (ma e wezụga n'ihi na a ụdị n ..) Iji osimiri (dat.p.), a na nne (pr.p.), isiokwu (dat.p.).
2. Nke abụọ declension: a doo (pr.p.) nke oké osimiri (pr.p.)

Ná ngwụsị nke ozi dee, ma ọ bụrụ na okwu bụ:

1. Nke atọ declension: na steppe (pr.p.) na n'abalị (dat.p.)
2. First SQL., Na-eri-enye nwa. erikwa: osimiri.
3. Na okwu agwụcha ke s, s, IA: na planetarium, maka mbak nke ihe omume.
4. Anyị na-heteroclite nouns dee: na a ụzọ, banyere oge.

ọgwụgwụ

Mgbe na-agụ ndị a dị mfe iwu, ị ga-amarakwa ihe na-akpọ declination. Ekwela emegharị ya na inflection akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ikwu okwu, dị ka conjugation nke ngwaa.

Ịmụ ya dị mkpa iji jide n'aka, n'ihi na nke usoro iwu ihe ọmụma na-adabere na anyị bara uru mmuta. N'isiokwu a anyị nwere ike ise na-esonụ mmechi

• Nouns ịgbanwe bụghị naanị na ikpe ma na nọmba.
• Ma, ọ bụ uru na-echeta na ọ bụghị okwu niile nke akụkụ a nke okwu nyere ige. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike ghara ọbụna dabere (indeclinable) na-adịghị na a ọnụọgụ ụdị (naanị otutu ma ọ bụ erikwa).
• Onye ọ bụla nke declination bụ dị iche iche, ya mere na ị ga na-amụ ha nke ọma. Anyị zoro aka n'ihe atụ nke declination nke nouns (lee table).
• Personal endings na-enweghị ihe olu okwu, uko irubere iwu ụfọdụ. Dabere na declination na enwe ga-ede akwụkwọ ozi ma ọ bụ e, ma ọ bụ ha abụọ. Nke a isiokwu - otu n'ime ndị kasị sie ike na N'ezie nke na-amụ nouns.