Gịnị bụ ígwè? Gịnị bụ ya ọrụ?

Na ụmụ mmadụ, e nwere a usoro nke glands, onye ọrụ bụ maka huu kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ niile esịtidem akụkụ. Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, nke a echiche na-akpọ "endocrine usoro." Anyị na-anụ banyere ya, ma ọtụtụ n'ime anyị nwere obere ma ọ bụ ọ echiche nke dị mkpa Njirimara nke endocrine glands.

Endocrine mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị ugbu ofụri idem. Ha na-regulators nke hormone mmepụta. A ụfọdụ akụkụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ nke endocrine usoro bụ idem ke guzobere glandular ngwa. Endocrine glands enye mmepụta na nnyefe nke homonụ ozugbo na cell ozu na usoro ọbara ji erugharị.

iche glands

Ahụ mmadụ e mere iche. Onye ọ bụla ngwa nwere a kpọmkwem ọrụ: afo digests nri, ìhè-eme ka ahụ na oxygen, wdg Gịnị bụ ígwè, ọtụtụ ndị na-apụghị ịkọwa. Ọ bụ ngwa na-arụpụta ihe n'ọrụ umi, dị iche iche na ha chemical mejupụtara.

Na ahụ mmadụ na e nwere abụọ glands usoro:

• Endocrine mejupụtara ductless glands.
• Exocrine - of exocrine glands.

ọrụ

Endocrine usoro - bụ a mgbagwoju onwe-inye iwu usoro. Gịnị bụ ya mma na ihe na ọrụ ya rụrụ, na-agbalị ịghọta.

• Esịtidem secretion arụpụta ukpụhọde nke akụkụ na usoro.
• -Emetụta akparamàgwà mmadụ obi ala na-adabere na endocrine usoro.
• Reproductive ọrụ bụ kpọmkwem dabere na mmiri ọgwụ na-etoju.
• Endocrine glands na-ifịk ke iche iche Jeremaya mere, synthesizing ụfọdụ bekee.
• Na mmiri ọgwụ ọnọdụ nke dabere mmepe na mmadụ ibu.
• N'ihi na endocrine usoro ana achi achi nkwụsi ike nke dị mkpa Filiks, ọgụ na-eme. Man na-aghọ eguzogide gburugburu ebe obibi mgbanwe.

Na ọrịa dị iche iche gland ọrụ pụrụ ịdị mkpa ka usoro, otú dọkịta dị ka ọgwụ na-eji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na aka weghachi mmiri ọgwụ itule.

The endocrine usoro bụ nnọọ na-emebi emebi, mgbe ya na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ghara ịdị site na ụfọdụ ihe:

• Ụjọ nchegbu na nrụgide.
• High ndabere radieshon.
• A siri nri.
• Enweghị ayodiin ke idem.
• N'ebe kemịkal.

Gịnị bụ homonụ?

Gịnị bụ ígwè, anyị ugbua si mesoo. Ugbu a na-agbalị ịchọta atụmatụ emepụta site ya ngwaahịa. Ukwuu-arụ ọrụ bekee na-emepụta site glands na-akpọ homonụ. Ha na-emetụta kpọmkwem na akụkụ na aru na usoro. Ma ha mmetụta kpọmkwem dị ka ọ na-eduzi na otu ebe nke metabolic n'ibu.

E nwere atọ iche iche nke homonụ na ndị dị iche iche chemical Ọdịdị:

• Steroid - a abụba-ka umi. Ndị a homonụ na-emepụta site na adrenal cortex na gonads.
• Peptides na-edozi. Ndị a iche nke homonụ na-agụnye insulin na bekee na-emepụta site na pituitary gland.
• Amino asịd. Nke a na-agụnye epinephrine na thyroxine.

Homonụ pụrụ imetụta siri nke metabolic n'ibu. Ha na-ahụ maka mmalite nke mmalite oge uto, anụ ahụ iche na uto.

The ọrụ nke pituitary gland na endocrine usoro

Gịnị bụ pituitary gland? Gịnị bụ ọrụ ya rụrụ? Ebe bụ ozu? The endocrine usoro, otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa bụ pituitary gland. Nke a ahu - ụbụrụ abụba. Ọ na-emi odude ke ukot nke ụbụrụ (n'etiti akụkụ). Pituitary ejikọrọ na hypothalamus pụrụ iche ụkwụ. gland uka bụ nnọọ obere - 0,5 g

The pituitary gland na-arụpụta na synthesizes homonụ dị ka:

• Gonadotropin utịp ke ọrụ nke mmekọahụ glands na-akpali mmepụta nke homonụ na ha.
• Corticotropin bụ maka mmepụta nke homonụ site adrenal cortex.
• Tikọta - HGH.
• Thyrotropin-eme dị ka a regulator nke thyroid.
• Prolactin achịkwakwa lactation na ọmụmụ na nwanyi.
• Oxytocin akpali mkpi nke ezigbo muscle akụkụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka eriri afọ ya, pancreas na eriri afo, akpanwa.
• Vasopressin ebelata mmamịrị maka vasoconstriction.

Gịnị bụ ihe endocrine gland, anyị na-aghọta. Ugbu a ọ dị mkpa ịmata ihe ndị ọzọ endocrine akụkụ bụ na ahụ mmadụ.

ọzọ glands

The thyroid gland - a ahu onye ibu bụ mkpokọta site 16 ruo 23, ọ na-arụpụta homonụ nwere ayodiin: thyroxine, calcitonin, triiodothyronine. Mgbe Abuse aru oru nwere ike myxedema ọrịa na-egosipụta dị ka mucosal edema. Na ụmụ mmadụ, ọrịa na-enwe ndị a mgbaàmà:

• metabolic umuihe Filiks;
• ẹsụhọde nke okpomọkụ;
• onye na-adịghị obi otiti;
• ibu ibu;
• lethargy;
• puffiness na nkụ nke anụ.

Nke a na ọrịa na-adị mgbe a enweghị ayodiin, ma ọ bụ na a ọnụ ke ọrụ nke gland onwe ya.

Ụfọdụ na thyroid gland na ụmụaka na-akpalite mmepe nke ọrịa ndị dị ka cretinism. Ọ na-akpata mgbaka na a na-egbu oge na anụ ahụ mmepe.

Tụlee nke-emepụta homonụ ọzọ glands nke endocrine usoro:

• Pancreas akọ a mbuaha ụdị, dị ka vneshnesekretnuyu anamde a ọrụ (nhọrọ pancreatic ihe ọṅụṅụ cleavage nri) na vnutrisekretnuyu (emeputakwa homonụ dị ka insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, vasoactive nsia polypeptide).
• Adrenal glands - ahụ na-atanyekwa homonụ nke ụbụrụ na adrenal cortex: dopamine, adrenaline, aldosterone, cortisol, wdg Ụfọdụ na prostate pụrụ ịkpalite mmepe nke Addison (ọla) ọrịa.

• The thymus gland arụpụta thymosin - na hormone maka usoro nke ibu na ọgụ. Itinye Aka na guzobe lymphocytes.
• Parathyroid glands emepụta parathyroid hormone, nke a na-njikọ nke calcium na site.
• Sex glands bụ mbuaha ụdị. Endocrine ọrụ - mmepụta nke mmekọahụ homonụ: estrogen, androgen na progesterone. Exocrine ọrụ - guzobere na mwepu nke nwoke na nwaanyị gametes (spam na egg).

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-aza ajụjụ ahụ, ihe bụ ígwè, na-enyocha ya ọrụ na ahụ mmadụ.