Gịnị zara ajụjụ ndị affixes? Ajụjụ instrumental ikpe. ajụjụ prepositional

N'ihi coherent okwu na Russian asụsụ otu okwu nwere ike ji mee ụdị dị iche iche, ọ pụrụ ịbụ erikwa ma ọ bụ otutu, nwanyị, oke ma ọ bụ enweghinke obu, nakwa dị ka na mgbanwe nke declination endings. Na a karịsịa ọrụ dị mkpa na-ewu nke ezi okwu egwu ya affixes na show syntactic ọrụ na mmekọrịta nke okwu a ikpe. Declination gụrụ nouns, adjectives, nnọchiaha na n'ọnụ ọgụgụ. Na-amụ Russian asụsụ dị ezigbo mkpa ịmụta ịmata ikpe forms nke akụkụ nke okwu ọnụ, na iji mara ihe ajụjụ na-zara site ikpe.

Isi affixes Russian asụsụ

Ileba usoro nke Russian asụsụ bụ nnọọ mfe ịmụta ihe, ma a ole na ole ndị o nwere. Ya mere, na usoro ọmụmụ ụlọ akwụkwọ a isiokwu e nyere a nnukwu oge. Ihe mbụ umu maara, ihe zara ajụjụ ndị na affixes ka ha na-akpọ. Ige nti ụmụ akwụkwọ, dị ka a na-achị, bụ naanị isii isi otiti, mgbe n'ezie na e nwere ọtụtụ ihe, ma n'ihi ndị nso myirịta nke umu gharazie ịba uru ikpe forms jikọtara na isi. Ọ bụ ezie na n'oge a n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na ka na-arụrịta ụka.

nominative

Nominative abbreviated Ha dere. n Ajụjụ nominative -. onye? ihe? N'ihi na ihe niile akụkụ nke okwu, dị a ụdị okwu bụ mmalite na ike a isiokwu aha, a onye ma ọ bụ a eke onu, dị ka ikpe mgbe niile na-egosi dị ka isiokwu. Dị ka ihe atụ:

The girl wee si nke ụlọ; The anyanwụ na n'elu mmiri.

Ọzọkwa na nominative ikpe nwere ike predicative. Dị ka ihe atụ:

Nikita - nwa m; Alexander - Director.

Dị ka ọ bụ mgbe niile isi okwu na nominative otu-mejupụtara amụma na njikwa. Dị ka ihe atụ:

Schumi, Schumi, okpete; A bụ otu ihe ulo ochie.

genitive

Jiri genitive nwere ike mgbe ngwaa na mgbe aha. Okwu na a ojuju zaa ajụjụ onye ọ bụla? ihe? Dere ná ndebiri dere RP

Nke a na ụdị nwere a dịgasị iche iche uru okwu na syntactic ngwa. Ọnụ genitive nwere ike na-egosi isiokwu:

• mgbe ngwaa bụ na-onwunwe nke negation: ghara ibibi isi, adịghị ekwu eziokwu;
• ma ọ bụrụ na ihe anaghị iko dum isiokwu, ma naanị a akụkụ nke ya: na-aṅụ mmiri, rie ofe, ya waa nkụ.

Priimennoy genitive nwere ike na-egosi a dịgasị iche iche nke mmekọrịta:

• bụ nke onye ma ọ bụ ihe mgbe: ulo nne, nwa bebi uwe;
• àgwà nke a dum ka ọ bụla akụkụ nke: ọnụ ọgụgụ nke hotels, a osisi alaka ya;
• ọnu ma ọ bụ definition nke àgwà: na green okpu, anya mmiri nke obi ụtọ, onye nke okwu ya.

Ọ bụ ya mere maka kwesịrị ekwesị mkpebi siri ike nke ikpe forms bụ nnọọ mkpa ịmara ihe ajụjụ na-zara site ikpe.

Nouns, iji na genitive ikpe na adjectives atụnyere na-egosi na ihe ma ọ bụ onye ha na ha na tụnyere. Dị ka ihe atụ:

Natasha prettier, acha ọcha karịa snow, ngwa ngwa karịa àmụmà.

dative

Iji ghọta otú e si eji okwu na a kpọmkwem, ọ dị mkpa ịmara kpọmkwem ihe ajụjụ ndị zara affixes, ọ bụla ikpe, a ụfọdụ ụdị akpali. Ka ihe atụ, dative (onye? Gịnị?) Okwu na-enịm mgbe ngwaa, na na na a ole na ole, mgbe okwu maka ihe.

Tumadi na nominative okwu eji na-akọwa na isi isiokwu okwu nke ihe na-eduzi.

Dị ka ihe atụ:

Iji na-ekwu hello ka a na enyi, na-eyi egwu na onye-iro, nyere iwu ya nọ n'okpuru ha.

Na-abụghị onye ahịrịokwu, okwu na dative nwere ike ji mee ka a predicate. Dị ka ihe atụ:

Sasha egwu. Nwa ahụ bụ oyi. Onye ọrịa na-na-aka njọ.

nnara

Ajụjụ nnara yiri ajụjụ ndị ọzọ nke ikpe - ya bụ, na nominative na genitive. Ka ihe atụ, ka ndụ ihe bụ ihe ndị ha bụ? na ihe na-adịghị ndụ - ihe? Na ụmụ akwụkwọ na-emegharị anya ezi mgbe ikpe na nominative, otú kwesịrị ekwesị na-mata isi na ha amaghị na ọ dị mkpa ka igbunye a okwu ntọala. ọtụtụ ndị okwu na nke a n'ụdị eji na ngwaa na-egosi na ihe na nke ihe na-kpamkpam tọghatara.

Dị ka ihe atụ:

Fish, dị ọcha akpụkpọ ụkwụ, ikwa a uwe, akpọọ nkụ a achicha.

The okwu na-eguzo na nnara ikpe, nwere ike isi gosipụta na ego, oge, ohere na anya. Dị ka ihe atụ:

Dum n'oge okpomọkụ, na minit ọ bụla, ọ bụla n'afọ.

ablative

Dị nnọọ ka ndị ọzọ ikpe iche-iche, na instrumental ikpe mbipụta abụọ forms maka ndị dị ndụ na-adịghị ndụ akpọkwa. Nke a kpọmkwem ajụjụ a na-apụghị mgbagwoju anya na ndị ọzọ iche-iche. Ya mere, n'ihi na dị ndụ ya ekweghị ablative azịza ajụjụ ahụ? Dị ka ihe atụ:

Ọ na-emehe (na onye?) Ma Oksana (na onye?) Site nne ya.

N'ihi na-adịghị ndụ ablative azịza ajụjụ ihe? Dị ka ihe atụ:

Nri (ihe?) Bread, mmiri (ihe?) Mmiri.

A, nke a n'ụdị okwu a na-eji na Nchikota na ngwaa, a na-akpachi anya na aha.

Otú ahụ ikpe ụdị okwu na ngwaa eme ihe mgbe nile dị ka a ụgbọala, na implements omume nwere ike n'ụzọ ma ọ bụ mode nke ihe, na-enwe a oge bara uru, ohere, ohere, na nke onye ihe e mere. Dị ka ihe atụ:

Uda nke nkịta (ihe?) Stick.

Agadi nwoke nādabere na (ihe?) Hand.

The ụzọ duru (ihe?) Forest.

Ifo nke "Oh Olee otú Ọ Agbawa", "mgbagwoju anya" na "ochicha" dere (site n'aka onye?) Korney Chukovsky.

Ọzọkwa, nke a ụdị nke okwu nwere ike ime na aha na nwere ndị na-esonụ pụtara. Mgbe nouns:

• egbe edinam: iti aka ya, na-eleghara;
• omee: home nche nche, ngwongwo ahapụ onye nēre ere;
• ọdịnaya nke edinam: itinye aka na German asụsụ;
• attributive uru: ringlet soseji, na-abụ abụ bass.

Mgbe adjectives okwu-eji na instrumental bụrụ na uru nke kwuru na ịmachi mma. Dị ka ihe atụ:

O nwere ike uche na mara maka ya nchoputa.

prepositional

Onye nke isii na nke ikpeazụ a, nke a na-akụzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ usoro ọmụmụ - prepositional.

Ajụjụ prepositional, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ ikpe forms na-ekewa na ntụziaka nke dị ndụ na-achị (onye? N'ihi na onye?) Ma nonliving (na ihe? Gịnị?). Okwu na nominative na-mgbe na-eji na-prepositions, si ebe a na aha nke ikpe. Dabere na-asị na iwesa na-agbanwe agbanwe na uru ajụjụ prepositional mgbe wuru iji otu prepositions, nke na-eji kpọmkwem mgbe na onodu.

The ojiji nke prepositions na okwu prepositional

N'ihi na a ziri ezi mkpebi siri ike nke ikpe iche nke okwu na ha ziri ezi iji na-ekwu okwu ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ịmata otú na-ekwurịta okwu affixes na ajụjụ na prepositions na ojiji nke dị iche iche nke okwu ahịrịokwu.

Onye ọ bụla nke pretexts eji enye okwu ya pụtara:

• banyere, banyere, banyere - isiokwu nke a designation na ajụjụ: echiche nke unu;
• na, n'ime - egosi isiokwu, oge, ebe na ohere: n'etiti abalị, na a igbe, ke kpukpru otuto, na na;
• na - eji na-egosi ebe ihe dị ma ọ bụ na-eme: na table, n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè;
• mgbe - a na-eji dee nke nso ma ọ bụ na ọnụnọ nke onye bụ ihe na ajụjụ: n'agbanyeghị, n'afọ otu.

Gịnị bụ ọrụ nke ikpe, ajụjụ na prepositions

Isiokwu nke prepositions na na-eji na njikọ na dị iche iche ikpe iche nke okwu na-arụ a nnukwu ọrụ na-amụ banyere ikpe usoro nke Russian asụsụ.

Mgbe niile, na ha na-isonyere a noun, nwere ike na-ekpughe dị iche iche pụtara nke otu okwu.

ikpe	ngọpụ	uru	atụ
genitive	gburugburu, n'ihi na, n'etiti	kọwaa ohere nke ihe ma ọ bụ nke na-eme ihe na-ewe ebe	na-eje ije gburugburu ogige, Ọ si n'azụ ụlọ, guzo site a osisi
dative	na na	na-eji na-egosi nke obibia nke ihe ihe, isiokwu, ma ọ bụ na ebe mgbakọ	gaa enyi ya, aga n'okporo ụzọ
nnara	na n'ihi na, na	egosi nke jụrụ ihe na-eduzi	mmakọ n'úkwù, anya na window, tinye na tebụl
ablative	n'okpuru, n'elu, n'elu, na	Ọ nwere ike na-enwe ọtụtụ pụtara, gụnyere na-egosi na ntụziaka nke a ụfọdụ ihe, na ohere nke	feghari kwa n'elu uwa, gaa n'okpuru akwa, enyi na nne nne

Declination nke nouns, adjectives na numerals na ikpe

Otu n'ime ndị isi na isiokwu nke a na ngalaba nke Russian asụsụ bụ isiokwu: "Ọdịda na ikpe." Dị ka a N'ihi nke a gbanwee okwu gbanweenụ site enweta ọhụrụ ogwugwu, nke dị mkpa maka correctness nke ndị na-ewu nke ajụjụ. Declination eme site na-agbanwe okwu nke mere na ha na-aza ajụjụ maka nke ọ bụla. Declination nke nouns nwere ya agwa, mgbe adjectives na numerals na onodu mgbe niile na-adabere na-anwụ, bụ nke a na okwu metụtara na ha.

Declination nke nouns na adjectives

ikpe	ajụjụ	noun	ajụjụ	adjective
nominative	Ònye? ihe?	floret	ihe?	vermillion
genitive	Ònye? ihe?	ifuru	ihe?	vermilion
dative	onye? ihe?	okooko osisi	ihe?	acha uhie uhie
nnara	Ònye? ihe?	floret	ihe?	vermillion
ablative	site n'aka onye? ihe?	ifuru	otú?	acha uhie uhie
prepositional	ekwu okwu banyere? ihe?	a floret	banyere ihe?	nke-acha uhie uhie

N'ihe banyere nke declination nke numerals ajụ nwekwara nwere ike ju, maka adjective, n'ihi ya, ọ ga-adị mfe na-ojuju okwu.

Declination numerals na ikpe

ikpe	ajụjụ nke ikpe	ajụjụ onuogugu	onuogugu
nominative	Ònye? ihe?	ole? ihe?	isii abụọ asatọ asatọ asatọ
genitive	Ònye? ihe?	Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị? ihe?	isii abụọ asatọ asatọ asatọ
dative	onye? ihe?	Ole? ihe?	isii abụọ nke asatọ asatọ asatọ
nnara	Ònye? ihe?	ole? ihe?	isii abụọ asatọ asatọ asatọ
ablative	site n'aka onye? ihe?	Ole? otú?	isii dvoimi asatọ asatọ asatọ
Predlozhnyyy	ekwu okwu banyere? ihe?	banyere otú ọtụtụ? banyere ihe?	isii banyere abụọ na asatọ na asatọ na asatọ

Nzube nke usoro ọmụmụ - akụziri ụmụaka abụghị naanị n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-ekpebi ikpe iche nke okwu a nyere ikpe, ma-enwe ike iji ezi preposishion na n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-ekpughe uru nke nkwupụta ahụ. Ndị a nkà ndị dị oké mkpa maka iwuli a guru okwu. Ọ bụ ya mere okwu a na-nyere pụrụ iche anya Rada na a zuru ezu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Russian ihe na ụmụ nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị na ịmụ ihe, ma ọ dị mma idozi ihe.