Granite (nkume): àgwà na ihe onwunwe. Nkwụnye ego nke granite

Na Latin "konkiri" na-sụgharịrị dị ka "ọka". Ọ bụ a oke grained mgbawa nkume, nke e guzobere usoro nke gradual jụrụ na solidification nke magma na a zuru ezu omimi. Ke adianade do, ya si ike na metamorphism, ndị ọzọ okwu, mgbe granitisation dị iche iche udiri anumanu. Ọtụtụ mgbe otoro na arrays nke konkiri magmatic, metamorphic na weere si malite. Granite - a nkume, na ọtụtụ nkịtị na ụwa jikọrọ ọnụ.

Nyere ya àgwà, anyị nwere ike ikwu na ọ bụ a nnọọ inogide ihe onwunwe, adịru na-ewu, ọ bụ nnọọ nkịtị. Otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa e ji mara nke ìgwè na-atụle ga ya elu ike.

quality

1. Ike. Granite - nkume, nke dị iche na-eguzogide ndị abrasion, mkpakọ na esemokwu. Nke a dị nnọọ oké nkume (ya compressive ike nke 90-250 MPa).
2. Anwụ ngwa ngwa. Ezi-na-grained konkiri-amalite na-egosi mbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọdịda mgbe afọ 500, si otú ahụ ọ na-akpọ "nsinsi" nkume.
3. Iguzogide asịd na ikuku phenomena. Granite - na ọ bụ ihe kasị mma nkume mputa mma nke ụlọ.
4. Environmentally enyi na enyi. Natural radioactivity larịị nke isi nke ukwu nke granites kwekọrọ na mbụ na klas. Na ndị ọzọ okwu, ha radieshon Safety, ya mere kwesịrị ekwesị n'ihi na ụdị-ewu.
5. Mmiri na-eguzogide ọgwụ. Nke a bụkwa oké feature konkiri. Mmiri ọ fọrọ nke nta na-adịghị etinye obi ha dum. Ọ bụ ya mere nkume adabara cladding nke ụlọ, embankments na na.
6. The richness nke textures. Unpolished ike ike nkume na-amịkọrọ ìhè na-egbu maramara ka a na-enwu ebube, na-egosi ụwa na ìhè game inclusions nke mica - ji achọ ohere nke a ịnweta bụ ike ịsụgharị ihe kasị dị mgbagwoju imewe echiche.
7. A nnukwu agba palette. The kasị nkịtị ịnweta-atụle ga-isi awọ, ma na-achọta a red konkiri, oroma, pink, bluish-green, acha anụnụ anụnụ-agba ntụ.
8. Ndakọrịta na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-ọma jikọtara na metal, osisi, ceramik na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ na-eji taa ewu ụlọ ọrụ. O nwere ike "dabara" n'ime bụla n'ime ime - si àjà ihe ọṅụṅụ n'oge a na kpochapụwo.

Granites size mkpụrụ na-ekewa n'ime:

• ezi-na-grained;
• medium-;
• Ntụ.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle ezi, nkume konkiri e ji mara nke ụdị ga-adị nnọọ iche n'ebe ndị nke ọzọ. Otu a na-emegide n'ibu nchegbu ka mma. Na-arụ ọrụ, ọ na-eyi ihe uniformly mgbe ewe iwe obere ịgbawa eguzogide weathering.

Otu a bụ ndị kasị oké ọnụ na-elu-edu. Na-akwanyere ùgwù iguzogide mbibi, mmiri na-eguzogide na elu na-ike. Ntụ samples na-ji ezughi oke ọkụ na-eguzogide. Mgbe ewe iwe n'elu 600˚S ha na-amalite na ịgbawa ma na-amụba na olu. Nke bụ ya mere na mgbe ụfọdụ n'ebe obibi mgbe ọkụ pụrụ mgbe mgbe ga-hụrụ gbawara konkiri steepụ na nzọụkwụ.

N'agbanyeghị ihe ndị magburu onwe njupụta na ike, nkume na-adị mfe esichara: polished, polished na ịkpụ. Ọ nwere magburu onwe thermal conductivity, n'ihi ihe a na-etinyere heaters.

N'ezie, n'elu e ji mara na-ewere dị ka uru nke a ihe onwunwe. Ma konkiri nkume nwere ya drawbacks. Isi mwepu na-ewere ya arọ arọ, ekele nke ọ bụ otu n'ime toughest finishing ihe. Nke a mara ga-sonye na akaụntụ mgbe na-eke ịrụ.

Structural na Chemical mejupụtara

Granite - nkume, nke nwere granular crystal Ọdịdị. Atọkwu alkalis, ọgaranya silica, mgbe ígwè, magnesium na calcium nwere ole na ole.

The mejupụtara nke ịnweta ya pụtara uru:

• feldspars - 60-65%;
• quartz - 25-30%;
• gbara ọchịchịrị-acha minerals - 5-10%.

The agba nke oké nkume nke mbụ na-adabere na ọdịdị nke feldspar ugbu ke mejupụtara. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ya na agba bụ isi awọ na iche iche iche nke uhie, pink, isi awọ, acha anụnụ anụnụ, oroma, mgbe ụfọdụ, bluish-green.

Ke adianade do, guzobe nke ọchịchịrị na-acha hue emetụta mmiri. Ndị a, ndị nke oké nkume mgbe mgbe, inye ọchịchịrị na agba, na-emekarị green. Ihe atụ bụ yantsevsky konkiri.

Ma quartz bụ mgbe colorless, ya mere, na ọdịdị nke na agba na-adịghị emetụta. Na nke a, ị pụrụ mgbe ụfọdụ chọta ịnweta quartz na nwa, ọ dịkarịa ala - purplish-pink. Nnọọ obere minerals na-ahụta ka a-acha anụnụ anụnụ quartz. Kasị ornamental e ji mara - na ezi ìhè na agba ntụ aghụghọ na a-acha anụnụ anụnụ tint. Ke adianade do, ina bụ nnọọ acha anụnụ anụnụ-green na-acha uhie uhie konkiri.

anya

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, a ịnweta ọtụtụ-eji na-ewu. Nke a na-adị mfe kọwara. Granite - sedimentary nkume, nke bụ n'ụzọ zuru okè egbu maramara. The nwetara mirror elu ma na-ogologo oge na ikpe nke na-eji ihe onwunwe ke ná mgbidi.

Ọzọkwa nkume dị mfe na-arụ ọrụ, mfe inweta ụdị dị iche iche. Relief udidi nke konkiri elu pụta ìhè ụbara ụlọ, na-enye ihe na-akpali ji achọ mmetụta nke ìhè na onyinyo play.

Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ụdị nke ji achọ nkume udidi a nwetara nanị mgbe okpomọkụ omume. Nke a na-emetụta ukwuu n'ime ka ìhè na agba ntụ shades nke bụ mgbe omume fọrọ nke nta sugar-acha ọcha.

nkwụnye ego

Isi ụdị omume na-atụle batholiths. Ha na-anọchi anya a nnukwu n'usoro nke ọtụtụ hectare. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ụdị dị n'ụdị ebuka, dikes na ndị ọzọ intrusive ozu. Mgbe ụfọdụ ịnweta forms ọtụtụ tabular ozu nwetụ na sedimentary na metamorphic nkume.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere konkiri ego, nke ikpeazụ a na-hụrụ na onye ọ bụla nke na-enye. Ihu ọma, ọ na-abịa elu na ndị ebe, nke e mere ka nke oge ochie nkume, ebe, n'ihi na ozize na denudation Filiks mere mbibi nke overburden.

Ke United States, a umu hụrụ na n'ebe ugwu nke mba ahụ, tinyere Atlantic n'ụsọ oké osimiri, na ugwu nke Black Hills na obi nke Ozark Plateau. The nkume na-mined na Georgia, Wisconsin, South Dakota na Vermont.

Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ nkịtị na mba anyị. Na post-operation maka banyere 200 ego. The kasị ibu nke ha: Mokryanskoe, Malokohnovskoe, Mikashevichi.

Na ókèala nke Russia konkiri bụ ihe kasị nkịtị na Karelian-Kola region na Eastern Siberia, na Urals, na Far East na Caucasus. Taa, e nwere banyere iri ise ubi, nke na ibe na-amịpụtara ịnweta. Granite rubble na karama mined na Lake Ladoga, Onega, Arkhangelsk na Voronezh n'ógbè, na Karelian Isthmus, na Chelyabinsk na Sverdlovsk na mpaghara, Khabarovsk Krai na Primorye, na East Transbaikalia. Magburu onwe ji achọ e ji mara iche rapakivi mined ke edem edere-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba, ke adianade do, na-kpọrọ na amazanitovye iche iche nke Trans-Baikal na Ilmen n'ugwu. The set nke ubi-adịghị arụ ọrụ mgbe niile, na-akasị na gravel na rubble. Na ha, dị ka chọrọ, wepụ nkanka nke konkiri, nke ka nke mkpuchi.

E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke konkiri, ha ga-atụle n'isiokwu na n'okpuru.

Gabbro-diabase

Nke a jupụtara na nkume ugwu konkiri edo nwa agba, na obere specks nke isi awọ. Magburu onwe accumulates, na mgbe ahụ na-enye okpomọkụ ofụri uka na-ewe iwe evenly, ndị fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ umu anaghị ida quality polishing na nkà Njirimara.

Nkume a na-atụle ga-ewu ihe 1st klas. Ọ dịghị emit ọ bụla na-emerụ adịghị, ọ bụghị redioaktivu. Na nke a, na Karelian gabbro-diabase - a pụrụ iche na oké nkume guzobere, nke nwere dịghị analogues na ndị ọzọ na mpaghara nke mba anyị.

The ịnweta na-eji maka mmepụta nke ngọngọ nkume ụzọ (ngọngọ Mozis, na-emeghere blocks, curbs), n'ihi na imewe nke ime ihe dị iche iche ememe na ngwaahịa, nkenke ígwè, maka odida obodo imewe ka a n'ala nkume na-ewu. Bụ ezigbo maka n'ime ime mma na facade nke ụlọ, e nwere a akụkụ na gravel na karama-eji maka heaters na saunas na baths.

Na ụwa nke niile, e nwere ndị 3 isi nke ebe ngọngọ nkume mmịpụta:

• Ukrainian gabbro-diabase, nke dị ka usụhọde Karelian, ma dị ọnụ ala karịa site fọrọ nke nta ka ọkara. Ọ bụ ugbu a nwere a ukwuu nke ígwè adịghị, nke agbazee àgwà nke okokụre ngwaahịa, na nke a etinyere nkume image ngwa ngwa ahụ na-akwụsị.
• Australian gabbro-diabase, Karelian yiri na àgwà, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị oké ọnụ.
• Gabbro, diabase Karelian nke nwere nwa na agba, ala abrasion, elu ji achọ Njirimara, anwụ ngwa ngwa, oyi na-eguzogide, ogologo-anọgide na-eru kpataara ya.

Dabere na nke itule nke àgwà na price, na Karelian gabbro-diabase n'ozuzu elu ina. N'ihi ya, ọ bụla n'afọ iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eme. The ewu ewu nke eji Karelian ịnweta ruru ya anwụ ngwa ngwa na ike. Nkume a bụ fọrọ nke nta na-adịghị enwe na-ezighị ezi mmetụta nke gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ bụ ogologo oge retains Njirimara nke marble, na nke mbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke odida apụta naanị mgbe a na narị afọ.

"Shanxi Black" (Chinese konkiri)

Chinese konkiri - rock nwa, nke a na-ewere otu nke kasị mma n'ụwa. Ọ na-emepụta dị n'ebe ugwu China, na Shanxi n'ógbè. Ya isi uru - a ọgaranya na miri ojii na a obere ego nke inclusions. Ọ na-eji maka facades, n'ime ime mma, na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa maka dị iche iche na nzube, ncheta na ncheta.

Shoksha

Nke a ogho uhie konkiri, ego nke nke dị inweta - banyere 10 000 rubles / t mined na Republic of Karelia .. Ọ e ji nnukwu ike na anwụ ngwa ngwa. Ọkachamara na-ekwu na ngwaahịa mere nke ya maka n'elu 600 afọ, ga-atụfu ya udi. Ọ mma mausoleums, obí eze na ncheta. E dere na kanyere Eserese na Shoksha iche anya.

"Kapustinsky" konkiri

Nke a na-abụghị edo na ntụ, bilie red, na-egbuke egbuke, oke, vysokodekorativny konkiri, nke reviews-asị ya ịrịba mma. Ubi nke iji adabara imewe nke oghere, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ ụkpụrụ ụlọ akụkụ, na-ewetara ndị ọcha nke owuwu na ụlọ, na ebe di elu ụkpụrụ ụlọ expressiveness. Ji gụchara temple ebe nchekwa dị na Poklonnaya Hill, Manezhnoj ebe. Ubi ahụ bụ na Kirov mpaghara, Ukraine.

labradorite

Ọ bụ a eke nkume nke bụ ugwu-granular crystalline oké nkume. Labradorite ịpụta na magmatic ogbu. Ha tumadi iso nke plagioclase, nke bụ feldspar. Ọdịdị nke crystalline mineral. Ọ na-ekewa na-ajụ-grained na ntụ-grained nkume.

Labradorite - a ụdị anorthosite. The aha ha nwetara site na mbụ ha nkwụnye ego - na-akpọ Peninsula na Canada. Taa, na mmepụta nke eke nkume na-eme na mba ndị ọzọ, gụnyere Ukraine na Finland. Na Russia, e nwekwara nnukwu ego na ya. The mbụ ịnweta ihe owuwu ndị dị na Kievan rus - mgbe ahụ, a konkiri e ji mee nanị dị ka a n'ihu nkume, ha malitere icho mma nnukwu ụlọ.

Ihu ọma, nke a konkiri isi awọ ma ọ bụ nwa. Mafic minerals nnọọ inye nkume a mma ọchịchịrị ndo. Isi Njirimara labradorites bụ ha ntu oyi na-eguzogide na elu na-ike. Ya mere, na nkume ndị a na-kacha na-eji maka mputa mma nke ụlọ.

Ke adianade do, konkiri na-akwanyere ya ùgwù site bughi na textural Njirimara.

porphyry

Nke a Ural konkiri nwere elongated ma ọ bụ isometric inclusions, nke dị iche na size (nwere ike iru 10 sentimita) site na isi ahu. Na-emekarị na-anọchite anya orthoclase, quartz na microcline.

pegmatoid

Nke a konkiri nkume na a edo mara grit. The size nke inclusions nke feldspar na quartz - banyere 3 sentimita.

Finnish konkiri

Nke a konkiri - igneous rock na e ji mara ahazi ọtụtụ patches nke orthoclase red hue nke ise sentimita, gbara ya gburugburu a ókè-ala nke-acha anụnụ anụnụ-green ma ọ bụ isi awọ oligoclase. The ọrụ nke nnukwu nime ya sikwa nchịkọta mkpụrụ orthoclase, plagioclase, hornblende, quartz na biotite.

gneissose

Nke a Ural na-uniformly grained konkiri nkume na a ot e ji mara Ntụ-ọka ukem nghazi hornblende otu ma ọ bụ mica flakes.

pegmatitic konkiri

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ụdị a na-ewere pegmatite konkiri, esịnede muscovite, quartz na orthoclase. Ahụkarị nnọchiteanya nke ụdị - na-akpọ dere konkiri, feldspar nke na-etolite obere formations nke quartz mkpa nkpirikpi udi.

Leznikovsky konkiri

Special ike na ewu ewu na nke dị iche iche acha uhie uhie na pink-acha ọbara ọbara leznikovsky konkiri, otú aha ya bụ dị ka aha gị ubi. Ọ ga-kwuru na otú a na-akpọ ọtụtụ konkiri. Ka ihe atụ, a red nkume - Mezhdurechensk Simonov, tokovsky, Emelyanovsky, Kapustinsky. Na ebe a bụ ndị isi awọ konkiri korninsky, Pokostivske, zhezhelevsky, Sophia.

rapakivi

Ọzọ na-akpali onye bụ ụdị nke ịnweta rapakivi. Ọ bụ a porphyritic guzobere na-akwa ọdịnaya ovoids.

ọcha konkiri

Oputakwara na-acha ọcha konkiri. Gịnị nkume ya ike ịza niile otu mgbe. Echiche a bụ ihe a mkpokọta, dị ka na-acha ọcha dị ka snow-ọcha na-akpọ nkume na ndị ọzọ na mineral ìhè shades. Agba nwere ike ịdị iche iche site pearl awọ ìhè green.

ngwa

Na taa ewu konkiri ọ bụ ya mere ọtụtụ-eji na ọ ga-akpọ a n'ezie vasatail ihe onwunwe.

ime nkọwa

Cornices, window sills, rails, baseboards, countertops, mmanya n'elu, kọfị tebụl, na ogidi, balusters - elu ike, nkume ahụ ga-ekwe ka ị ịtụ ndị a na ngwaahịa si konkiri, ha ga-anọgide na-emebibeghị ruo ọtụtụ afọ.

Steepụ, ala

Granite - a ihe onwunwe na a ala ogo abrasion. Ọ bụrụ na ị ga-ewere gị na ulo na steepụ nke a nde mmadụ a afọ, hichaa ya na ogbo, ha ga-enwe ike a kacha nke 0,12 mm.

Ime na mputa finishing

Granite - ọ bụ nnọọ ergonomic ihe onwunwe nke nwere ike inye gị a nnọọ nke ọma na ọnụnọ na ụlọ.

Landscaping

Rockeries, n'elu ugwu na slide, miniature ponds, Japanese ubi, mere nke konkiri, gị na saịtị ga tinye n'echiche na naturalness.

Curbs, na-emeghere nkume pavements, nzọụkwụ

Granite a na-eji ihe ịga nke ọma n'ebe ndị ebe a nnukwu "ntachi obi" na-achọrọ. Ịnweta eguzogide chemical ofufe, n'ibu nchegbu na okpomọkụ mgbanwe, n'ihi na ya Njirimara anaghị agbanwe ọtụtụ cycles nke kefriza na thawing.

Ihu embankments

Granite na o siri ike banye mmiri, ya mere na pores nke nkume mgbe okpomọkụ nke oyi kpọnwụrụ mmiri na-kpụrụ n'ime otu ọzọ nsogbu, bụ nke pụrụ iduga mbibi nke oké nkume na guzobere cracks.

Granite pavers

The ojiji nke na-emeghere nkume nkume ọtụtụ puku afọ. Dị ka ndị Rom oge ochie ma ama cobbled ụzọ na taa, ị nwere ike na-eje ije; Street emeghere nkume nwere ike dị na ihe ochie akụkụ nke ọ bụla European isi obodo; n'ụwa taa, mgbe nhazi nke konkiri si nna-ukwu adịghị akpata ihe ọ bụla ike, nkume okporo ụzọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie ihe na-agbanye.

Magic Njirimara

O nwere ike iyi na akpa ilekiri, na konkiri, photos nke na-e kwuru n'isiokwu a, adịghị nwere ụfọdụ kpokọtara Njirimara, dị ka oge a na ụlọ na ụlọ ya na ọtụtụ-eji ihe ịchọ mma, ya mere na-eburu naanị aesthetic akụrụngwa. Ma, e nwere na-egosi na nke a ịnweta bụ ike ime ka a mma ndụ mmadụ.

Granite wuru na ochie bath. Ọ mgbe ọcha ebe nke otu onye nwere ike zuru ike. Ebe a bụ ajụjụ ọ bụghị nanị banyere ndị mma na mkpuchi nkume, ma na ịnweta nwere ike ichebe ogige na onye na-adịghị mma ume.

E nwere ama nkebi ahịrịokwu bụ: "atapịa konkiri sayensị". Na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ o wee na-enweghị ohere. Granite (ụfọdụ nkume a pụtara, dịghị mkpa) nwere Njirimara na-akpali nkà nkwurịta okwu na iche echiche arụmọrụ.

Red Granite onye na-enyere chọta ibe nghọta na ụwa, enwekwu ya nsinammuo, na ya onye nwe ya na-eme ka ọ na ihe na-anabata na mgbanwe.

ọgwụ Njirimara

Granite, nke picture nwere ike dị na a nyochaa, a iche iche sara mbara nke ọgwụ Njirimara nke nwere ike ikwado dị iche iche dị oké njọ nke ọrịa. Otu n'ime ha - oyi baa, ụkwara ume ọkụ, ọrịa obi, bronchitis.

Stone maka oyi enyere Lower okpomọkụ, nwere mmetụta dị mma n'ebe ọkpụkpụ azụ na nkwonkwo, mgbe e nwere nsogbu na ha.

mascot

Granite - Nke a bụ ihe kasị mma mascot maka ndị jiri ndụ ha na sayensị ma ọ bụ pedagogy. Ịnweta si amụcha nsinammuo, enhances ebe nchekwa ma na-amalite ò echiche na na. N.

Ngwaahịa si a konkiri nwere ike ịbụ zuru okè emere ọtụmọkpọ maka ndị nkuzi na ndị nkụzi, ha na-enwe ike inyere ịchọta ụzọ isi ike ma na ihe siri ike ụmụ akwụkwọ, nakwa dị ka ime ka ha na ịtụkwasị obi.

Granite - a ịnweta na-adabere n'ihe ụfọdụ nti ike, nke na-adịghị imerụ onye ọ bụla, n'ihi ya, ọ na-ekwesịghị-atụ egwu.

Granite: reviews

N'ihi na konkiri bụ nnọọ ewu ewu na-ewu, ebe, na mberede, e ji mee ihe ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, reviews nke ọ ga-abụ ihe siri ike ịchọta. Fọrọ nke nta niile nwere obibi nke a dị ịrịba ama na ihe onwunwe, na-akwanyere ùgwù ya elu ike na ịrụ ezi ọrụ. Ọzọ frightens ya na-eri. Ma na nke a ọ dị mkpa iji gaa na akaụntụ ahụ dị iche iche nke minerals nwere ike dị iche iche price. N'ihi ya, i nwere ike mgbe niile na-ahọrọ nri nhọrọ bụ n'ihi na ị.