History, karịsịa nke Tianwan NPP

The nsogbu nke oriri ike n'ụwa taa bụ nnọọ nnukwu. Non-mmeghari ego, nke na-omenala mee iji nye ndị bi na ọkụ eletrik, na-amanye ọtụtụ ndị ọchịchị na-eche banyere ọzọ ume na isi mmalite. Otú ọ dị, na enweghị mmepe nke nkà na ụzụ, a dịgasị iche iche nke ihu igwe na ala ọnọdụ eme ka o kwe eji ike nke ìhè anyanwụ, mmiri na ifufe bụghị niile n'ógbè. Ọ bụ ya mere na ọbụna mgbe ọtụtụ oké njọ ihe mberede na ụba ọha enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke "udo atọm" nuklia ike ka na-anọgide otu n'ime ndị kasị ekwe ebe nke development.

Nuclear ume Republic of China

Atomic Energy nke China na a jụụ na oge na-anọchi anya iri atọ na isii ngwa agha, mere ndokwa na iri na anọ na nuklia ike osisi. Atụmatụ iwuru ọzọ iri atọ na otu ike unit, iri na abụọ n'ime ha bụ ndị na-ama na mmejuputa ogbo nke oru ngo.

Kasị nuclear ike osisi (gụnyere Tianwan nuclear ike osisi, nke bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị pụrụ ịdabere na ala) na-emi odude na n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Nke a orunótu enye ohere iji ihe oké osimiri mmiri maka kpọmkwem jụrụ. All adabara saịtị nso oké osimiri mmiri na isi mmalite ugbua ẹkenịm maka n'ihu na-ewu nke ọhụrụ ike nkeji.

Ke ofụri ofụri, n'ọrụ mmepe nke nuclear ike na China na-iji na rụọ na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ na steeti. Ngwa ngwa na-eto eto na aku na uba na n'oge gara aga nyere site coal ike osisi, nke emit nnọọ pollutants karịa a mma-arụ ọrụ osisi. N'ihi ya, ikuku na obodo a na-emetọ, na dị ka a dum na okwu nke gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ doo nnọọ ka e chọrọ.

China imekọ ihe ọnụ, na Russian Federation na ubi nke nuclear ume

Kasị nke ngwa agha na ókèala ndị mmadụ Republic of China na-adịghị wuru na-enweghị Russia si òkè. Ọ dịghị ma e wezụga, na-ewu nke Tianwan nuclear ike osisi (ike osisi, site ụzọ, bụ ndị kasị ibu ihe nke Russian-Chinese imekọ ihe ọnụ). Promotion mụụrụ nkebi nke drafting ike ụlọ ọrụ, ahụ n'ezie na-ewu nkeji, ọkọnọ nke ụlọ ihe, ngwá, staffing na ọzụzụ nke na-ewu nke Chinese ọrụ. The iji akwụkwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ "Rosatom" ẹkụre oru nke Chinese mmekọ, China, n'aka nke ya, na-ewusi ya edidu ke Russian ahịa: Eastern mmekọ bụ ejiri nke mbak nke "Yamal LNG" na "Sibur".

Location nke nuclear ike osisi

Tianwan NPP (China) emi odude nso eponymous obodo na n'igbere mmiri na Yellow Sea. The obodo na-akpọ obodo, nke dị ihe dị iri atọ kilomita site n'obodo Lianyungang, a obere azu obodo, n'ezie, ndị mepere emepe na district nke a obere obere karịa nde ise bi na ya. The ebe Lianyungang - na asaa na ọkara square kilomita.

The foto n'elu na-egosi site na ọnọdụ nke Tianwan nuclear ike osisi na China map.

Ọgụgụ oge nke oru ngo

Construction nke a nuclear ike osisi nso "azu obodo" Lianyungang malitere (ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere mmalite nke imekọ ihe ọnụ) na 1992. Mgbe ahụ n'etiti engineering ụlọ ọrụ "Atomstroyexport" bụ ngo, ndị ọchịchị nke Ndị mmadụ Republic of China na Russian Federation bịanyere aka nkwekọrịta na imekọ ihe ọnụ. The nkwekọrịta-enye maka drafting nke Tianwan nuklia ike osisi, na ọkọnọ nke dị mkpa na ngwá na ihe, echichi ọrụ, iwebata nuclear ike osisi ime ihe na ọzụzụ nke pesonel na-eme n'ọdịnihu nke ọrụ ike owuwu.

N'ezie, igba egbe nke mbụ unit nke Tianwan ike osisi ada itie ke 2005. A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, mba ike netwọk na China na-agụnye a ọhụrụ ihe - na Tianwan NPP. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oru ngo nnọọ malitere. The mbụ na nke abụọ nuclear ike osisi unit nyere na 2007. The ihe bụ akwụkwọ ikike na-esote afọ abụọ.

Na 2010, China Energy Corporation banye a ọhụrụ nkwekọrịta na Russian "Atomstroyexport". N'oge a, nkwekọrịta ezipụta ọnọdụ maka owuwu nke atọ na nke anọ nkeji. Project development e dechara na 2012 n'ihi na atọ, na na 2013 nke anọ ume nkanka, ọ bụ mmalite nke ukwu ihe na ntọala. Ọ na-atụ anya na nke atọ na nke anọ ike nkeji nke Tianwan nuclear ike osisi ga-nyere na 2018.

Òtù na abuana na-ewu ike osisi

Na-ewu nke a nuclear ike osisi na-abụghị nanị na-engineering ụlọ ọrụ "Atomstroyexport". Na mbụ ya ogbo nkeji nke oru ngo na-esonụ ụlọ ọrụ na òtù so na Tianwan nuclear ike osisi:

• nkà mmụta sayensị na management rụrụ Kurchatov Institute;
• chernobyl usoro mepụtara na ibuo imewe "Hydraulic" Bureau;
• iwebata nuklia ike osisi na-arụ ọrụ na-achịkwa izugbe ngo - ụlọ ọrụ "Atomtekhenergo";
• general mmebe-egwuri St. Petersburg "AEP";
• Isi ngwá e mere na "Izhora Plants";
• uzuoku generators ọnọ igwe-ụlọ na osisi "ZiO-Podolsk";
• akpaghị aka nuclear ike osisi akara usoro zụtara ndị German nchegbu Siemens.

Na ngụkọta, mmepe na mmejuputa iwu nke oru ngo aka banyere 150 na ụlọ ọrụ na òtù, ke adianade do, a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ngwá e arụpụtara site Chinese ụlọ ọrụ.

Abanye a nuclear ike osisi na-arụ ọrụ

Ihe ịga nke ọma, mmejuputa iwu nke oru ngo na-adọ nyere nke mbụ nkeji nke iji na-a ịrịba ama ihe omume nke China si nuklia ike ụlọ ọrụ, nakwa dị ka Russian ngo, mmepe. tupu nnyefe ọrụ protocol e banyere site na isi nke "Atomstroyexport" na Russian n'akụkụ na Director JNPC (Jiangsu Nuclear Power Corporation) na Chinese. Status Action Tianwan NPP (lee foto. N'okpuru ebe) natara August 16, 2007.

Otu ihe dị mkpa atụmatụ

Na-ewu nuclear ike osisi eji ihe ndị kasị elu n'oge ahụ mkpebi. Otu ihe dị mkpa nke maka òtù na ụlọ ọrụ aka na mmepe nke oru ngo bụ iji hụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na Tianwan NPP. Iji ụbọchị, ume uru bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị dịrị nchebe nuclear ike osisi na ụwa.

Iji nweta ihe ndị dị otú ahụ a pụta bụ na o kwere omume ekele pụrụ iche ngwọta, nke bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke nuclear ike osisi oru ngo. The eziokwu na ndị na-ewu nke ebe ọtụtụ na-akpọ afia tọrọ. Cone ekara compartments na-iji na-ejide ndị isi. N'ihi ya, mgbe a ga-ekwe omume na mberede wụrụ awụ ihe nke ndị na-ewu imewe ga jupụta afia ga gbochie mbibi nke dum ụlọ.

Ọzọkwa atụmatụ nke imekọ ihe ọnụ n'etiti China na Russian Federation

Ihe ịga nke ọma ẹkụre nke oru ngo-ekwe nkwa site Russian ngo iso ọnụ nke mba. The nyere nke a nkwonkwo owuwu afọ ju abụọ na 2007. The ọhụrụ nkwekọrịta-enye maka ọnọdụ nke oru ngo mmepe, ewu na nyere nke abụọ-iji nkeji (abụọ na nke atọ) e banyere fọrọ nke nta ka ozugbo akwụkwọ ikike ọrụ oge nke Tianwan NPP.

Zubere nkwonkwo na-ewu nke ndị fọdụrụ ike nkeji nke nuclear ike osisi na China. Ọ na-zubere ka etinyere n'olu asatọ nkeji nke Tianwan nuklia ike osisi, ma usoro iheomume nke oru ngo bu ka amaghi. Ọzọkwa na-ekwu okwu na-atụle ga-ekwe omume nke imekọ ihe ọnụ na-ewu ọzọ ike osisi. The owuwu ọhụrụ ga-wuru na obodo nke Harbin, n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa China.

Nuclear ike ụgbọ na-wuru na ndị dị otú ahụ a oru ngo

Ke imewe nke mma nuclear ike osisi nwere mmasi ọtụtụ na-ekwu. N'oge, na-ewu nke ọzọ compartments afia bụ ọhụrụ ngwọta, kama a mgbagwoju ngo imewe na-ewu ụlọ nke ike ụlọ ọrụ.

Dị ka NPP-2006 oru ngo (merela agadi NPP-91, na nke e wuru Tianwan NPP) na-enye elu nche na pụrụ ịdabere, ugbu a na-ewu ise nuklia ike osisi. Atọ n'ime ha na-emi odude na ókèala nke Russian Federation:

• Baltic NPP na Kaliningrad region;
• Leningrad NPP-2 na Sosnovy Bor, 68 km si St. Petersburg;
• Novovoronezh NPP-2 na Voronezh.

The abụọ fọdụrụ ụgbọ na 2006 nuclear nchekwa ụkpụrụ na-wuru na Belarus (Grodno mpaghara) na India. The ikpeazụ nuclear ike osisi bụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu-agbanwe agbanwe na draft.

N'ọdịnihu dị nso na-ewu nke ise ọzọ nuclear ike osisi:

• na Russia - Seversk NPP na Tomsk region, Kursk NPP-2, Nizhny Novgorod NPP;
• ná mba ọzọ - nuclear ike osisi na Turkey na Bangladesh.

a ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke nuclear ike osisi n'ibelata ndị na-esi nke nwere ihe ọghọm. Karịsịa ụtọ na mmepe na, mmejuputa iwu nke oru ngo dị ka ndị kasị dịrị nchebe nuclear ike osisi bụ Russian Federation e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ na ụwa.