HPP Zhigulevskaya: ihe mere eme, foto

Zhiguli hydropower osisi kemgbe a nrọ nke Soviet ọchịchị na nnọọ ala nke mba. The atụmatụ malitere na 30s, na nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ewu ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na ndekọ oge mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. History Zhiguli hydropower osisi - nke a bụ otu n'ime peeji nke nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke Soviet Union na Russia na ike nche.

Si echiche na-mmalite

Echiche nke ewu Zhiguli hydropower osisi ke 1910 e osụk aka tsarist ọchịchị engineer Samara G. M. Krzhizhanovsky. Mejuputa ya mere na mgbe mgbanwe, mgbe e mma site electrification plan, nke e butere site na otu engineer, ma ugbua na ọnọdụ nke onyeisi oche nke ọrụ electrification.

Ná mmalite 30 na ebe, nke dị nso n'obodo nta nke Red ụta, malitere nnyocha e mere na-arụ ọrụ na mmepe nke ume nwere nke Volga. The pụta bụ a amaghị na-ewu Kuibyshev hydroelectric ọdụ, ebe ọ bụ na o kwere omume iji kwadebe ihe atọ ihe na-amalite na-arụ ọrụ. First enwere a ewu na saịtị nso obodo nke Red ụta. Iji hụ na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu oru ngo Zhiguli hydropower osisi e wuru n'isi ụlọ ọrụ. Ma ugbua na 1940 na saịtị nke na chọrọ pụrụ isi chọta nke ebe kpughere ego mmanụ, na ndị na-ewu bụ na friji.

mgbe agha,

Na agha oge ya e rụrụ ọzọ prospecting guzobe "Hydroproject" agha. Adabara saịtị a hụrụ nso n'obodo Zhigulyovsk. ч . Dị ka oru ngo, kwadoro na 1949, ndị hydroelectric ike Zhigulyovskaya tọrọ n'ogo nke 2.1 nde kVt⋅ awa.

Construction malitere na 1950, ozugbo nweela a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ. Iji mejuputa atumatu 50 ewu na echichi ụlọ ọrụ na-etinye aka, na-akọ na nke nta ngalaba nile nke mba ahụ. Na banyere 130 institutes na imewe bureaus, ọkọnọ ngwá na mmiri abuana ke karịa 1,300 ụlọ mmepụta ihe na-emebe na saịtị na ogige ndị aka. Chief nke owuwu nke ihe owuwu a họpụtara I. V. Komzin, natara maka mmepe na mmejuputa iwu nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ ngo aha nke dike nke Socialist Labor.

nkebi nke ihe owuwu

HPP Zhiguli - a isi post-agha owuwu, nke chọrọ nchikota ndi mmadu di nke a adịghị ike na aku na uba a nnukwu ego nke manpower na ego. The nke na-nchịkwa mmadụ e doziri mara siri ike - na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ewu ụlọ ndị mkpọrọ maka ha ọdịnaya ike Kuneevsky ITL, Glavgidrostroyu ebutere ka Ministry of Interior nke USSR.

Dumping rock na nri akụ nke Volga maka owuwu nke dam malitere na oyi 1950. The ukara ụbọchị nke malitere na-ewu na-atụle ga February 18, 1951, mgbe ọ na-ewepụ si akpa ala nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu nke olulu ebe. HPP ewu na saịtị Zhigulevskaya bụ exponential. Iji mejuputa ma mee ngwangwa ijeụkwụ nke ọrụ na saịtị wetara niile kasị mma na oge Usoro.

Na July nke 1951 malitere iwu nke ala ọnụ ụzọ ámá na ndị dị ike ihe osisi na-ekpe ụlọ akụ nke osimiri ahụ. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1952 malitere na-ewu nke spillway akwa asatọ kilomita n'ogologo, na okpomọkụ na ọ bụ oge iwu hydroelectric elu gateways maka mbupu. Na December nke otu afọ enye utom ke ufọkibọk mgbagwoju.

accelerated ijeụkwụ

HPP Zhigulevskaya wuru ngwa ngwa ijeụkwụ, mgbe ụfọdụ ruo ọtụtụ awa nke na-arụ ọrụ dabara ruo 20 puku cubic mita nke ihe, nke bụ ihe ndekọ ọbụna site zuru ụwa ọnụ na ụkpụrụ. Na December 1952, a malitere ịrụ ọrụ concreting ala nke ala ámá, ọnwa abụọ jupụtara omenala ndụ nke na-ewu ụlọ - e tinyere n'ime ọrụ ọhụrụ mmanụ club n'ime obodo nke Anwụ na-acha ahịhịa.

Na April 1953, ọ malitere Mwute nkume na macadam osisi, ngwaahịa nke si 30 July e etinyere na-ewu hydroelectric ike ojii ụlọ. Ntọala nke dum efere Zhiguli hydropower osisi e dechara na July 1954. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ bịara kasị mkpa mgbe - na e kere eke nke dam. Mmalite e nyere site August 15, 1955, ọ malitere na yitewere nke ekpe ụlọ akụ nke Volga, ihe ụrọ dam e agbapụtawo maka 2 ọnwa. Na October, osimiri mmiri na-guzobere n'olulu.

Overlapping na nri n'usọ osimiri e dechara na ndekọ oge, ndị ọkachamara were nanị ihe karịrị 19 awa maka mgbagwoju arụmọrụ. N'ime izu abụọ, anyị na-arụ ọrụ maka mkpochapu obere ntụpọ na ahu nke dam. Na November 1955, mmiri malitere jupụta Kuibyshev esite.

Project mmiri larịị na ọ e ruru naanị na June 1957. Na oge nke na-eru na-arụ ọrụ ike Kuibyshev esite bụ ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa - n'ógbè nwere banyere 6000 square kilomita, ogologo - 510 mita, obosara n'ebe ụfọdụ ruru 27 kilomita.

ndia

History Zhiguli hydropower osisi ke July 1955 ji Itie nke mbụ arịa site na ala mmiri gateways. Na November, e nwere otu ihe yitewere nke isi ọwa nke Volga, na December dechara echichi nke mbụ haịdrọlik unit malitere ya azụmahịa ọrụ. The ọzọ iri na otu hydropower nkeji na ulo oru n'oge 1956-1957 oge. The mbụ ijeri kilowatt-awa natara na October 1956. The ụbọchị nke ẹkụre nke isi ewu na-adọ na-atụle ga 14 October 1957, mgbe niile turbines HPP agbala ulo oru na ọkụ eletrik.

Wụnye ọ bụla tobaim ike nke 150 puku MW ewe ihe a ọnwa, mgbe na-ewebata ha n'ime ọrụ ọ bịara doo anya na-emepe emepe turbines na ike ruo 115 MW. Dị ka a n'ihi nke re-marking e rụrụ nkeji, na arụnyere hydroelectric ike ụba na 2.3 GW.

All ụdi mgbalị e eduzi kwupụta na-ewu nke ndutịm ụlọ ọdụ akụrụngwa na-elekọta mmadụ na ụlọ ọrụ Zhigulevsk na Stavropol. HPP Zhiguli - a pụrụ iche Ọdịdị, dum waterworks e wuru na afọ asaa. N'oge a, ọ e mere ihe fọrọ nke nta 200 nde cubic mita nke earthwork, tọrọ banyere 8 nde cubic mita nke ihe, arụnyere 200 puku tọn metal owuwu na akụrụngwa.

nrigbu

Zhiguli hydropower osisi e eze meghere on August 9, 1958 na a ukwu ememe na ọnụnọ nke mbụ mmadụ nke USSR. N'echi ya, ndị ebe e renamed na Volga Hydroelectric Power Station na ọrụ nke Lenin. Ọtụtụ sonyere nke ndị na-ewu natara ọchịchị enọ. Ikpe na-ewu nke ndị mkpọrọ a tọhapụrụ n'ime ọhịa site na mgbaghara, ụfọdụ na-anọgide belata oge nke na-eje ozi ikpe.

Site na mmalite nke August 1966 Zhiguli hydropower osisi mepụtara a echeta 100 ijeri kilowatt-awa nke na ọkụ eletrik. N'otu oge ahụ, e nwere a Ịhazi akpaaka nke niile akara Filiks na ọdụ ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke 70 nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ modernization nke ngwá e rụrụ.

Na mgbanwe nke aku usoro na 1993 ọ gbanwere ọnọdụ nke ebe: dị ka a n'ihi nke reorganization nke ụlọ ọrụ ghọrọ a ọha mmachi ụlọ ọrụ. Na 2001 HPP Zhigulevskaya ghọrọ akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ "Volga Hydropower Cascade". Ebe ọ bụ na 2003, hydroelectric ike ojii bụ a soplaya nke ọkụ eletrik na ihe n'ùkwù ahịa, nke akanyam 15% nke na site ike, ndị ọzọ ego dị ka usoro gọọmenti etiti ahịa.

modernity

Ka ụbọchị, onye nwe ebe bụ na-ejide ụlọ ọrụ "RusHydro". Zhiguli hydropower osisi - nke a bụ hydroelectric osimiri bed, ihe niile ụlọ ọrụ na-aghọ nke onye mbụ na klas nke sikwuo ike. Ọdịdị nke akụrụngwa na-agụnye:

• Ụrọ dam elu nke 52 mita (obosara - 750 m, ogologo - 2800 m).
• Hydroelectric ebe ụlọ 700 mita ogologo.
• Spillway gbochiri mmiri 980 mita ogologo.
• Mbupu akpọchi.

The elu nke Zhiguli hydropower osisi na mmiri e gbochiri egbochi òkè 40,15 mita, ike ụlọ nwere a elu nke 81,1 mita. On top nke dam tọrọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na okporo ụzọ akwukwo ozi Moscow - Samara. ч . Station ike bụ 2320 MW, na nkezi ike mmepụta na-nọ na 10.5 ijeri kVt⋅ awa. ч , и 4 машины мощностью 120 МВт⋅ ч . The igwe ụlọ 20 na-onwem na haịdrọlik nkeji Ngabiga-vane ụdị, 14 nke nwere ike nke 115 MVt⋅ h na 4 igwe na 120 MVt⋅ awa.

modernization

Na 2010 na ụlọ ọrụ "RusHydro" bịanyere aka a nkwekọrịta na OAO "Ike Machines" maka modernization nke haịdrọlik nkeji. Site June 2017 update natara 19 ugbo ala, ẹkụre dum mgbagwoju nke jikoro na-zubere maka November 2017. The e ji imelite enweta ego ga-eme ka osisi ikike ruo 2488 MW.

Dị ka ndị mbụ ụlọ, na taa na-egbu ike osisi Zhiguli hydropower osisi. Photo ụgbọ, dams na dum mgbagwoju nke hydroelectric akpali ùgwù maka amamihe nke ndị na-emepụta na-ewu ụlọ.