Metal phosphating n'ụlọ

Kemgbe ndị mmadụ na-eme ka metal ụmụ mmadụ bilie a nkọ nke nke nchebe nke ngwaahịa ewepụtara na mbibi nke corrosion. Nchara - isi onye iro nke ihe ọ bụla metal n'elu ta. Perennial mma ụzọ na n'aka maka igbochi corrosion, na-ekwe omume inwe ịrịba arụpụta agha megide eke chemical n'ibu. Ma ekwe nkwa mbara nonsusceptibility corrosion agaghị ekwe omume.

Ọ ga-ekwe omume na-emeso ndị metal onwe ya n'ụlọ?

Iji ụbọchị, n'etiti dị ụzọ nke na-echebe ferrous ihe si mmetụta nke na-ebibi ihe uru arịba phosphate. Metal mgbe kwekọrọ ekwekọ chemical mmeghachi omume na-aghọ elu wear eguzogide, nke budata ogologo ya kpọmkwem iji.

The kasị mma nchedo ígwè nchara na ire ere bụ ya mkpa n'elu mkpuchi, sonso anya film. N'ụlọ, ndị metal phosphate ọnọdụ yiri a Herculean ozi metụtara na udi nke agaghị ekwe omume. N'ezie, ọ bụ naanị na ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị mkpa nke na ngwá na reagents chọrọ. N'ezie, na nnabata na mgbagwoju iwu na ọnọdụ iji nweta ihe ndị ha chọrọ N'ihi nwere ike ọ bụla onye na-enweghị oru muta.

Reagents na-mkpa maka phosphating

Ihe ọzọ uru home phosphating bụ ya egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe: inogide na-echebe film na-kpụrụ n'elu nke fọrọ nke nta niile alloys na wezụga nke elu-alloy ígwè. Ọzọkwa, elu oyi akwa na magburu onwe stseplivaetsya ígwè isi preform. Dị ka ihe na-eji maka phosphatizing metal:

• manganese;
• zinc;
• ígwè phosphates.

Uru ígwè phosphate ọgwụgwọ

Modern technology nke itinye phosphate chemical mejupụtara na-enye ohere iji kpuchie metal ebupụta na a kacha nta ọkpụrụkpụ - erughị 5 micrometers. Nke a na usoro nke nhazi ígwè na-egbochi ya mbibi na-enye nchebe si mpụga mmetụta, huu ruo ogologo oge ojiji nke metal ngwaahịa na niile na ọnọdụ, gụnyere:

• mgbe oké mmiri;
• n'okpuru nduzi nke ike ike chemical solvents;
• mgbe na kọntaktị na engine mmanụ;
• n'okpuru elu electric voltaji;
• dị ka ihe ndabere maka a agba mkpuchi.

Phosphating metal maka sere ga-enye pụrụ ịdabere na nchedo nke ihe, ma na ngwaahịa ga na-na-adịghị ike mgbe kụrụ ihe acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọzọkwa na staining nke ígwè n'elu mkpuchi ihe banye n'ime ihe miri n'ime n'ígwé nke na-echebe film enwe a akwa n'ogo nke porosity. The mma adhesion nke elu alloys - ọzọ mma mgbe, na-ahapụ asị ee phosphating tupu egosipụta metal.

Technology na ulo oru phosphating Usoro

Tupu etinyewe na ngwa nke a film oyi akwa, ọ dị mkpa ịghọta ihe ndị mejupụtara nke ọkara nke ígwè na-etinye. metal phosphating technology sochiri staining na agba na ihe onwunwe bụ adabara home mmega. Na "Mazhef" ọgwụ ngwọta nke jupụtara n'ime nnukwu capacitance maka enterprise, ígwè ntekwasa na a nnọọ mkpa ma nnọọ inogide na ihe oyi akwa. Ofụri Esịt encapsulated na phosphating bath nke dara isiokwu bụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na ịmachi okpomọkụ na refluxed ruo otu awa. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị dee nweta, ihe nkiri na-enye a n'ụzọ zuru ezu isi ike, ike, na ọgwụgwụ n'elu electroplate usoro eji abrasive ma ọ bụ sandblasting ngwaọrụ.

Iji n'elu usoro nwere ike na-akpọ ezi naanị na ikpe nke nhazi nnukwu owuwu. Yiri ọrụ metal phosphating sụgharịrị na ulo oru Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na nke Rolling, na-eri na ndị ahịa na a ezigbo ego.

Olee otú aka home metal: "oyi" electroplating

N'ihi na na-ajụ-sized electroplating ngwaahịa ọzọ kwesịrị ekwesị na-amalite isi technology. Anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere metal phosphoric acid phosphating, na njikere nke nke dị ọbụna n'ụlọ. N'ihi na ihe ịga nke ọma mmeghachi omume kwesịrị iso ziri ezi ịta nke chemical ọcha. Ihe na-esonụ bụ mmiri nke ngwọta na a ruru nke ichekwa umi (na grams) na 1 liter nke mmiri:

• phosphoric acid - ọ dịghị ihe karịrị 40;
• zinc nitrate - 200;
• zinc oxide - 15;
• Sodium sulfate - 8.

The usoro agaghị oge - ịkwadebe ihe ngwọta na ozugbo chemical mmeghachi omume ga-ewe banyere ọkara otu awa. Otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi a chọrọ nke a ga-sochiri n'oge na nhazi nke ígwè, bụ ndị ziri ezi ihe ngwọta ịta na okpomọkụ (erughị +18 ° C na karịa +25 Celsius C). Nke a na usoro na-enye ohere iji nweta a oyi metal phosphating n'ụlọ, ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ usụhọde nhazi quality ígwè ngwaahịa si "Mazhef" nkwadebe - kacha ọkpụrụkpụ nke nke pụrụ ịkpata film bụ na-emekarị adịghị aka 5 microns.

Electrochemical phosphating ígwè akụkụ

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị teknụzụ maka nhazi metal ngwaahịa kwesịrị ewu ewu n'ebe ọrụ, e ọma na-eji na-enwechaghị ahụmahụ. Dị otú ahụ bụ electrochemical machining na ígwè n'elu mkpuchi negosi pụrụ ịdabere na film n'ihi mmeghachi omume nke electrolyte na ugbu a. Ndabere nke ọrụ ụkpụrụ nke usoro a bụ iji "Mazhef" phosphoric acid ma ọ bụ ọgwụ.

Iron workpiece a ga-phosphated, n'ịnyịnya electrode. Construction na-lowered n'ime bath ngwọta na njikere n'ọdịnihu na-eji dị ka ihe anode zinc mkpara - ha na-mkpa iji mee ka ọkụ eletrik. N'ụzọ ziri ezi hazie metal dịghị mkpa ka na-amalite n'iji elu-voltaji network, ọ bụ iji na 25 V AC ma ọ bụ DC eletrik.

"Mazhef" - kacha mma mejupụtara maka metal primer tupu egosipụta

phosphating usoro dịruru maka a obere oge - na nkezi, ruo ọkara otu awa. Nke a na ngwá bụ ezigbo maka nhazi ogologo na-ajụ-sized na ngwaahịa. N'ihi na ihe na ihe mgbagwoju geometric imewe kwesịrị ịhọrọ a dị iche iche otú ígwè phosphate mkpuchi iji zere mkpumkpu nkesa galvanizing film. Na ụlọ ọrụ na ebe obibi "Mazhef" bụ a elu àgwà ala mejupụtara nile asambodo na kwekọrọ ekwekọ GOST. phosphating metal akpakanamde ahu - onye nke kasị ihe mere eji bekee. Iji kpuchido ụgbọala si nchara, "Mazhef" etinyere ọbụna n'ebe ndị ebe ọ na-ama mara, na agba agaghị adịru ogologo (atụ, na ala nke ụgbọ ala).

N'ihu na nhazi nke metal, si n'elu eliminates unyi, ájá, ahụ nke bitumen na ya nke ọma degreased. Arụ ọrụ ngwakọta nwere ike kwadebere onwe, ma ukwu-azọpụta oge na ga evenly kesaa aerosol ntọhapụ ụdị. N'ihi ya ụfọdụ reagents etinyere mesoo ígwè na a ahịhịa. Ma, nke a na usoro nke nkesa bụ bụghị ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na-anọghị nke ahụmahụ priming - dị oké mkpa iji na-eso edo ngwa nke phosphate mejupụtara.

Aro na ojiji nke phosphate ogige

Na ọgwụgwọ nke obere metal akụkụ na "Mazhefom" na-aghọ o kwere omume, na-ekpo ọkụ lamination usoro nke na-echebe film. Otu ọzọ mejupụtara nwere ike iche na enwetara ngwakọta nke zinc nitrate na phosphoric acid. Na N'ezie nke nkwadebe nke ọha mmadụ ike maka oge ichefu banyere ịkpachara anya na isi nchekwa:

• Ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-eyi pụrụ iche na-echebe iko.
• Iji gbochie nsị si dị ụzọ abụọ-eji arụ ọrụ na n'okporo ámá ma ọ bụ na a ventilated ụlọ.
• N'elu ẹkụre nke usoro, na-asa aka na ọgwụ ahụ na-adịghị na-etinye na mucous membranes nke anya, ọnụ.

The ikpeazụ ọgwụgwọ mgbe phosphating akụkụ

A, metal phosphate ke ufọk abụghị ikpeazụ ogbo nke ngwaahịa nhazi. Ebe ọ bụ na porosity nke ihe owuwu galvanic echebe film nwere ike n'ihu na-emetụta ya ọrụ na arụmọrụ Njirimara, na metal n'elu bụ passivated. Dị ka ihe ngwọta na-hụ na ire ụtọ na evenness nke mkpuchi, iji potassium dichromate ma ọ bụ sodium dichromate. Na usoro nke metal gụchara ọ dị oké mkpa ghara ida okpomọkụ omume: na-achị na a phosphate film na-mikpuru na a 80 ogo ngwọta na incubated ha maka dịkarịa ala, 20 nkeji. Mgbe passivation, ngwaahịa na-emeso ya na n'ígwè mmanụ, na mgbe ahụ, a ngwọta nke mmanụ ụgbọala na silicone ọmụmụ na a ruru nke 1:10.

Olee otú elele àgwà nke na-echebe film na metal?

Ihe na-egosi na nke pụrụ ịkpata mkpuchi kwekọrọ na kwuru e ji mara, na ọ na-atụle ga-ezi-na-grained Ọdịdị na kacha nta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke pores. Production ewerewokwa n'ime akaụntụ kpọmkwem nnukwu mpo nke etinyere oyi akwa: arọ nke film ekwesịghị gafere atọ grams kwa 1 square. mita. Nkezi phosphating (ọgwụgwọ nke metal n'abu esi okpomọkụ) na-enye ohere iji nweta a siri ike mkpuchi onye ọkpụrụkpụ pụrụ iru 7 microns na oyi na-atụ mmetụta ụdị galvanizing oyi akwa na-aga nta ọkpụrụkpụ na ya mere nwere a ogbenye mma.

A ole na ole Atụmatụ maka phosphating: mkpa ka ị mara?

Iji ọma phosphating metal mmepụta osisi dị mkpa ka ntị na-esonụ:

• Ihe kacha ụzọ nkwadebe nke phosphating mado, nke nwere ike iji na-emeso ha ọtọ ngalaba, dị ka ndị a: mix "Mazhef" ma ọ bụ wuru ngwọta nke phosphoric acid na zinc nitrate na a na-anọpụ iche dịanyā - talc ntụ ntụ, kaolin. Home - na-hà, (3 akụkụ nke ihe ngwọta kwa 2 crumbly umi).
• The phosphate ngwọta nwere ike kwukwara degreasing mmiri - a ga-azọpụta ike na nkwadebe maka metal phosphating. N'ihi nke a, 1 liter nke mmiri dị mkpa iji tinye 45 g nke sodium nitrate na sodium monophosphate, na ọkara tablespoon nke omo. Nkọwa nọrọ oge na phosphating bath ga-amụba okpukpu abụọ.
• Iji wepu ajari metal ebupụta mkpa ka ịgbakwunye a phosphoric acid mgbagwoju polyphosphates. Melite arụmọrụ nke a ngwọta na-enyere pụrụ iche wetting gị n'ụlọnga - ọ ga-ikpochapụ ígwè n'elu.
• Accelerator Phosphating - a umi kwukwara na mejupụtara maka elu ọgwụgwọ. Na ya, dum usoro na-ewe a kacha nta nke oge.

Phosphate ọgwụgwọ ígwè rụrụ nke ọ bụla alloy

Ewere na ndị imekotaotuugbo nketa nke ọtụtụ metal phosphating Filiks bụ ịrịba uru bụghị naanị na ụlọ ọrụ, ma na-na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ, ọrụ a pụrụ ịghọ a nwere ebe mma ẹdude electroplating technology. Na mgbakwunye na ego ịzọpụta, nke na-apụta ìhè mgbe n'ụlọ phosphating, a ígwè ọgwụgwọ nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ uru. Ka ihe atụ, phosphate ogige na-enwe ike iji chebe site na mbibi bụghị naanị nwa ma na-abụghị ferrous alloys (ọla kọpa, cadmium, aluminum, na na. D.).

Iji kpuchido metal si corrosion mere site mpụga ihe, ọnọdụ ihu igwe, ọ na-esichara ozugbo nnweta. dịghị ize ndụ na metal, o nwere ike ghara ẹkenịmde, ma na omume mgbe enweta ji achọ uru - na ikpe nke ịtụkwasị emeso ígwè na ngwaahịa na a ụlọ na oké iru mmiri bluish e dere ede nwere ike na-etolite n'elu.