Mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ: Uru na ụkọ ihe ụfọdụ

Atọm bekee na mgbe niile na-efegharị, nke bụ ya mere mmiri mmiri na ikuku ndi nwere ike weere. Solids nwekwara akpụ akpụ elementrị ahụ, ma ha nwere ihe isiike crystalline lattice. Ma, ọ bụrụ na abụọ solids obibia a anya nke na mmekọrịta nke atọm agha, na ebe nke kọntaktị nke ahụ nke otu umi ga banye n'ime n'ime ọzọ na Anglịkan. Dị otú ahụ ibe mgbasa penetration bekee nwetara aha, na mmetụta bụ ndabere nke otu n'ime ụzọ nke metal ogige. Ọ na-akpọ - mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ nke ọla.

Nke ahụ nwere ike-esonyere mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ

Mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ na agụụ technology nnukwu ohere. Ọ ga-eji jikọọ:

• Ọla homogeneous na heterogeneous Ọdịdị, na ha alloys. The refractory metal ihe onwunwe dị ka tantalum, niobium na tungsten.
• Bekee abụghị dara ọdịdị nke metal graphite na ígwè, ọla kọpa na iko.
• Constructional ihe dabeere na metal, seramiiki, quartz, ferrite, iko, okporo ọkụ Ọdịdị (homogeneous na inhomogeneous), graphites na sapphire.
• Mejupụtara ihe, porous mgbe nọgide na-enwe ha Njirimara na udidi.
• Polymer bekee.

ha nwere ike dị iche iche - na ekele nhazi na size nke iberibe. Dabere na size nke na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ na-apụghị ịrụ ọrụ na ihe si ọtụtụ microns (okporo ọkụ ọcha) ka a ole na ole mita (mgbagwoju layered Ọdịdị).

Olee otú ndị mgbasa osisi

Mgbagwoju mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ usoro mejupụtara ndị na-esonụ bụ isi ndị na:

1. Arụ ọrụ ụlọ. Ọ na-mere nke metal na e mere na-amachi arụ ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi nke a agụụ na-kere.
2. A etiti - polished guzoro. Ọ na-adabere ná arụ ọrụ ụlọ, tinyere nke ọ nwere ike ịkpali.
3. Na agụụ akara. A akara n'etiti igwefoto na ku n'aka.
4. The ala usoro na clamping ịghasa. Na enyemaka ha, igwefoto ije rụrụ tinyere ndu na gwara ya na a guzoro.
5. a agụụ mgbapụta. Ọ na-emepụta a agụụ na-arụ ọrụ ebe.
6. Generator na inductor. Ịrụ kpo oku usoro nke welded mmiri.
7. Punches superalloys, cylinders, haịdrọlik na mmanụ mgbapụta bụ mkpakọ usoro akụkụ n'okpuru a gaghị agara nsogbu.

Dabere na mgbanwe echichi mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ, ụlọ ndị nwere ike dị iche iche ụdị na usoro nke oru. Ọzọkwa, e nwere ụzọ dị iche iche nke kpo oku akụkụ. Radieshon heaters ike ga-eji, elu ugbu a generators, wụnye a na-egbukepụ egbukepụ orùrù elektrọn doo heaters.

Mgbasa Filiks ịgbado ọkụ

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-egbu maramara metal efere, na-etinye ha ọnụ ma na-etinye n'okpuru ibu, na a ole na ole ọtụtụ iri afọ ga-ahụ na mmetụta nke ibe penetration nke ọla n'ime onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Na ịdị omimi nke penetration ga-n'ime a millimeter. The ihe bụ na mgbasa ọnụego na-adabere na okpomọkụ nke ejikọrọ ihe, anya n'etiti ndị mbụ ahụ nke bekee, nakwa dị ka ala nke na kọntaktị na-ebupụta (enweghị ofufe na ọxịdashọn). Ọ bụ ya mere na eke ọnọdụ nke ya usoro bụ otú ngwa ngwa.

Na ụlọ ọrụ, maka ngwa njikọ nke mgbasa usoro accelerated, na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ niile ọnọdụ ndị a. Na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ na:

• A agụụ na a mmapụta mgbali larịị nke 10 ^-5 mmHg ma ọ bụ jupụtara na ihe inert gas na gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ihi ya, ihe na-gụrụ oxygen, nke bụ oxidizer ọ bụla metal.
• Materials preheat okpomọkụ 50-70% nke agbaze okpomọkụ nke preforms. Ndị a akụkụ na-eme ka na-amụba ductility ruru ka a Rolling ala nke ha elementrị ahụ.
• On preform emetụta n'ibu mgbali n'ime 0,30-10,00 kg / mm ^2, na-eweta ọnụ interatomic anya ka nha eme ka nkịtị njikọ na ibe banye n'ime n'ime gburugburu n'ígwé.

Chọrọ maka nkwadebe nke ihe

Tupu ịtụkwasị preform ọcha ka welded n'ime mgbasa unit, ha na-doro pretreatment. Isi ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọgwụgwọ nke na kọntaktị òkè blanks iji na inweta a ezigbo, ọbụna na edo elu, na mwepụ nke-adịghị ahụ anya nkwụsị mpaghara guzobere na mmanu mmanu unyi. Nhazi bụ oghere:

• chemical;
• n'ibu;
• electrolytic.

Fim nke oxides, na-emekarị adịghị emetụta mgbasa usoro, n'ihi na ha onwe-ebibi n'oge kpo oku na a agụụ na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Mgbe mgbasa bonding emee n'etiti underperforms bekee enwe ahaghị thermal mgbasa ọnụọgụ, ma ọ bụ kenkuwa Weld a kpụrụ, na-eji na-akpọ echekwa na mpe mpe akwa. Ha nwere ike na-eje ozi dị ka foils nke ọla na ígwè kpụọ. N'ihi ya, ọla kọpa foil na-eji na mgbasa bonding nke workpieces mere nke quartz.

Njirimara nwetara ogige

N'adịghị ka ot ụzọ site-agbaze ịgbado ọkụ ebe isi metal ka n'ihu metal na ẹkenam n'ime nkwonkwo, mgbasa bonding na-enye ohere iji nweta a edo onuete enweghị ịrịba mgbanwe physico-n'ibu mejupụtara nke nkwụsị. Njikere na nkwonkwo nwere ndị na-esonụ e ji mara:

• ọnụnọ nke a na-aga n'ihu onuete enweghị pore owuwu na cavities;
• enweghị oxide inclusions na compound;
• kwụsie ike nke n'ibu Njirimara.

N'ihi na eziokwu na mgbasa - penetration usoro eke otu umi ọzọ, na kọntaktị na mpaghara na-adịghị ewute crystal lattice ihe, na ya mere ọ dịghị onuete kenkuwa.

A onyinye nke titanium mmiri

Mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ nke titanium na ya alloys e ji inweta elu-edu compound na elu aku arụmọrụ. Ọ na-ebe-etinyere na na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na imewe nke prosthetic mmiri, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị ọzọ ebe.

Nkọwa na-ewe iwe ka okpomọkụ na 50º - 100º ala karịa okpomọkụ na nke polymorphic mgbanwe. N'ihi ya ihe nwere obere nsogbu 0,05-0,15 kg / mm².

The chemical mejupụtara nke titanium alloy adịghị emetụta ebe e wusiri ike ogige nke ọcha dị ịgbado ọkụ usoro.

uru nke usoro

Mgbe mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ bụ na o kwere omume:

• ejikọta homogeneous na inhomogeneous solids;
• na-ezere deformation nke akụkụ;
• dịghị consumables mee n'ụdị solders na fluxes;
• enweta a na-abụghị n'efu mmepụta;
• ghara iji mgbagwoju usoro nke ventilashion, dị ka usoro adịghị na-etolite ajoo ulo oru ngo vapors;
• enweta ihe ọ bụla nke ebe mpaghara nke kọntaktị njikọ, bụghị naanị site na-ekwe omume nke na ngwá;
• iji hụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na eletriki kọntaktị.

Iji nke a anyị ga-ịgbakwunye a oké aesthetic anya nke okokụre akụkụ, nke na-adịghị achọ ka ọ bụla ọzọ nhazi nzọụkwụ, dị ka wepụ Weld slag, n'ihi na ihe atụ.

technology-adịghị emezi emezi

Mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ bụ a mgbagwoju usoro, isi ọghọm bụ:

• mkpa iji oké ọnụ kpọmkwem ngwá;
• mkpa n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke ulo oru ebe, echichi nwere bukwanu akụkụ;
• na chọrọ ka nwere ihe pụrụ iche ihe ọmụma, nkà na nghọta nke ọrụ usoro;
• oge a chọrọ maka a ọma tupu ọgwụgwọ preparations;
• ọdịnaya nke agụụ ngwa amachi ịdị ọcha, ma ọ bụghị-adịghị ahụ anya ájá nwere ike idozi na oru òtù na-eduga n'alụmdi na nwunye ogige;
• ike nke achọpụta na àgwà nke Weld na-enweghị mkpa maka mbibi ya.

Nyere ihe a nile, dị ka nke ọma dị ka kpọmkwem nke eji agụụ usoro, mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ na ina naanị na okwu nke ụlọ ọrụ, kama oji onwe.

Industrial ngwá maka mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ

E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke ulo oru ngwá mere maka mgbasa bonding. Ha tumadi dị iche na specificity welded ihe na iji dị iche iche nke kpo oku usoro.

Nwụnye MDVS ụdị iji mepụta mgbanwe ọla kọpa Ogwe, na kọntaktị dị iche iche nke elu-voltaji switches nke ọla kọpa na kerrita, akụkụ gaslift valves downhole nfuli mere nke igwe anaghị agba nchara na ike metal alloys. The usoro bụ na ọdabara electrocontact kpo oku mmetụta.

Ịgbado ọkụ mgbagwoju ụdị UDVM-201. Anamde compound site mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ ihe dị iche iche akara ule nke iko. The kpo oku nke na-arụ ọrụ n'elu a rụrụ site radieshon.

Ịgbado ọkụ ngwá USDV-630. Echichi nke itinye n'ọkwa kpo oku maka ịgbado ọkụ nke ọtụtụ ndị mejupụtara ihe dabeere na titanium na ọla kọpa. Ndị dị otú ahụ na usoro ekwe ka ikpo nnukwu akụkụ nke ebe.

Machine MDVS-302 maka mgbasa ịgbado ọkụ na elu ugboro kpo oku akụkụ. Ji a obere-sized oscillator transistor circuit.