Nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov: ihe mere eme, foto na reviews

Na obi nke obodo, na aro Chernigov, ebube snow-ọcha temple. Ọ na-anyanya ise domes na ụlọ nche nke conical udi. Nke a pụrụ iche ncheta nke na mmalite nke iri na otu na narị afọ - nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov.

akpali ụbọchị

N'ihi na a ogologo oge, Chọọchị Ọtọdọks bụ ndị kasị ochie n'etiti yiri owuwu kemgbe isi ugboro. N'ezie, ọ bụ a ajụjụ nke ndị na-anwụghị. Otú ọ dị, na-adịbeghị anya ọmụmụ gosiri na ndị kasị ochie bụ St. Sophia Cathedral, onye na-arụ ọrụ azụ na 2010 kwuru na nke ikpeazụ e hiwere na 1011. Dị ka ihe àmà na ha wetara ọtụtụ ndị e dere na ya na mgbidi ya. Ọ bụ ezie na nke a version bụ ka kpamkpam ike, ma ụfọdụ na-eme nnyocha kweere na afọ mgbe nnwogha Katidral ke Chernihiv e tọrọ ntọala - 1036-nke.

History nke e kere eke

Na 1024 ama Chernigov Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich Hrabry merie ndị ogologo internecine agha na malitere ukwuu mụbaa ya nwe. Ya ala agbatị si Sivershchyna na North Caucasus. N'oge a nọ n'ókèala Dneshnego Castle Detintsa ma ọ bụ dị ka ọ na ugbu a na-akpọ, wee malite iwu a nnọọ nnukwu isi n'ụlọikpe. Nke a mgbagwoju bụ Central Ọdịdị bụ nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov, onye mere eme na-nwere njikọ chiri na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Kievan rus.

Ọ maara na n'otu afọ ya guzobere nwụrụ. Mgbe oge nke ọnwụ ya, mgbidi ụlọ nsọ, dị ka ọ pụtara ìhè site chroniclers, nọ na-ama zụlitere ka a elu nke anọ mita.

Emechaghi ama n'oge ọchịchị Svyatoslav Yaroslavich, a mara mma nke ukwuu Nnwogha Katidral ke Chernihiv bụ isi okpukpe Shinto nke ala. Ọ bụ ebe a na ọtụtụ ndị na-obere-arụ ọrụ ebube oyiyi, ihe ncheta nke ndi nsọ.

Mgbe ọnwụ nke Prince Nwere Obi Ike, ya guzobere, si na-ewu nke katidral anya niile nwe. Ha na-deployed na-ewu nke na chọọchị nke St. Novgorod Sofia. Ya mere, dechara nnwogha Katidral ke Chernihiv bụ naanị na n'etiti iri na otu na narị afọ.

uru

N'ihi na ọ fọrọ nke nta narị afọ itoolu na ọ bụ a katidral maka mpaghara diocese. Ọ e were dị ka etiti nke ọha na eze na-elekọta mmadụ na ndụ. N'okpuru ya arches na-eli ọtụtụ n'ime ndị isi na ndị mmụọ ukwu. Ebe a na ncheta nke Prince Mstislav na Nwere Obi Ike na Svyatoslav Yaroslavovych na ụmụ ya Oleg na Gleb. Na 1246 a nsọ nwụrụ n'ihi okwukwe Michael na Fedor e liri. Otú ọ dị, na 1572-m, site na iji nke Ivan egwu, ha nwere ike e gaa Moscow.

Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta kweere na nke a bụ ebe e liri Prince Igor - dike nke "The Akụkọ nke Igor na Mgbasa Ozi". Ọ chịrị Chernigov si 1198 nke na 1201-nke afọ. Ebe a na-eli ndị hierarchs nke obodo diocese Lazar Baranavichy na Ambrose Dubkevich. Na oge nke oge ochie Russia ke Katidral bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị, ikekwe, na-asọpụrụ akara ngosi dị na Russia - Smolensk Icon nke Nne nke Chineke, ma ọ bụ Hodegetria. Otú ọ dị, mgbe a mgbe Vladimir Monomakh kpaliri okpukpe Shinto ka Smolensk.

General anya

Nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov, nke na-egosi na a plan nnukwu zuru ezu maka na agadi Russian ụkpụrụ - 18,25h27 mita - atọ nave Ọdịdị na atọ apses na isii okporo osisi, wughachi ọtụtụ ugboro. Na iri na asatọ na iri na itoolu na narị afọ, n'ihi na ihe atụ, nwere ụlọ elu abụọ ndị overbuilt. Na nanị mgbe na nnwogha Katidral ke Chernihiv nwetara ya ugbu ụdị.

gburugburu perimeta nke facade bụ nnọọ mgbagwoju anya mara masonry mere brik zoro nso. Mma mbụ pilasters, nke na mbụ EBIONITISM - fọrọ ewepụghị, ebe nke abụọ - ekara.

Gbasara ohere atụmatụ, nke bụ nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov (foto na-ewetara ya n'ụlọ onye nke ọ bụla, na-abịa na obodo), pụrụ nnọọ iche. Nke a mbụ Ọdịdị bụghị nwere ihe ọ bụla oge ochie dị n'ụlọ nsọ.

The gwupụtara kpughere na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ akụkụ ka isi ụlọ nọ na-agbakwunyere a obere uka, nke na-adịghị ọbọhọ ruo ugbu a. Na taa, nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov, foto nke na-egosi nke uru na-enweghị ha.

Chekwaghị gburugburu ụlọ elu na n'akụkụ aka n'ebe ugwu nke ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata. O duru si gallery steepụ. Na site n'ebe ndịda mbụ e mmasị trehapsidny Obere chọọchị, nke bụ baptizim. Ọzọkwa, mgbe na 1239 katidral n'oge mbuso agha nke Tatars Ọ fọrọ nke nta ebibi, dara arches na domes.

The ụkpụrụ ụlọ ngwọta

Nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov style nke bụ a compound nke circuit cross-dome Byzantine temple na ụfọdụ ọcha nke romance nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti nnọọ mara mma. Na usoro nke-ewu-nwe-eji nkà na ụzụ nke mbuaha masonry. N'otu oge ahụ na a plinth maka Old Russian ije bụ ihe e ji mara mkpa nsure brick - eke nkume e ji. Architects na-amụ na ụkpụrụ na-ewu nke technology, admiringly kwuru na a constructive ngwọta nke katidral oke itunanya doro anya, ọ fọrọ nke nta zuru okè.

Mmetụta nke oge

N'ihi na ọ fọrọ nke nta a puku afọ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge ochie a na omenala ncheta wara ọtụtụ mbibi na nwughari. Na afọ mgbe Chernigov na 1239 e weere site agha na ndị Khan Mangu, katidral agbanweela a zuru looting. Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie, ọ na-ebe a na-emechi, nzere, akpatre agbachitere ndị dara obodo. Defense duru Chernigov Prince Mstislav. Nwunye-ya, ka e wee ghara ịdaba n'aka onye-iro, wụpụ windo nke red elu nke katidral.

Episcopal hụrụ kpaliri site Chernigov n'obodo Bryansk. Ọ bụ naanị na 1675 - mgbe Akwa Bishop Lazarus Baranovichi - malitere rụrụ nwughari-arụ ọrụ. Mgbe ahụ ndị overbuilt apse.

nwughari

Ịgbaso a ọma reorganization nke chọọchị na-rụrụ na 1791-1798, karị, mgbe ọkụ, mgbe ụlọ ahụ idiọk mebiri emebi. Ọ bụ n'oge a, ọtụtụ ndị agadi Russian frescoes furu.

Chroniclers dere na na 1783-m na Chernihiv na-agafe Potemkin, onye bụ nnọọ mmasị a katidral. Dị ka a n'ihi nke ya arịrịọ maka di ike e ekenyela ego zuru ezu. Otú ọ dị, n'ụzọ dị mwute, nhazigharị nke karịa imerụ ụlọ nsọ ahụ. O mere ka ndị dị otú ahụ nsogbu nke enweghị ike ọbụna na-etinye niile gara aga mbibi.

Mgbe ahụ n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla nke Katidral nke abụọ kapịrị ọnụ elu e kwukwara. Nke a bụ iji nye katidral a ụfọdụ myirịta na chọọchị. Ọzọkwa, ha na-eje ozi dị a sundial.

ime

The ime nke Katidral chere ukwu na iwu siri ike Nchikota verticals na horizontals. Karịsịa bara uru banyere ndị oge ochie ochie dị ka frescoes na tụrụ na parapets choruses na ibido tọrọ kọlụm. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ọ bụghị ihe niile nke tupu Mongol temple mma nọgidere, na ihe bịara anyị, zọpụta adakpọọla na anya ka nnọọ mma. Isi akụkụ nke ime ihe osise bibiri ọkụ ke ufọt ufọt iri na asatọ na narị afọ.

Famous fresco "hà Ndịozi Thecla" e wepụrụ na 30-ies nke Bolsheviks, na mgbe ahụ, ọ na e bibiri n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Ndị fọdụrụ ole na ole, ma nnọọ oge ochie eserese tụrụ kwụpụta n'okpuru siri ike ịhụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ frescoes. Ọ na-enyo na ime nke katidral e re-ese na 1820-m, na ọkara otu narị afọ mgbe e mesịrị emelitere. Ọ na-ama ahụ gburu osise oge ochie.

Dị ka a n'ihi nke nnyocha n'ime katidral mmapụta iberibe n'ala e chọpụtara, mere n'oge dị iche iche. Original mkpuchi gụnyere slabs nke wepụrụ ebubo, nke ịbịaru e agbakwunyere ejupụta Mozis. Onye nke ya isi ọcha bụ concentric okirikiri. Na mbụ, ebe ịchụàjà n'ime n'ala e meghere na seramiiki glazed taịl nile. Otú ọ dị, nke iri na abụọ na narị afọ ya dochie ezigbo wepụrụ ebubo blocks. Of akpan akpan uru na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere wepụrụ ebubo tụrụ na mgbochi ekwe ukwe.

The ime nke elongated ụlọ n'ụzọ zuru okè na-agwakọta ya na iberibe n'ime arcades na-enwekwa ọṅụ n'ime dome ohere. N'oge ha ogologo ya mbụ onwem osisi redio maka ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda ukwe. Ha welie kwụ nkewa nke n'ime ime mma. Ndị a arcades bụ ihe e ji mara nke Byzantine ije nke oge. Otú ọ dị, ha dị ụkọ n'ụbọchị Kievan rus. Na nke a bụ otu n'ime ihe e ji mara atụmatụ, nke bụ ma ama Nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov, nke ebube nke ya attire emeghị ekwenyere throned ama ụka.

atụmatụ

Ọ na-kweere na ụlọ nsọ na-ewu ụlọ ugboro ugboro ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ atụmatụ nke otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri Church - mbụ nkume ụka Old Russian ala. Ke adianade do, ọ na-atụ aro na ndị ọrụ nkà na onye kere Katidral ke Chernigov na Kiev Sophia, bụ ndị so a Byzantine ugbo.

Ọ dịwo anya adị oge ochie omenala nke temple eyịride flags nke obodo agbachitere. Ebe ọ bụ na mmalite nke narị afọ gara aga na-egosi ebe a na Cossack flags na ọkọlọtọ iri na asatọ Chernigov agha n'oge agha na Napoleon , na iri na otu nke Crimea War.

ihu arụsị

Na sacristy ka retains a ọtụtụ ememe okpukpe ihe. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha nyere n'onyinye ụmụ amaala nke Church na nke bara oké uru. N'etiti ha, na-akwụ ụgwọ nke Gospel - a pụrụ iche mpempe ọrụ, nke welitere ihe oyiyi.

Ọ maara na ebe ịchụàjà ahụ a silver-gilt tiered sarcophagus erikpu iri kilogram. Mgbe ọ nọ na Chernigov na 1787 Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Catherine II nyere chọọchị oge ochie Katọlik cross na oche, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ oge ochie vestments.

Isi ihu arụsị ndị ahụ n'ebe a ruo mgbe 1917, bụ ihe ncheta nke Metropolitan Constantine na Prince Igor Olgovich. Ha e liri ndị temple mgbidi. Ke adianade do, ọ na-na-na-ncheta nke St. Theodosius na Uglich - Achịbishọp nke Chernigov, nke dina na-emeghe na a silver reliquary, erikpu banyere abụọ kilogram.

Ọ na-echekwa ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị asọpụrụ akara ngosi dị na Chernihiv region - Nne nke Chineke Ripkinskoy. Ma ndị kasị ama a na-ewere Protectress. N'oge Kievan rus a okpukpe Shinto na Holy Nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov me ka nwa-nwayi nke Eze Ukwu Constantine, nke lụrụ Prince Vsevolod. A mụrụ na nke a di na nwunye na Vladimir Monomakh na 1097 bụ gọvanọ Smolensk, ebe ọ wughachi ụlọ nsọ ahụ. Mgbe ọ gụchara ya, ọ kwagara akara ngosi si Chernigov. Ma ebe ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ọ wee malite ịkpọ Smolensk. Ọ bụ kwuru na n'ihi nke ya Batu Khan na 1239 enweghị ike iwere obodo ahu.

temple taa

N'oge nile ọ dị, nnwogha Katidral ke Chernigov, oge nke ọrụ nke taa mara niile parish, bụ ebe a na na na-asọpụrụ abụghị na mfe nkịtị Kraịst, ma ndị oké ozu, nke ezinụlọ eze na chịrị Russian Alaeze Ukwu, mgbe ya Ọdịdị bụ ka ọ bụ akụkụ nke Ukraine. The temple bụ nke na-echebe na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta. The ọmụmụ nke ya akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụkpụrụ ụlọ atụmatụ n'ihu wee rue na-adịbeghị anya. Ugbu a, ndị Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral bụ nti ma na-echebe site na steeti, bụ akụkụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme ogige akpọ "Ancient Chernihiv".