"Novice": akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe e kere eke nke uri

Na-arụ ọrụ nke Russian na-ede uri na-ede akwụkwọ ọgụgụ MY Lermontov uri dị ka a genre, nakwa dị ka isiokwu nke Caucasus ka mgbe nwere a pụrụ iche ebe. "Novice" - a ọrụ e dere na a tozuru okè afọ na embody kasị mma ahụmahụ nke na-ede akwụkwọ nke ihunanya, ọ bụghị naanị chant ebube ọdịdị nke ugwu na-kere onyinyo nke indomitable dike na nnwere onwe-ahụ n'anya.

Erughị ala akụkọ ihe mere eme nke abu "Mtsyri" Lermontov mgbe niile kpaliri mmasị n'etiti agụ akwụkwọ. Otú ahụ karị, n'ihi na ọ na-enyere aka ịghọta ibé ideals na omume nkwenkwe nke na-ede akwụkwọ. Ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, ọ ga-atụle a nkwupụta nke dike ụzọ nke na-ekwupụta echiche na-enwe olileanya, tomivshih na-ede uri na oge siri ike maka Russia.

Olee otú echiche nke "novice" uri

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e kere eke na-esite na ya na-eto eto Lermontov. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, ọ hapụrụ a dee, nke kwuru na ọ ga-achọ iji rara otu n'ime ndị o kere eke ndị ọgbọ tomivshemusya na ebe obibi ndị mọnk (ọ e jikọtara ya na ndị na-ede uri mkpọrọ) na nrọ nke nnwere onwe. Lermontov onwe ya dere, sị na ihe ndị kasị esiri ya na oge bụ oke nke ideals. Ka ha nọ na-apụghị ịghọta n'ụzọ zuru ezu omiiko ọdịdị nke na-ede akwụkwọ, ọrụ okpu. All na tụgharịa si dee (uri a 30 "Nkwupụta" na "Boyar Orsha"), na ọ bụghị ihe ọ rọrọ nke a nwa okorobịa.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "novice" nke uri Lermontov: A Ọgụgụ oge

Dike novice ama metụtara ihe oyiyi na mbụ ọrụ nke na-ede uri. uri "Nkwupụta" e dere na 1830. Ya ndabere bụ nwa Spaniard monologue nke-anọ nanị onye bụ na a ebe obibi ndị mọnk-nkpọrọ. The dike, onye ikpe ọnwụ, anaghị akwa ụta banyere ya akara. Kama nke ahụ, ọ na nnupụisi megide emegbu iwu na-egosi a njikere ọgụ ka ụmụ mmadụ n'anya. On ya akụkwa nrọ na-achụso ọ gwara ochie mọnk - a na-ama chepụtara ibé ndabere "novice."

A obere ka e mesịrị, ihe mere eme nke ihe e kere eke nke "novice" akụkọ ọkọkpọhi ya development. Ke ufọt ufọt 30s Lermontov dere ọzọ uri - "Boyar Orsha". The edinam na-ewe ebe ọ na egwu afọ nke ọchịchị Ivana Groznogo. Akụkọ ndụ nke protagonist Arseniy ozugbo ihe gosiri eke nke Spaniard, na ụfọdụ e nke ha ọkụ ọkụ okwu fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam ugboro ugboro. The ọhụrụ uri, akụkọ na-aghọ ihe mgbagwoju na-agụnye a mfe akụkọ ịhụnanya neschatnoy ohu na nwa nwaanyị nke a magburu onwe nobleman. Mgbe e mesịrị, isi echiche nke ndị a ọrụ (site ụzọ, Lermontov ha mgbe bipụtara) ga-ahụ okwu na akụkọ nke novice, na-enye ohere anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere ha kpọmkwem mmekọrịta.

N'ihi ya, o were ọtụtụ afọ tupu echiche nke okorobịa MY Lermontov gụnyere ke ọwọrọetop ihunanya akụkọ uri. Ya mere akụkọ nke e kere eke "novice" spanned ọtụtụ ọrụ afọ nke na-ede akwụkwọ.

Ejegharị ejegharị na Georgian Military Highway

The ọzọ kwalitere mmejuputa zubere maka a na-ede uri bụ onye mbụ njikọ. Na 1837, mu Lermontov, na-esonụ ka a ebe "mgbochi", na-agafe otu n'ime Kọkeshịan monasteries na Mtskheta (ka a na-akpọ mgbe ochie, bụ isi obodo Georgia). Ebe a na e nwere nzukọ na otu agadi onye mọnk, onye bụ ugbu a na otú ahụ na-akọ akụkọ nke e kere eke nke "novice." Lermontov, dị ka P. Viskovatov, mgbe mkparịta ụka ahụ, chere na nke ochie ya nrọ.

Lie (a na-akpọ Georgian ozi n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk) gwara mwute akụkọ nke ndụ ya. Otu mgbe, ọbụna a afọ isii nwata, ọ na-e mkpọrọ na e me na Russian general (dị ka Lermontov - Yermolov) na mpaghara a. Otu nke novices nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk Javari meghachi omume ọmịiko nwa na-ekpe ya n'ụlọ. Mkpọrọ na mbụ gbalịrị mkpesa, ọbụna malitere gbapụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ahụ biri na ọnwụ ya. Otú ọ dị, ka oge na-na ọ na-n'ụzọ zuru ezu gbara arụkwaghịm na ya akara aka na nọgidere ruo mgbe ebighị ebi-ebi n'etiti ndị mọnk. Ọ bụ akụkọ a sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ Lermontov dee akụkọ ọhụrụ nke nnwere onwe na-ahụ n'anya ma na-enupụ isi dike. Ya mere akara aka nke ochie Lie nsị na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "novice" uri ghọọ otu.

Na-arụ ọrụ na ngwaahịa

Alọta Caucasus, na-ede uri laghachi ochie ya atụmatụ na organically n'otu na ya na-anụ akụkọ. Anụ ọhịa na mara mma Kọkeshịan ọdịdị, ma ọ bụ kama na obi Javari Obibi, nke dị nso confluence nke abụọ dike osimiri Kura na Aragvi, bụ kasị mma ruru eru ka a ndabere (a njirimara ihunanya poems) maka mkpughe ihe. Chetara na Georgian akụkọ ifo ngwaahịa (atụ, akụkọ mgbe ochie nke anụ agụ owuru), nụrụ site Lermontov na aga njem na Caucasus. Ha na-impacted budata on uma novice. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke abu, otú ọzọ na ndị ọzọ kegide maara atụmatụ nke ndụ na Caucasus na onye amụta rifọrọ ọtụtụ nleta n'ebe ndị a. N'ihi ya, mara mma anya ederede mụrụ ihunanya uri: ya odide ẹnịm akara nke na-ede akwụkwọ ga-gosiri na ụbọchị nke ẹkụre: August 5, 1839. Na-esote afọ na-arụ ọrụ e bipụtara na a collection of poems nke na-ede uri.

The tọhapụ

History of e kere eke nke uri "Mtsyri" na-agụnye Aksakov akụkọ banyere otú, na May 1840 na-ede uri onwe agụ isiokwu bụ "The agha na a yiri agụ owuru" na edemede bụ onye ụbọchị ọmụmụ ọzọ, NV Gogol. Onye dere n'onwe ya no na party, kama na-ekwu na mbụ ọbịa n'ebe ahụ. Dị ka ya, ndị ọhụrụ "nwa" Lermontov e kelee na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-ewe iwe a na; omume.

Ndị ọzọ na-echeta nke imete ndị uri ekpe AN Ndanda. O dere na na 1839 gara Tsarskoye Selo, ebe n'oge ahụ a na-ede uri. Otu mgbede, ọ gara Lermontov, bụ onye na ihe obi ụtọ na steeti, na-agụ ya site na mmalite ịrụcha a ọhụrụ "magburu onwe" a uri na-akpọ "The novice."

Formation nke ibé bases

Nhazi-anụ akụkọ na-ejikọta ya na ideological tụụrụ ime ngwaahịa - bụkwa a akụkọ ihe mere eme nke "novice." Lermontov ozugbo abịa na aha. The draft nke a uri na-akpọ "Berry". Dị ka ọrụ ma embodiments okike imewe ọrụ nkụnye eji isi mee gbanwere. Okwu "Berry" na a translation n'ime Russian pụtara "mọnk". Ma Lermontov si dike bụghị ma gafere rite nke tonsure, n'ihi ya, ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị aha "novice." Ke adianade do, na Georgian asụsụ, na okwu a ọzọ pụtara - a na-amabughị, nwoke naanị, na-enweghị ndị ikwu na ndị enyi. Ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-akọwa isi agwa nke uri.

Call omiiko mkpụrụ obi

Destiny na-okenye nke Javari, ekwu na-ede uri, na umu-okorọbia si uri mepụtara dị iche iche - ọ bụ isi ihe na-ede akwụkwọ si obibia. Akpa enye gbara arụkwaghịm na ya akara aka, ma biri na ebe obibi ndị mọnk ruo mgbe agadi. A abụọ chọrọ n'ụzọ ọ bụla na-free. Na ya ọchịchọ ọ bụghị egwu ikwu okwu megide-amaghị ama, ma nke a na ya nso ụwa nke okike. Ọ bụ ihe nnọchianya nke free ndụ maka novice.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke uri na-agụnye a yiri mgbanwe nke ndụ nke na-eto eto mkpọrọ - onyinyo nke otu agadi nwoke na a kpebisikwuo ike mmụọ nke dike, onye a mụrụ na Caucasus.

Mere novice anwụ

uri mwute n'ikpeazụ. Novice, otú ọkụ n'obi chọta ịdị n'otu na uwa na-anwụ. N'okpuru iwu nke Ihunanya dike okụt ịdị n'otu na-ma bi na ya ruo ọtụtụ afọ na-ịchọrọ ya nke ọma mọnk, ma ọ bụ na eke ọcha nke okike. Novice mbụ ọbịa spirit. Nke ikpeazụ merie ndị mọnk agụmakwụkwọ nke dike.

Ntụpụta elo echiche "novice", akụkọ nke e kere eke nke uri na-atụ aro mmụọ nnupụisi nke na-ede uri, dịghị ekwe ya megharịa na soulless ikuku na akara ke Russia na 30s nke narị afọ nke 19. Ọ bụ ya nrọ ndị "a gigantic ọdịdị" na-achọ ịlụ agha na njikere ịga na ha ọchịchọ akwụsị.