Ọdịdị nke ahụ nwanyi omumu usoro: Mmebe, physiology

Na omenala nile nke ụwa amụba ọrụ nke ịmụ nwa, ọ na-atụle otu n'ime ndị isi. Nwoke na nwaanyị omumu usoro nwere a dị iche iche Ọdịdị, ma anamde a otu ọrụ: na-etolite mmekọahụ mkpụrụ ndụ - gametes, na confluence nke n'oge njikọta spam ga-ekwe omume ịzụlite ọdịnihu nke ahụ mmadụ. Isiokwu a na-ewepụtara ọmụmụ nke ihe owuwu ma na ọrụ nke nwanyi omumu usoro.

General e ji mara nwaanyị omumu akụkụ

Nke nne omumu usoro-agụnye mpụga na esịtidem mmekọahụ akụkụ, a makwaara dị ka omumu (reproducing).

Mpụga kenwe, a na-akpọ vulva, anya owụt zuru ezu - a pubis, nnukwu na obere labia, nwanyi ji anyu mmamiri ma ikpu (vaginitis), a mechiri emechi na-agbanwe Pleven, a na-akpọ na-amaghị nwoke. Ka anyị na-amụ mpụga akụkụ nke nwanyi omumu usoro na ihe zuru ezu.

Ọdịdị nke ahụ pubis

ala afo n'ogo nke pubis (pubic ọkpụkpụ) Nleta pubis. Ọkpụkpụ ya na anatomically ziri ezi ọnọdụ na-ekokwasị n'elu ọnụ ụzọ ikpu na nwere a na-ele nke njiko. Hibere pubis nwere valikoobraznuyu udi, akpụ ịrị elu. N'okpuru ya akpụkpọ a kpụrụ site a oyi akwa nke abụba. N'èzí ya na pubati kpụrụ ahịa ala isi. O nwere a doro anya kwụ ókè. Ọ bụrụ na a nwaanyị na-emepụta oké ichekwa androgens - nwoke mmekọahụ homonụ, ajị ahụ na-abawanye na adahade na nnukwu n'akuku ka otube. Pathology pubic ajị ahụ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mmekọahụ development.

Large na obere labia

Site pubis na ike abụọ folds akpụkpọ anụ - nnukwu labia nwere elu ajị ahụ gụnyere a oyi akwa nke subcutaneous abụba. Ndị a connective anụ ahụ bụ ducts nke Bartholin si gland. Ọ na-atanyekwa a ọmụmụ na moistens ndị nwanyị akụkụ. Bụrụ na nke mebiri ịdị ọcha na-emerụ microorganisms banye n'ime prostate anụ ahụ na-eme ka mbufụt n'ụdị na-egbu mgbu akàrà.

N'okpuru nnukwu labia bụ obere, biri-akpa na ọbara arịa na irighiri akwara. Na ha n'elu akụkụ nke ahụ ahụ na bụ homologous nwoke amụ - nwanyi ji anyu mmamiri. Ya ibu homonụ inhibit nwanyi omumu usoro - estrogens. Nwanyi ji anyu mmamiri nwere a ukwuu nke irighiri akwara na ọbara arịa, ma si otú a na-uche. Ọ bụrụ na a girl ma ọ bụ nwanyị na-nwanyi ji anyu mmamiri nha ukwuu ikpọ, ọ pụrụ ịbụ n'ụzọ doro anya ihe ịrịba ama nke mmiri ọgwụ abnormalities.

ikpu

Site na vulva, ma e wezụga pubis, nnukwu na obere labia, nwanyi ji anyu mmamiri ezo ikpu. Na a anya nke elu 2 sentimita si dị omimi hymen. Ọ mejupụtara connective anụ ahụ na nwere ọtụtụ oghere site na nke ọbara aga mgbe nanso.

The esịtidem omumu akụkụ nke a nwaanyị

Ndị a gụnyere ikpu (ikpu), akpanwa, ovary na eriri akpa nwa (fallopian) tube. All na-emi odude ke pelvic oghere. Ha ọrụ bụ na-enweta a ịmụpụta maturation na nwanyị gametes-àkwá n'ime akpanwa. Ọ ga-abụ site na zaigọtụ na nwa development.

Ọdịdị nke ikpu

Ikpu bụ ihe na-agbanwe tube, esịnede muscle na connective anụ ahụ. Ọ na-emi odude na Genital nchawa n'ebe akpanwa na nwere ogologo 8 na 10 cm. Emi odude ke obere pelvis, ikpu abatakwa cervix. Ọ nwere n'ihu ma n'azụ mgbidi, nakwa dị ka njiko - elu ikpu iche. The posterior fornix nke ikpu miri karịa n'ihu.

Ikpu na-angled na 90 degrees n'elu nke akpanwa onwe ya. N'ihi ya, esịtidem nwaanyị mmekọahụ akụkụ, nke na-agụnye ikpu, biri-akpa ọbara na venous arịa na akwara ozi. Ikpu iche mkpa connective mgbidi nke eriri afo. Ọ na-akpọ vesicovaginal septum. The ala nke azụ mgbidi nke ikpu ekewa si ala òkè nke colon perineal ahu.

Cervix: Ọdịdị na ọrụ

Ikpu abatakwa ọwa, na-akpọ cervical na-edebe onwe ya ogige - bụ elu ọnụ. Ya udi bụ dị iche iche si amụ nwa ma nulliparous inyom: ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụ nke na-ekwu-oval - akpanwa bụghị ime na nwa ebu n'afọ, na n'anya nke ọdịiche e ji mara ka ọ mụọ nwa. N'oké unpaired bụ akpanwa a oghere muscular ngwa, esịnede a ahu na a n'olu na ịbụ na obere pelvis. Ịtụle ihe owuwu nke omumu usoro nke nwanyị na ya ọrụ, ọ na-aghọ doro anya na ọ bụ maka na e guzobere na mmepe nke ẹmbrayo, nakwa dị ka usoro nke Ịchụpụ nke nwa ebu n'afọ dị ka a N'ihi nke oru. Ka anyị laghachi Ọdịdị nke ala nke ya ngalaba - n'olu. Ọ na-ejikọrọ na elu akụkụ nke ikpu na nwere a cone udi (nulliparous) ma ọ bụ cylinder. Mmamiri cervical òkè nwere ogologo elu atọ sentimita, na anatomically kewara n'ihu ma n'azụ egbugbere ọnụ. Cervix na wụsịrị gbanwee na afọ nke nwaanyị.

Inside na cervix bụ cervical kanaal, agwụcha n'ime akpịrị. Ọ lined na secretory glands na secrete imi. Bụrụ na nke mebiri ya ntọhapụ nwere ike ime mkpọchi na guzobe cysts. Slime nwere bactericidal Njirimara na-egbochi ọrịa nke eriri akpa nwa oghere. 4 6 ụbọchị tupu ntọhapụ nke ndị egg si ovary imi-aghọ obere lekwasị, otú ahụ spam nwere ike ngwa ngwa banye n'ime na site na ya n'ime akpanwa, na n'ebe ahu n'ime fallopian tube.

Mgbe ovulation cervical secretion enwekwu ya ịta, na ya Onyenwe anyị + na-ebelata si anọpụ iche na acidic. The ime akpanwa bụ kpam kpam mechiri emechi cervical imi clot na olu uzo. The ịhụ nsọ oge cervical kanaal emepe ubé sloughed endometrial oyi akwa nwere ike wepuÚ. Nke a nwere ike so igbu mgbu mgbu na afo. N'oge ọrụ na cervical kanaal nwere ike meghere ruo 10 cm n'obosara. Nke a na-eme ka ọmụmụ nke nwa.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị nkịtị ọrịa nke cervix nwere ike na-akpọ ya ozize. Ọ na-egosi dị ka a N'ihi ya nke mmebi nke mucous oyi akwa mere site na-efe efe ma ọ bụ trauma (ime, na-amụ nwa mgbagwoju anya). Oge na-adịghị kpughere na uncured ozize nwere ike ime ka mbufụt na ọbụna cancer.

fallopian akpa

Fallopian tube, a na-akpọ ka oviducts ma ọ bụ fallopian akpa ndị na-agbanwe akpa 2 ewekarị na abdominal uji eze na-abanye n'ime fundus. The free ihu oviduct nwere fimbriae (bụ Pili). Ha obi otiti na-enye ọganihu àkwá napụrụ ndị ovary n'ime lumen nke tube onwe ya. . Ogologo nke ọ bụla nke oviduct site na 10 ruo 12 cm Ọ na-ekewa ngalaba: a foneelu enwe ndọtị na-nyere na fimbriae, ihe ampoule, ihe dị warara, a ọwa òkè esịne ke eriri akpa nwa mgbidi. N'ihi na nkịtị mmepe nke afọ ime dị mkpa, dị a ọnọdụ dị ka a na patency nke oviducts, ma ọ bụghị na-atụ anya a nwaanyị infertility. Ndị kasị Ugboro pathologies nke fallopian akpa dị ka adhesions, salpingitis na hydrosalpinx.

All nke ọrịa ndị a na-eme ka Tubal infertility. Ha bụ nsogbu nke chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, Genital herpes, na-eme ibelata nke lumen nke fallopian akpa. Ugboro omume nke ite ime nwere ike kpasuo adhesions, nke na-ewekarị transversely ọjà. Mmiri ọgwụ ọrịa ime ka a gụnyere ya ná agagharị nke ciliated epithelium lining na fallopian akpa, nke na-eduga a na-arịa ọrịa nke egg moto Njirimara.

The kasị dị ize ndụ sikwuoro n'ihi anwụrụ pathologies - ectopic ime. Na nke a, na zaigọtụ na-kwụsịrị na oviduct, na-enweghị na-eru akpanwa. Ọ na-amalite na-eke na-eto eto, ndinyanade mbịne tube mgbidi, nke mechara nnukwu. N'ihi ya, e nwere ike ọbara ọgbụgba,-eyi ndụ egwu.

The ovaries nwanyi

Ha bụ nke uzuoku mmekọahụ gland na nwere a uka nke 6-8 grams. Ovaries bụ glands mbuaha secretion. Production nke mmekọahụ homonụ - estrogens, nke a na-achịkwa ndị pituitary gland na hypothalamus - na ọ bụ endocrine ọrụ. Ka exocrine gland, ha na-etolite izizi mkpụrụ ndụ - gametes akpọ àkwá. The Biochemical mejupụtara na usoro nke ihe nke estrogen ga-amụ site anyị mgbe e mesịrị. Alaghachi Ọdịdị nke nne gonads - ovaries. Buru n'uche na ihe owuwu nke omumu usoro nke nwanyi (na nwoke) na-na metụtara ndị urinary usoro.

Ọ bụ n'ihi na nke mesonephros (isi akụrụ) amalite stroma nwanyi gonads. The precursors nke àkwá - oogonia, na-kpụrụ si mesenchyme. The ovary bụ tunica albuginea, na n'okpuru abụọ n'ígwé: na cortex na medulla. The mbụ oyi akwa mejupụtara follicles, nke chara n'onwe, ụdị m na II oocytes bụ nke iji, na mgbe ahụ na-eto oocyte. Medulla gland mejupụtara connective anụ ahụ na-eme a naakwagide na trophic ọrụ. Ọ na-ewe ebe ke ovaries ovogenesis - usoro nke mmeputakwa, ibu, na maturation nke nwanyi omumu gametes - àkwá.

The specificity nke mmiri ọgwụ na-etoju ndị inyom

Ọdịdị nke ahụ omumu usoro nke nwanyi na nwoke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-achịkwa pụrụ iche biologically-arụ ọrụ bekee - homonụ. Ha na-emepụta site na gonads: testes na ndị ikom na ndị ovaries na nwanyi. Etinyewe na ọbara, ha na ezubere iche maka mmetụta ma mmepe nke omumu akụkụ, na guzobere nke abụọ mmekọahụ e ji mara: ahụ ntutu ibu, ara mmepe, ịdị elu na ụda olu. Mmepe nke nwanyi omumu usoro bụ n'okpuru nduzi nke estradiol na-eji ya emepụta: estriol na estrone. Ha na-emepụta pụrụ iche mkpụrụ ndụ nke ovary - follicles. Female homonụ - estrogen-edu ndú ka onye na-abawanye na olu na uru nke akpanwa, nakwa dị ka muscle contractions nke fallopian akpa na akpanwa onwe ya, mgbe ahụ, e nwere nkwadebe nke kenwe na doo nke a zaigọtụ.

Yellow eriri akpa nwa na-emepụta progesterone - a hormone na-akpali mmepe nke Plasenta - Plasenta, nakwa dị ka onye na-abawanye na glandular epithelium nke mammary glands n'oge ime. Mmiri ọgwụ ndabere nke nwanyi ahu na-eduga ná ọrịa ndị dị ka eriri akpa nwa fibroids, endometriosis, polycystic.

Akpụpụta atụmatụ nke a na nwanyị akpanwa

The omumu usoro nke nwanyi ahu na-emi esịnede a pụrụ iche na Ọdịdị na ọrụ nke ahu. Ọ na-emi odude ke pelvic oghere n'etiti eriri afo na ikensi, na nwere a oghere. Nke a, ahụ na-akpọ akpanwa. Iji ghọta usoro nke njikọta, cheta na omumu akụkụ - na ovaries na ndị inyom na-metụtara fallopian akpa. The egg-abanye oviduct, mgbe ahụ, penetrates n'ime akpanwa, nke bụ ahụ maka mmepe nke ẹmbrayo (embryogenesis). Ọ mejupụtara atọ akụkụ: n'olu, nke a na-amụ na mbụ, nakwa dị ka ahu na ala. eriri akpa nwa ahu nwere ụdị ihe abịazi nọdụ ube, nke na ikpọ òkè-agụnye abụọ fallopian akpa.

Genital ngwa na-ntekwasa na a connective anụ ahụ n'ọbọ na nwere ihe abụọ n'ígwé: muscle (myometrium) na mucous (endometrium). Ikpeazụ wuru nke ewepụghị sel columnar epithelium. Endometrium agbanwe ya oyi akwa ọkpụrụkpụ: Ovulation ya na esi ike, ma, ọ bụrụ na njikọta spam ya emebeghị - edo na-efopụ na ọbara òkè nke mgbidi nke akpanwa - ịhụ nsọ pụtara. N'oge ime, ego na size nke akpanwa na-ike na ụba (ihe dị 8-10raz). The pelvic oghere akpanwa na-kwụsịtụrụ na atọ braided akwara na oké netwọk nke irighiri akwara na ọbara arịa. Ya isi ọrụ - mmepe nke ẹmbrayo na fitọs na nri ruo mgbe n'ahụ nwa.

eriri akpa nwa daa ọrịa

Ọdịdị nke ahụ nwanyi omumu usoro nwere ike ọ bụghị mgbe niile zuru okè na n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị na-arụ ọrụ. Otu nke abnormalities nke omumu usoro, metụtara na Ọdịdị nke omumu ngwa, ike nwere mpi abụọ akpanwa. Ọ nwere ihe abụọ ozu, ọ bụla nke a na-ejikọta ya na otu oviduct. Ọ bụrụ na ndị daa ọrịa nke nwanyi omumu usoro-abịa Ọdịdị nke ahụ endometrium, asị hypoplasia na aplasia nke akpanwa. Ihe nke ihe nile n'elu-e kwuru pathologies bụ nchupu nke afọ ime ma ọ bụ infertility.

Na nke a akwụkwọ anyị nyochaworo na anatomical na n'ahụ ji mara nwaanyị omumu usoro.