Satellite nke Mars - atụ egwu?

Mars, chi na-agba aha agha, nwere Satellites na kwesịrị ekwesị aha: Deimos (na translation - "egwu") na Phobos ( "egwu"). Nke otu mmasị bụ ndị mbụ satellite nke Mars, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-mmasị karịsịa 70 s nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. Echiche tinye n'ihu banyere mbido nke akpụ, kwesịrị, ọ dịkarịa ala, a mkpa n'akwụkwọ "a la akụkọ ifo"). Na-ekpe ikpe maka onwe gị ...

Space okirikiri na US na mbụ Soviet Union ẹdọhọ ke Phobos, satellite nke Mars, bụ ihe ọzọ karịa ka keakamere ihe, ohere agha ọdụ, hovering n'elu a nwụrụ anwụ red planet, dị ka a egwu na-echetara nke ugboro mere ohere agha.

The aro e tinye n'ihu mgbe mbụ ọmụmụ nke Phobos n'otu oge, ke 70 American research unit n'okpuru aha "Viking". Na nwetara oyiyi nke uche na ọ dịghị onye na-akwụ ụgwọ. Mgbe mbụ m na-akwụghị ... Gịnị mmasị nwere ike chee na akpụ akụrụngwa n'obosara naanị 28 km? Dị gallakticheskim ụkpụrụ a satellite nke Mars bụ naanị a puku nke a ọka nke ájá. Ma mgbe ọzọ zuru ezu na-amụ na-emeghe akụkụ, nke mere ka anya n'etiti mmadụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị. Amachi foto mkpebi ekwe ka tụlee ... a yinye craters. Ọzọkwa, yinye agbatị na abụọ mma n'anya, guzozie e. -Enyocha mbara igwe kwuru na mbụ a mgbawa ugwu ahụ, na-ehota ihe atụ nke ọnwa. Satellites, dị ka ha na ozizi, craters edoghi ịgbatị ukem orbits nke mbara ala. Ma Phobos echiche gbaghara haa, site ya craters na-emi odude fọrọ nke nta perpendicular na ụgbọ elu ụzọ nke satellite.

Otu mma Ozizi dochie ọzọ. First kpebiri na satellite bụ omume mgbawa ugwu ahụ, ma nke a yighị: Phobos nha negligible! Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-esonụ echiche: na satellite a jụrụ site meteorites. Ma dọtara ihe ike ha na-na-ada ka neatly, akpụ rovnenkie yinye?

Satellite nke Mars sere uche nke Iosifa Shklovskogo, Soviet astrophysicist, onye kpebiri iji mepụta mgbawa nke Phobos ngagharị. Ọ bụ kwa ngwa ngwa, a ọsọ a ụbọchị - atọ zuru ibe ya orbit! ya adiana ọsọ bụ nnọọ elu karịa ọnụego nke Mars. Ndị na-esonụ echiche abụghị obere egwu: ịnọgide na-enwe a elu na-agba Phobos ... kwesịrị oghere. Ọ bụ na ọ bụ n'ezie a ohere ojii?

Ugbua na uzo nke 90s, a conjecture e kewara na Air Force Colonel Marina Popovich. Kwere na Phobos - wuru satellite, ọ manyere ozugbo nkewa data site na ngwaọrụ "Phobos-2", nke Soviet Union. Ịhụ ndị a data ndị nnọọ ike - nkwurịta okwu nyeere ya na di ya Paul.

Ugbu a mmadụ ole na ole na-echeta na igba egbe nke ngwaọrụ abụọ na yiri aha "Phobos-1" analọg "Phobos-2". Nke mbụ bụ na-fega Mars n'ihi ihe mberede, mgbe nke abụọ ruru ihe mgbaru ọsọ, ma n'ihu rapprochement na satellite njikọ mberede etre. Otú ọ dị, a ole na ole oyiyi na-niile jisiri. Otu foto e mere n'ihu ọha site na mgbasa ozi na ghọrọ nkịtị onwunwe. Ọ bụ doro anya na anya elliptical onyinyo igba na elu nke Mars. E nwere ihe ọtụtụ ndị chere na ọ bụ nnọọ Phobos, Mars satellite. Ma okwu "onyinyo" mere ka ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara na-enwe obi abụọ ọnụ ọchị, n'ihi na onyinyo bụ n'ụzọ zuru okè distinguishable site ihe infrared igwefoto dị na ngwaọrụ. Ọ e debere weghara ọnụnọ nke thermal akpọkwa. Ma, site na definition, a na-ekpo ọkụ ndo nnọọ ike ịbụ. Mgbe ahụ gịnị ka ọ bụ?

Ma nke abụọ (nzuzo) oyiyi e nwetara tupu njikọ ọnwụ. Ọ bụ a na foto nke a ibu cylindrical ihe nghọta si n'elu Phobos. Akụkụ n'ezie emenye: 1.5 km n'obosara, 20 km ogologo! Marina Popovich chere ihe ihe e bibiri, "Phobos-2", iji gbochie ekwe omume nke satellite ọmụmụ. Ọ mere na nnọọ oge mgbe ígwè e tọgharịa gauges n'elu Phobos.

Ọzọ nkwenye nke eziokwu ahụ bụ na onye na-nọgidere na-emetụtakarị na-amụ, ọ bụ na 1993. N'ihi ihe ụfọdụ, na August 22 nke afọ ahụ, na mberede kwụsịrị Broadcasting na ndị ọzọ, na-American ngwa "Mars Observer", nke e odude ke orbit nke mbara ala Mars. Satellites adịghị mụọ.

Ọ biri na odida, na afọ gara aga na-anwa iji malite "Phobos-ikwo wkwo".

Ikekwe cross weputa oge iji mee nnyocha. Ma, e nwere olileanya maka a ala-mmefu ego NASA si "Mars Global Surveyor" na "Mars Atfaynder" na-eme ka zuru ezu map nke Mars. Otú ọ dị, ha malite ịmụ Phobos. Gịnị ka ọ bụ? Superstition? Ma ọ bụ na United States nwere ozi na-amanye ezere si nnyocha?

E nwere ndị ọzọ nsụgharị nke si malite Satellites: Phobos na Deimos nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi a w ọdachi. Asteroids n'ụzọ ụfọdụ dara n'ime orbit nke Mars na nọgidere na a ndọda ubi. Ma ọ bụ eleghị anya, Phobos bụ akụkụ nke Mars? Ma iji aka dịkarịa ala otu nke ọhụrụ nsụgharị, ọ dị mkpa ka ihichapụ ihe niile gara aga nsụgharị nke data na ...