Semenovskaya matryoshka: ihe mere eme, nkọwa na mbinye aka. Semenov nwe-ese nesting nwa bebi 1600

Semenovskaya matryoshka - nụrụ aha nke a ọrụ nkà, niile na-echeta home of Khokhloma sere, nwe bushes, nkà nke osisi a tụrụ atụ. Ná mmalite matryoshka bụghị nke mbụ niile nna ukwu, ma ruo mgbe ebighị ebi emehe ndiife crafts obodo Semenov nke Nizhny Novgorod mpaghara. Toy dị iche mara mma na pụrụ iche na agba.

Semenovskaya matryoshka - otu n'ime ndị kasị pụrụ iche na ndị a kasị mara ihe nnọchianya nke Russia. Ọ pụtara a na ncheta na njedebe nke XIX na narị afọ, mgbe mba akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọtụtụ ihe agbanwewo radically, na-agbanwe omenala nke ndị Russia. Ọ na-blooming oge nke "Slavic style" n'oge a. The eto eto nwere mmasị na ọhụrụ ezi nkà, Otú ọ dị, di ndu ochie crafts.

Gịnị bụ a nesting nwa bebi?

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbalị inye a definition nke a ji egwuri egwu, ọ ga-ekwu ihe dị ka: Matryoshka - Russian osisi nwa bebi, n'ime nke na-agbakwunyere dị ka ya, si dị iche na onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-aba na sere, dị ka matryoshka nwa bebi.

The mbụ dị otú ahụ egwuri egwu, na-mere nke osisi e gosiri ndị mmadụ n'ụdị asatọ interlaces ụmụ agbọghọ - ụmụ nwoke, bụ ndị nọ na-n'aka-ha nwa n'ike mmụọ nsọ na otú obere tsyplyatok, na ndị ikpeazụ otu, ndị kasị nta, e mere n'ụdị a swaddled nwa. All asatọ nwa bebi na-ese na-egbuke egbuke acha ágbá na ndiife motifs. M bee mbụ matryoshka Master Toy VP Zvezdochkin na-ese site na SV Malyutin.

History nke e kere eke

Ịmepụta ọrụ nkà na "ndị dị iche style", a maara nke ọma nka, cabinetmakers, mgbe goro ọrụ were a sample nke ndị ọzọ ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu. E nwere a ejiji niile Japanese, n'ihi na ụdị nke Oriental art oku na oge nke kasị ukwuu mmasị. Mgbe ahụ, ọ nọ na-ada ka anyị na ala progenitor nke Russian nesting nwa bebi.

Site na Japanese obodo nke Honshu e me akpụ nke a Buddha sage - Fukurumu n'ime nke ọtụtụ nke otu, naanị nta size e nyekwara. Kasị akpali bụ na a na mbụ ọrụ nkà pịrị a Russian mọnk, n'ụzọ ọrụ ebube na-ejide n'àgwàetiti nke Japan.

Dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme, Semyonov matryoshka, onye mere eme na-amalite narị afọ nke 19, e kere n'oyiyi nke Fukurumu, ọ bụ ọdịdị ya na-a nlereanya ka Russian ụmụaka.

atụ

Semenovskaya matryoshka - a nnọchiteanya nke nne, ike na ahụ ike nwaanyị. The nwa bebi, nke na-eburu ezinụlọ ahụ dum, bụkwa ihe nnọchianya nke ọmụmụ.

Female - nne na nna, Homemakers. Nne na-arụ ọrụ ike iji lekọta ụmụ, na-elekọta ha ihe oriri, n'ihi na ọ dị mkpa ike aka na ahụ ike, nke mere na Semyonov nesting nwa bebi anya nke ọma-eriju afọ ma blooming.

Kpara akwụ nwa bebi na-anọchi ike ezinụlọ, nkwado ime mmụọ na-anọ anyị nso.

Mere aha "matryoshka"

Kọwaa aha Russian ụmụaka nwere ike site n'inyocha niile ndị na-esonụ. Matryoshka, Matrona, Matryosha - mgbọrọgwụ nke okwu bụ nke Latin malite. Mater Latin n'ụzọ nkịtị sụgharịta ka "nne", ọ bụ na-akpali na ndị ọzọ ihe okwu adịghị.

Matryoshka - a emepụta nke aha Mary, Manya, Marie. Nke a bụ a n'ọtụtụ ebe na aha maka ndị Slav mgbe niile.

Matryoshka - aha nke Buddha chi nwaanyị Matri.

Ebighị Ebi n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme nke

Mgbe World ngosi na Paris na 1900 Russian matryoshka merie eluigwe na ala nnabata, mgbe nke ya mmepụta we rigo n'ugwu, dị ka ina amụbawo ọtụtụ ugboro. Na Semenov - a obodo nke osisi na ngwaahịa - malitere ime ọhụrụ ncheta. Semenovskaya matryoshka, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe e kere eke nke malitere nnọọ, aghọwo ndị kasị ewu ewu, dị ka obodo omenkà nwere mfe nakweere ahụmahụ n'ichepụta osisi ji egwuri egwu, ha zuo ndị technology mee na-egbuke egbuke na agba maka sere.

Ná mmalite, nna ukwu ahụ ikwo ihe, na mgbe ahụ na-ese nwa bebi n'ụlọ, mgbe na uloru, na mgbe e mesịrị malitere ịrụ ọrụ na mmepụta, na-emezu nnukwu iwu.

Semenov akpọ "isi obodo Lozhkarev" Russia na nesting nwa bebi ndị na akpa ebe na mmepụta nke osisi ngwaahịa. Ha na-mere si n'efu nke spoons mere. N'ime oge ahụ, n'ịkpa si suburban nwe ahụmahụ n'ichepụta Russian kpara akwụ nwa bebi, obodo omenkà mere e ji mara ha atụmatụ ke ndise Semyonov nesting nwa bebi. The oyiyi nke a na-egbuke egbuke toy aghọ recognizable, ọ na-inweta ewu ewu bụghị naanị na Russia kamakwa ná mba ọzọ.

Birth of ji egwuri egwu

A mụrụ mbụ Semyonov nesting nwa bebi, nke na-agwa akụkọ nke e kere eke na isiokwu dị na Semenov district n'ime obodo nke Old kwere ekwe - Merinova Nizhny Novgorod mpaghara. Ọtụtụ ndị bi na Merinova akwụ mgbe ere osisi arịa, kemwepu igbe nke dị iche iche shapes, mepụtara maka ahia outlandish mbịne ji egwuri egwu, na mgbe ahụ kpara akwụ nwa bebi.

Ugbua na 1929, ndị nesting nwa bebi na-arụpụtara ke echesinụ Semenovskiy style - na a pụrụ iche sere, na a akpan akpan ụdị, n'ụzọ Zavolzhsky osisi art. The mbụ nwe-Toy, bụ ndị mere ka ndị a nwa bebi ndị Vaginas ochie merinovskie omenkà. Mbụ ha nwa bebi e mere na nlereanya nke otu egwuri egwu nke Nizhny Novgorod - bearded okenye na mustaches ee.

Ọzọ merinovsky nwe - Toy Mayorov, ada n'ebe ahụ nwa bebi si Nizhny Novgorod, naanị nke ahụ bụ ihe efu shei, ma n'ime ma n'èzí. The ada nke ukwu na-ese nwa bebi na ya onwe ya n'akụkụ ya na Russian sundress na-egbuke egbuke red okooko osisi na onu ogbom, "yi" isi ya na-egbuke egbuke kokoshnik. Na na ese na-merinovski nwa bebi, nke ọma, ọnụ na merinovskoy sere pụtara ma a pụrụ iche nke a ji egwuri egwu. N'ihi ya mụrụ onu Semyonov nesting nwa bebi.

Ọnụ na ha, Semenov Mike a ukwuu nke ndị ọzọ ji osisi ntụrụndụ. Artists ese ha niile na otu style Khokhloma sere. Drawings n'elu osisi ngwaahịa ndị ibido bụ ndị dị mfe, ma n'ikpeazụ, ịchọ mma jupụta na-egbuke egbuke agba, ihe mgbagwoju ọcha, kwukwara ihe akwukwo nri nakawa etu esi. Semenovskaya osisi matryoshka ghọrọ nnọọ mara mma ma na yi.

Dị ka mere nesting nwa bebi

Matryoshka - bebi bụ oghere n'ime. Ugbua ọ na-eme ị na-eche banyere oké nkà nke omenkà, ọ na-eme. Kpara akwụ nwa bebi ahịa bụ nnọọ ike, na-achọ ihe dị ukwuu nke nkà na ndidi. Ọ bụghị ọ bụla ụdị osisi adabara n'ichepụta, otú oke nke osisi ukwu kpọrọ ihe nke ukwuu. Ọtụtụ mgbe na-eji nkume dị ka birch, Linden, Aspen, mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ bụ alder. A osisi na-egbutu ke mbubreyo oyi ma ọ bụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi. Họrọ a ezigbo gbọmgbọm, enweghị mara akpụ, nke na-ahụ kwọbiri n'ime ọtụtụ ndekọ, wee wepụ n'ụgbụgbọ osisi agaghị ịgbawa mgbe akọrọ, n'ọnụ na-tee ya na ụrọ. Mgbe a nchekwa osisi na a mma-ventilated ụlọ maka a ogologo oge ọ na-mịrị amị, ma ọ bụghị desiccate. "Osisi yiri mgbaaka - na ọ bụ ihe dị anyị mkpa!" - kwuru, nna ukwu, na ọbụna achọpụtazi ya maka isi. Ezi na nkà mmegharị ọ atakwa ikikere ezi udi nke ngwaahịa, ata akpa matryoshka na-eme ka ndị kasị nta. Emechara machined ọgụgụ sanded, primed na-egbu maramara. Ọ bụ mgbe ahụ na-amalite agba elu elu, iji gouache, watercolor, acrylic ma ọ bụ mmanụ ágbá.

Magburu mma sere

Semenov ese nesting nwa bebi mere ke ọwọrọetop Semenovskiy Khokhloma style mee ajụ ihe na motifs oge ochie Russia. Na mpụga ji achọ ọcha akpọ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepụta nke ncheta.

The mbụ nwa bebi e mere nwoke onye oru ugbo umu ntakiri, ka na-adịghị okomoko ese ihe nakawa etu esi. Na a mụwo ọgazị nku nka etinyere na contours nke ihu na uwe, na mgbe ahụ niile ndị ọcha na-ese na aniline dyes na-egbuke egbuke shades nke-acha uhie uhie, acha uhie uhie, acha anụnụ anụnụ, green na-acha odo odo na agba. Ndabere Semyonov kpara akwụ nwa bebi sere - nnukwu na-egbuke egbuke na agba, topped na pock, okirikiri, ụta, obere okooko osisi. N'elu-ese matreshkas etinyere oyi akwa nke wax, lacquer e mesịrị na-eji.

Nke a metụtara omenala nesting nwa bebi Semenov, mgbe oge na-aga malitere iputa ncheta nwa bebi na fashionable "Russian style", onye silhouettes jupụtara akụkọ ihe mere eme mmadụ ( "Taras Bulba", "Napoleon", "Kutuzov"). Ọtụtụ mgbe na-eche ihu nesting nwa bebi ghọrọ ama mmadụ nke ndi-eze nke ezinụlọ ( "The Romanov ezinụlọ"), na boyars, ndị dere ( "Gogol", "Pushkin", "Nku") na ndị dike nke ha akụkọ na ifo ( "The tonip", "Gingerbread").

Folk nketa nke mba

N'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị Semenov kpara akwụ nwa bebi art ghọrọ a butere n'aka ihe. Semenov ụlọ ahịa, toy lace ma na-erubere n'otu factory. Na 1954, e nwere a na nkwonkwo ekwenye "Toy", nke e reorganized n'ime a factory ugbua na afọ 1960. Site na nke a mgbe on bụ mmepụta nke multi-nesting nwa bebi, nwa bebi na-mere si 18, 25 kpara akwụ nwa bebi. Ọtụtụ-kpara akwụ nwa bebi e mere na ndị kasị ama ihe na nnukwu ụbọchị.

Semenov nwe-ese nesting nwa bebi 1600

Unique sere Semyonov matryoshka hụrụ ta. Original ncheta "Semenovskaya egosipụta" factory ijuanya ya agwaogwa. Nso nso Semenov nwe-ese na 1600 nke nwa bebi, ma ha adịghị akwụsị. Dị ka a ncheta, a toy ka mgbe niile na ga-abụ ihe magburu onwe ya ugbu a na ókèala nke mba anyị, na ná mba ọzọ. Nke a na-egosi na mba ewu ewu na nke Russian nesting nwa bebi.