Sofya Romanova: biography, na-akpali eziokwu

Ada Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Sofya Romanova mụrụ September 27, 1657. Ọ bụ nke isii nwa ezinụlọ eze. Nne-ya, Maria Miloslavskaya, bụ onye mbụ na nwunye nke Alexei na nne nke eze Fyodor III na Ivan V. Will Sofya Romanova ọnọdụ, nakwa dị ka ụmụnna, ghọrọ onye na-achị - akpa ebe ọ bụ na Princess Olga na X narị afọ.

ụdị onye

Educator Sophia Alekseevna bụ a ọkà mmụta okpukpe Simeon nke Polotsk - otu n'ime ndị kasị gụrụ akwụkwọ Russian ndị mmadụ nke oge ahụ. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na dịkọrọ ndụ weere a adaeze egbuke egbuke ma na nwoke nwere ọgụgụ isi.

Na Moscow State na omenala, dị ka nke eze nwaanyị ndị dị nnọọ onwe ndụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị eze na-alụ di. Alụmdi na Nwunye na compatriots (ọbụna na Boyar) e weere na-ekwesịghị ekwesị na agbamakwụkwọ na ndị nnọchiteanya nke European n'ọzọ bụ-agaghị ekwe omume n'ihi na nke okpukpe dị iche iche. Sophia Alekseevna nwekwara enweghị a na nwunye. Ma, na-aghọ a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọnụ ọgụgụ, ọ nyawara ẹdude anụ ụlọ ọdịnala ada nke ndị inyom nke eze ọbara ka a ọha ubi.

dynastic nsogbu

Alexei Mikhailovich nwere ọtụtụ ụmụ, ma ọ fọrọ nke nta ha niile dị iche ogbenye ike. The eze enwetela abụọ kasị okenye na ụmụ ya. Anwụ 1676, eze mere ya onye-nketa nke atọ nwa, Fyodor, onye ghọrọ Fyodor III. Nwa okorobịa a bụ na-egbu mgbu. Enye ama akpa ke 1682 mgbe ọ dị afọ 20.

Care nwa eze ndụ anana-a dynastic nsogbu. E a ajụjụ nke a nọchiri. Mgbe ihe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị idaha na pụtara Sofya Romanova. Fedor, iche site a ole na ole ndị nwanyị abụọ tọrọ ụmụnna: John na Peter. Eze nwụrụ n'amụtaghị nwa, ike ga-ebe ụfọdụ n'ime ha.

Ivan bụ okenye, ma ya na-emebi emebi ahụ ike na-ewelite ọtụtụ ajụjụ. Jr., Peter, na Kama nke ahụ, e ji agbọghọbịa, ọdịmma na bụghị ụmụ uche. Ke adianade do, ndi-isi bụ ụmụ nke dị iche iche nwunye Alexis. Ivan bụ nne Maria Miloslavskaya, nne nke Peter - Natalia Naryshkin. Behind Akwadoo ha na-anọchi mere ikwu si boyars 'ezinụlọ.

regent

Oddly ezu, ma a ikwere ọgụgụ maka Moscow J.Randall bụ Sofia Romanov biography nke na-egosi, o nwere ike ma na-enwe ike oha. Na 1682, mgbe ọnwụ nke Feodor III of, na isi obodo, e nwere otu ntịme musketeers - agha, kpụrụ ndabere nke a mgbe nile Russian agha n'oge ahụ.

Army kwadoro MILOSLAVSKAYA, megidere candidacy nke Peter. Sagittarians Naryshkins ebubo na igbu ọchụ nke Ivan na wakpoo ndị eze. Gburu ọtụtụ boyars, onye nēguzo n'akụkụ Peter, gụnyere ya "nlekọta" Artamon Matveev. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a njikere aka agha ma ama enyịme na eziokwu na ma ụmụnna ga-achị ọnụ.

Ma, ọbụna nke a ikwere na-kagbuo ha bụ nwata. Mgbe ndị a ma ama kpebiri na nke kacha mma ga-abụ regent Sofya Romanova. Biography nwa Alexei Mikhailovich asatọ niile ndị òtù nke Moscow J.Randall, na June 1682 ọ ghọrọ Eze Nwanyị Ukwu na nwanne ya nke nta.

The n'aka nri nke Sophia

Tupu Russian njedebe nke Asaa narị afọ e nwere ọtụtụ oké njọ esịtidem na mpụga nsogbu. Ha na-ebu niile osisi Sophia. Romanov nwere bukwanu ike, ma emewo mkpebi dabere na ndụmọdụ nke kasị amasị ya. Ezigbo ndụmọdụ adaeze bụ onyenwe na diplomaati Prince Vasily Golitsyn. Eze, o jere ozi dị ka onyeisi nke Nnọchiteanya nke iji (na analogue nke Ministry of Foreign Affairs).

"12 isiokwu bụ"

Ihe nketa nke Sophia nna nwetara a nsogbu Orthodox okpukpe ubahade. Church mgbanwe e rụrụ n'okpuru Tsar Alexis na Onyeisi Nikon. Gbanwee ụfọdụ omenala nkwenkwe na ememe mere na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ndị na-eguzogide nke ọha mmadụ. Ndị na-adịghị chọrọ ịnabata ọhụrụ, ebubo na heresy.

Sophia Alekseevna Romanov, onye na-achị bụ a ezi uche n'ihu nke ọbubu-eze nke nna-ya, na-akwado ndị bụbu repressive atumatu megide dissenters. Na 1685, adaeze were na-akpọ "12 isiokwu". Na nke a iwu e codified ntaramahụhụ na ikwu na Old kwere ekwe. Kwere igbu, ịta ahụhụ, ịtụ mkpọrọ n'ime mgbidi nke ebe obibi, siizi onwunwe.

Nkuchi nke "12 isiokwu bụ" emewo ka ihe Ọpụpụ nke dissenters si Moscow na ndị ọzọ na nnukwu obodo nke Russian ala. Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere Lev Gumilyov, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-eme nnyocha kweere na iwu bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị njọ na ihe ndị mere Russian obodo ntaramahụhụ iwu. -Akpali mmasị, n'afọ nke Louis nke Iri na Anọ na n'otu oge ahụ na Sophia kagbuo na France Iwu Nantes, hapụrụ okpukpe ndidi kwupụta Protestant.

Udo ebighị ebi na Poland

Ọbụna mgbe Alexis Russia na-alụ agha na Poland. The agha ahụ biri na afọ 1667, ma ọtụtụ territorial esemokwu na e dechara. Diplomatic ngwọta nsogbu a were Sophia Alekseevna Romanov. N'oge ọchịchị nke regent-abịa mgbe a oge mgbe ma mba ndị nwere mmasị na mkpebi nke ogologo-eguzo nghọtahie. Megide a ndabere, na Moscow mgbe Rzeczpospolita bịarutere.

Ọkpụkpụ esemokwu nọgidere Hetman - ala nke Cossacks na Ukraine. Gburugburu region na edemede eneni. Mgbe ogologo mkparita uka na 1686 e o kwubiri udo ebighị ebi. Dị ka ya, Poland ghọtara maka Russia Kiev, dum Left-Bank Ukraine, Zaporizhzhya, Chernigov, Starodub na Smolensk. N'ọnọdụ, Moscow kwụọ 146 puku rubles, nye nkwenye ha isonye na nkwonkwo European agha megide Turkey, nke egwu Rzeczpospolita si n'ebe ndịda. Warsaw nọgidere Volhynia na Galicia, nakwa dị ka na-ekwe nkwa ikike nke ya Orthodox achị.

Crimea mkpọsa

A kpọmkwem ná Ndu Ebigh-Peace na Poland bụ nzukọ nke Russian Crimea mkpọsa megide Ottoman Alaeze Ukwu na ya nọ n'okpuru Crimea Khan. E nwere ihe abụọ na mkpọsa. Ma duru Vasily Golitsyn. Oge akara aka nke Chief nke Sofia akwado Romanov. Brief biography nke diplomaati yiri kacha adabara adaeze.

Na 1687, ndị 100,000th Russian agha wee na a na njem. Crimea Tatars mụnye ọkụ steppe, ukwuu siere ndụ nke ndị agha. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị isi agha Golitsyn meriri. Otú ọ dị, na-eme na nri ka iyi tojubigara ókè detachment ọchịagha Gregory Kosagova Ochakov jide na-echi ọnụ n'ala Bugeac horde.

Nke abụọ Crimea mkpọsa malitere na 1689. Golitsyn ruru Perekop, ma ọ bụghị ya, na laghachi azụ. Prince kọwara ya mkpebi ịdọrọ ọhụrụ ụkọ mmiri. N'ihi ya, Crimea hikes kpọbabeghị ọ bụla gbara ọkpụrụkpụ uru Russia. Otú ọ dị, ha amụbawo Moscow na ugwu n'anya Western Europe, nke Turkey bụ isi iro ka yie udo na iji nke dum Christian mmepeanya.

Relations na China

Diplomacy Sophia emetụ bụghị nanị European n'isi obodo, kamakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ala nke mba. All na Asaa narị afọ Russian colonists (karịsịa Cossacks) soro n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ruo mgbe ha ruru Chinese ókè. N'ihi na a ogologo oge mmekọrịta Qing Dynasty abụghị usoro ọ bụla akwụkwọ.

Isi nsogbu bụ na mba abụọ chie kwetara na ha ókè, n'ihi na mgbe niile nwere esemokwu na n'akụkụ ebe. Russian, chọrọ kwesịrị ekwesị ala ugbo, biri na Amur region, nke nwekwara jupụtara aji. Otú ọ dị, na mpaghara a bụ na mpaghara nke mmetụta nke Qing Alaeze Ukwu. The apogee nke esemokwu na-achị mba malitere nnọchibido Chinese Russian eche nche Albazin na 1685.

Maka normalisation nke mmekọahụ ya n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ onye agbata obi na Trans-Baikal region zipụ ozi ọrụ nnọchite anya obodo, nke na-haziri Sophia Alekseevna Romanov. Results nke adaeze nke Board n'ozuzu ha mma, ma nke a merenụ na China aghọwo onye wetara ọrịa strok na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke regency. Qing Dynasty mere na aka n'ime nkwekọrịta bụ nnọọ disadvantageous maka Moscow. Russia e napụ ya Far Eastern na mpaghara, Amur mpaghara, nakwa dị ka ebe e wusiri ike Albazin. Ókè na China e mere na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Argun River. The akwụkwọ e banyere Nerchinsk bịara mara dị ka Nerchensky nkwekọrịta. Ya edinam kwụsịrị nanị n'etiti ndị XIX narị afọ.

ọnwụ nke ike

The ike ka nke regency nke Sophia ike-adịru ebighị ebi. Peter na-eto nwayọọ nwayọọ, na mee elu mee ma ọ bụ mgbe e mesịrị nwanne ya nwaanyị ga-enye ya ike. The abụọ nwanne - Ivan na-adịghị ike - na n'agbanyeghị na ya elu ọnọdụ ọ bụla nọọrọ onwe ha ọrụ na-egwuri. Dị ka omenala ndị oge, Peter akpatre ghọrọ onye okenye mgbe ọ lụrụ nwa-nwayi a nobleman Evdokia Lopukhina. Otú ọ dị, Sophia Alekseevna Romanova, a nkenke biography nke na-egosi ya dị ka a ike-agụụ na-agụ nwaanyị bụ na a ọsọ ọsọ nye ụzọ a kasị ọnọdụ nwanne ya nke nta.

Na afọ ole na ole regency adaeze gburugburu onwe ya na ezi ndị. Military ndú, gụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke-uta nwetara ọkwá ha n'ihi na nke Sophia na-akwado naanị site na ya na-ekwu. Peter nọgidere na-adị na suburban obodo nwoghara, na ya na enyi na Kremlin ghọrọ esiwanye ọjọọ.

The naanị ike na ike ịdabere na-eme n'ọdịnihu eze ukwu bụ ya na-atọ ọchị ndị agha ya. Ndị a regiments kpụrụ n'elu ọtụtụ afọ. Na mbụ, onye-isi nanị amused agha iri oriri, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ agha ya ghọrọ a egwu ike. Na August 1689, na-akwado sị Pita na ọ na-akwadebe ihe agha. The nwa okorobịa gbabara Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius Obibi. Nke nta nke nta ya site na iwu na diplọma, merie n'elu musketeers, na Sophia nọgidere na Moscow na-akpa iche.

Life na ebe obibi ndị mọnk

Na September 1689 eze nwanna nwaanyị wepụ na zigara Novodevichy Nọn. N'ime mgbidi nke cloister ọ biri gbara gburugburu nche. Na 1698 na Moscow na-anọghị nke eze mebiri strelets nnupụisi. Nnupụisi e-ewute ya. The nchoputa kwubiri na nkekọta-aga gānọkwasi n'oche-eze Sophia. Mmekọrịta ya na nwanne ya nwoke na bụghị na mbụ oké okpomọkụ, na ugbu a Pita na niile iwu ka ha gbuda nwanne nọn. Sofya Romanova, foto osise nke egosi n'ụzọ doro anya ya dị oké njọ ọnọdụ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, nwụrụ July 14, 1704 na Novodevichy Nọn.