Soviet gwongworo na-ebute: nlereanya e ji mara. Colchis, Ural, ZIL

Na Soviet Union kere a ukwuu nke ma ibu na njem ụgbọala. Isiokwu a ga-atụle ihe ndị kasị ama gwongworo USSR.

Truck KAZ-606 "Colchis"

Na mbụ, na mba anyị bụ na-achọsi ike mkpa nke a ụgbọ ala ike ibu nnukwu ibu. Nanị tinye, na gwongworo. Soviet ụgbọala ụdị nwere ihe na-akpali akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ọ bụ ya mere Kutaisi osisi malitere mmepụta nke ụgbọ ala, nke e mesịrị mara dị ka "Colchis". History nke USSR gwongworo amalite na prototype ọnọde Ministry nke iga, nke e mepụtara na 1958. Na ugbua na 1959 ụgbọala Kutaisi Automobile Plant e gosiri na ihe ngosi nke Economic rụzuru.

Total osisi ọkọnọ abụọ ụgbọala ụdị, otu onye nke bụ a bead na bụ afo KAZ-605, na ndị ọzọ e mere dị ka ụkpụrụ nke traktọ unit na KAZ-akpọ 606. Mgbe ihe ndị na ngwaahịa nke Georgian Ministry of ụgbọala ụgbọ ala ụlọ ọrụ mma Oghere Usoro mmepụta bụ naanị otu nlereanya. Ibu ụzọ e nyere ngo KAZ-606. Soviet gwongworo, ụgbọala traktọ replenished.

ụgbọ ala ugwu

Car KAZ "Colchis" nwere ihe ndị magburu onwe nke ebe ụgbọala tagzi gbazere agbaze nke na-eme hapụụrụ na ekpede eduzi adaba okporo ụzọ. N'adịghị ka na mbụ-emepụta ụgbọala, kokpiiti nke nke bụ ikpe osisi, okpu "Kolkhida" e mere na metal ụlọ. Na kokpiiti, ma e wezụga ọkwọ ụgbọala, e nwere nanị otu njem oche, ma dechapụ site ọnụnọ nke obere ikike bed. Mkpebi dị otú ahụ n'oge ahụ amamihe na anụ ụlọ akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ.

The ụgbọ ala enweghị na mbụ enyeghachi ya okpukpu anọ, nke n'oge ahụ a pụtara ọhụrụ. The ike unit bụ n'okpuru ịsa, na ọ bụ nnọọ ụtọ na oyi na okpomọkụ na-ewe iwe. Ọdịdị nke ụgbọala bụ a n'oge a na nkecha, n'ihi na ndị na-emepụta kpaliri ọnọdụ nke nnukwu ọkụ na-ala nke tagzi.

Ọghọm ụgbọala KAZ-606

Ihe kacha mkpa drawback nke ụgbọala "Colchis" ndị Ugboro breakdowns na elu mmanụ ụgbọala oriri. A na narị kilomita na ụgbọ ala ama okodu 50 lita mmanụ ụgbọala. N'ihi dị n'okpuru tagzi nke ike unit ke ndaeyo ruo ogologo oge ọ bụ ike ịchịkwa ụgbọala. Ọ bụghị nanị na n'ihi elu n'ime ime okpomọkụ, kamakwa n'ihi na ìgwè iyuzucha, haruru.

ọgwụgwụ

N'agbanyeghị niile uru nke a ụgbọala "Colchis" abụghị ewu ewu na-ọkwọ ụgbọala. Ha we wezuga ha anya ka ndị ọzọ ụdị.

Truck "Ural"

Mpako nke anụ ụlọ akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ kere kemgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. The ozi nke ụgbọala - mwepụ nke osisi si n'ógbè nke mmepụta. Nyere remoteness nke ebe maka ụgbọala "Ural" (osisi) nominated tiri chọrọ maka teren na ime ihe na ndị tara akpụ. N'ihi nrụsi ọrụ ike nke Soviet injinia na-emepụta na-enweta napụtara oké mkpa maka ụgbọala-trailers aga-eme.

Uru nke osisi "Ural"

Osisi nwere phenomenal anụ ụlọ mmepụta throughput na elu àgwà rụpụta.

Na ígwè ọrụ dị otú a mba mgbe niile mkpa karịsịa nnukwu, nyere ndị ọgaranya oke. Soviet gwongworo na-ebute mgbe nile na akwa ina ma domestically na ná mba ọzọ.

Structural atụmatụ nke osisi "Ural" bụ a dị iche iche wheel usoro - si 4x4 ka 8x8. N'ihi na nke a usoro na kpara enweta patency. Ịwa okpomọkụ nso bụ -40 ... + 40 Celsius ^C. Nke a mgbanwe na-enye ohere maka na ígwè ọrụ nke ụdị dị iche iche Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe.

Oke ogologo nke ibu bụ ihe fọrọ nke nta 25 mita. A trailer attachable na osisi nwere a pivoting usoro, nke enwekwu maneuverability n'oge njem. "Ural" - osisi, nke a kwadebere n'ụzọ na ike powertrains n'elu 200 horsepower.

Modern osisi gwongworo "Ural" na-onwem na pụrụ iche haịdrọlik Loader-manipulator, nke-enye gị ohere ka ụgbọ mmiri osisi-enweghị etinye ígwè e ji. Imewe nke inwego na akara usoro - mfe na a pụrụ ịdabere. Nke a na usoro na-eme ka o kwe omume iji belata-akwụ ụgwọ na oge maka mmepụta ọhịa.

The engines ime na European ụkpụrụ, nke pụtara na ụgbọala ahụ na-fọrọ adịghị mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ọghọm osisi "Ural"

Ikekwe naanị downside ka osisi "Ural" na-agụnye elu mmanụ ụgbọala oriri. Ọ bụ ezie na, nyere ọnọdụ nke ọrụ nke igwe ndị a, anyị nwere ike ikwu na nke a onu bụ nnọọ ziri ezi.

ọgwụgwụ

Mepụtara echiche nke a ụgbọala maka njem nke oke, nke na-achọ afọ nke nrụsi ọrụ, ka na-na-anọchi na-eje ozi nke mmadụ. Osisi na-anọgide na ya ozi ofụri n'ókèala Russia na mba ndị ọzọ. N'oge na aka ike Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe, ha anọgide na a pụrụ ịdabere na-enyere aka ndị mmadụ.

Isiike dump gwongworo

Ịmepụta ụgbọala BelAZ, Belarusian Autoworks iji hụ irè mwepụ nke minerals si mmepụta saịtị. Na-emepe emepe echiche nke ndị dị otú ahụ a nnukwu ụgbọ ala, injinia na-emepụta na-enweta uru ahụmahụ ọrụ a. Mba anyị mara maka nnukwu ichekwa eke ego mmịpụta. Inye àgwà na oru oma e ji ebu ihe nke ngwongwo nwere ike naanị nnukwu na a pụrụ ịdabere igwe. The Ministry nke akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ nke USSR kpebiri melite mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ maka mmepe na e kere eke nke arọ gwongworo maka ọrụ awa nkume nke mba. Ya mere, e a Belarusian Automobile Plant, nke malitere ike BelAZ ugbo ala.

Malitere na 1948, na mmepụta nke dump gwongworo nweela n'ụwa ekele. Mgbe niile na-emepe emepe na-ewebata ọhụrụ teknụzụ na akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-otu n'ime ndị ndú nke arọ ugbo ala.

The nwa mbụ nke Belarusian Automobile Plant wee si n'agbụrụ ebu n'afọ 1961. BelAZ-540. Nke a 27-ton ogologo anụ bụ na nganga nke Soviet ndị mmadụ. Ebe ọ bụ na Ụgha na a nwa mbụ nke autoconcern BelAZ mụụrụ a ukwuu nke na ọ dị mkpa ule.

Ya ukara arụ ọrụ "ọrụ" ugbu a BelAZ-540A malitere na 1965. N'ezie, nke a ochie Soviet gwongworo, na ha n'ebe dị anya n'ebe a na Ngwuputa gwongworo, Kacha ọhụrụ nke bụ BelAZ-75710. Na ịchụso arụmọrụ Belarusian Nchegbu kere ikekwe kasị ibu-ebuli Ngwuputa ụgbọala na ụwa. Arọ nke-ebu ibu nke 450 tọn!

Designers nke BelAZ-75710 esesịn kwadebere ihe ngwa maka depụtara ọrụ ebube a nke nkà na ụzụ na Guinness Book of Records. N'eziokwu, ịga nke ọma nke a nlereanya bụ nchikota nke niile rụzuru nke akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ na mpaghara ebe a. Factory ọrụ raara afọ 65 nke na-emepe emepe ma rụọ ọrụ ya na ngwaahịa.

The ọhụrụ nlereanya dị iche na nke gara aga ojiji nke asatọ wheel kama isii. Nke a ngwọta na-ekwe ka na-na osisi a nnukwu payload. Agbanye okirikiri nke a ibu bụ banyere 20 mita, nke, na-atụle ya akụkụ, dị nnọọ nta. Anyị na-arụ ọrụ na ndị injinia na ụgbọala maneuverability. Itinye ụkpụrụ nke abụọ rotary anyu, ike melite n'ozuzu maneuverability nke ụgbọala.

Nnukwu ọrụ e mere na ike osisi na ígwè. Ụdị ike unit eji na dump gwongworo - dizel paired. Power ọnọ site na ike osisi bụ 4600 l / s. All usoro BelAZ-75710 e doro ọma modernization, nke n'ikpeazụ mma manageability ma jide ụgbọ ala. Ke adianade do, loading na ebutu nke ibu, kwa, aghọwo ihe adaba na mfe, mma na-agba ịnyịnya na cross-ala ụgbọala. Mpako nke Belarusian engineering, BelAZ-75710, ka mesịrị bụrụ nnọọ nke ọma-ezi na a pụrụ ịdabere ụgbọ ala.

nchịkọta

N'agbanyeghị ihe size na nnukwu ibu, ọ bụla mmewere nke ụgbọala anyị n'ihu osobo kasị elu nche na pụrụ ịdabere. N'ezie, ndị ndepụta "gwongworo na-ebute USSR" agaghị abụ ezu na-enweghị BelAZ dump gwongworo. Ma anyị nyochaa anaghị akwụsị na a igwe. Bịa na.

Truck ZIL-131

N'afọ 1966, ụgbọala osisi Likhachev (ZIL) malitere na mmepụta nke emelitere nlereanya ZIL-130. The ụgbọ ala bụ a ụgbọala teren na mma tụnyere ya precursors e ji mara. Osisi na-emepụta kpebiri ịhapụ boneeti atụmatụ, modifying naanị akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ụlọ.

Pluses ụgbọala Zil-131

N'ihi ihe ndị magburu onwe Itie na fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụla teren ZIL-131 bụ ezi nnyemaaka dị iche iche ebe nke na ngalaba nke mmadụ ọrụ.

Nkeji na nlereanya usoro gosiri na-pụrụ ịdabere na na n'oge gara aga samples, modernized ma ka na reliably ozi ọzọ.

The ụgbọ ala mesịrị bụrụ ihe ijuanya resilient na tenacious. Operating okpomọkụ nso bụ karịa mmasị. Zil-131 nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ si -40 ka +50 degrees Celsius.

The igwe na-eji ọtụtụ ke agha nkeji na igosi iche iche ihe aga-eme. Na ya isi e kere mgbanwe nke ugbo ala nke njem nke pesonel nke ndị agha, ubi esi na mobile n'ụlọ ọgwụ.

Na ndabere nke ZIL-131 e enịm iche iche na ụdị ngwá agha na radio akụrụngwa. The ụgbọ ala e ji mee ọtụtụ n'ime ụgbọelu ụlọ ọrụ dị ka a na ụgbọala n'ihi na ejuputa ụgbọ elu, helikọpta bịa na ndị ọzọ na usoro iji hụ na ụgbọelu flights.

The igwe e ji mee geological prospecting, na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ na ọbụna snow mwepụ arụmọrụ.

Ọghọm ZIL-131

Ikpe ikpe site reviews, a otutu eri igwe. Otú ọ dị, mmanụ ụgbọala oriri nke 40 lita kwa 100 kilomita ọghọm ndị kama ot.

ọgwụgwụ

Dị ka ihe niile Soviet gwongworo ZIL-131 ketara ya "agwa". Ntụkwasị obi nke ndị a ugbo ala-apụghị nwere obi abụọ. Ọbụna taa, mgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ, ZIL-131 aga n'ihu ya dịghị mfe ozi.