St. Demetrius nke Rostov: biography, akwụkwọ ekpere. Life of St. Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Otu n'ime ndị kasị asọpụrụ Orthodox nsọ bụ Dmitriy Rostovsky. Ọ ghọrọ ama tumadi site na eziokwu na e maara nke ọma "Lives nke Saints." Nke a nchụàjà bi na oge nke mgbanwe nke Peter Ukwu na n'ozuzu na-akwado ha. Otú ọ dị, ndị dị nsọ ike guzogidere ọchịchị nnyonye anya na omume nke Church na na ọgwụgwụ nke ndụ ya bịakwutere na-akwado nke Tsarevich Alexei.

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Orthodox senti Dmitry Rostovsky mụrụ na oyi 1651 na obodo dị nso nke Kiev Makarov. Ha kpọrọ aha-ya Daniel. Ya na ezinụlọ ya bụ nnọọ nātu egwu Chineke, ọ na-etolite a devout Christian. Na 1662 nne na nna ya kwagara Kiev o wee na-amụ na Kyiv-Mohyla Collegium. N'ebe a, o ọma mụọ Latin na Grik, nakwa dị ka a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oge gboo sayensị. Na 1668, a jụụ, na-adịghị ike ike, Daniel ghọrọ a mọnk na ebe obibi ndị mọnk Kirillov na Dmitry nwetara aha. Mọnk nrubeisi o wee na 1675.

A na-ekwusa okwu Chineke

Na 1669 Dmitriy Rostovsky, onye biography jupụtara a dịgasị iche iche nke ihe, na-raara na ierodyakona. Na 1975, Bishop Lazar Baranovych kpọrọ ya ka Chernigov na lara ndị nchụàjà, họpụtara na-ekwusa na Katidral nke mwere Katidral. N'ihi ya, ndị nna Dmitry gara Slutsk na Vilna, ebe ọtụtụ-arụ ọrụ maka otuto nke Chineke. Sochiri ya ama dị ka a nnọọ nkà na-ekwusa, ọ na-malitere na-agba ahụ na mmụọ ike. Mgbe ọnwụ nke enyi ya, onye kere Slutsky mọnk mọnk Skachkevicha ọ laghachiri n'ala nna ya - na Ruthenia na Baturina.

Igumenstvo na mmalite nke ọrụ nke a ndụ

The Little Saint Dmitry Rostov biri n'ebe obibi na Baturin. N'oge na-adịghị, Otú ọ dị, ọ dọtara uche nke onye bishop nke Chernigov. Na 1681, 30-afọ-ekwusa ghọrọ abbot nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk Maksanovskogo, na mgbe a mgbe - Baturyn. Na nke a ọnọdụ Dmitry nna nọrọ nnọọ ogologo. Na 1683 ọ kwagara Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Ebe a na 1684, ndị Saints malitere isi ọrụ nke ndụ ya --ebu "Chetih-Saints." Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, a họpụtara ya nke abụọ Rector nke Baturyn obibi ndị mọnk. Ma na 1692 na ọ dị mgbe ọzọ kwagara Kiev. Ọzọkwa, ọ sequentially ndinọ Abbot Glukhovski, Kirillov na Eletski (Chernigov) monasteries. Na 1700 ọ nọ na kpọrọ Moscow, ebe ọ mbụ zutere Peter Ukwu ahụ, na a họpụtara Metropolitan nke Rostov. Nraranye na e mere March 23, 1701.

Metropolitan nke Rostov

Na 1703, Dmitriy Rostovsky, onye biography tupu ọnwụ ya e nwere njikọ chiri anya nke na-abịa ya, rutere ọhụrụ ọrụ ojii. N'ebe a, o chere ọtụtụ nsogbu, isi n'etiti nke bụ aka nke ego ike na omume nke parish. Obere oge tupu nhọpụta nke Dmitry nna na obodo e weghachiri mọnk wee, na akara nke na chọọchị onwunwe, na-elekọta ndị mọnk na almshouses. Ọ bụ nnọọ wetara na Rostov St. gburu nwekwara coarseness na amaghi na ọ bụghị nanị na ndị nkịtị, kamakwa Church. Ndị nchụàjà na-asọpụrụ nsọ, nlelị gasị ndị ogbenye, igosipụta ahụ nzuzo nke nkwupụta na otú pụta. Ịhụ ụdị a ọgbaghara, nna Dmitry ịnụ ọkụ n'obi malite agbazi ọnọdụ ahụ. O nyere ntụziaka, na-akọwa nzube nke ndị nchụàjà, o nyere a ozizi ndị mmadụ.

Otu nke ya isi nchegbu bụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ n'ihi na ụmụ nke ndị na-ejere ndị Church na ndị ogbenye. Education ebe a bụ nnọọ free. Na-emeghe Metropolitan Dmitry akwụkwọ, nakwa dị ka na Kiev, kụziiri Grik na Latin, e gosiri egwuregwu nwetara. The mbụ na-agụsị akwụkwọ ekpe mgbidi ya na 1706. N'ụzọ dị mwute, otu spring akwụkwọ e mechiri.

October 28, 1709 Dmitry Rostovsky nna ya nwụrụ. E liri ya na Katidral nke Rostov, na-esote ya ụzọ - Sainted Joasaph. drafts nke ya emechaghi akwụkwọ na-etinye n'okpuru uche nke Metropolitan na akpati ozu. N'ememe olili ozu ndị senti rutere onwe ya eze nwaanyị Paraskeva Feodorovna - na di ya nwụrụ nwunye Tsar Ivan nwanne Peter.

The onwunwe nke senti

Na 1752, ke Katidral anyị kpebiri ime ka ọ di ike. Na N'ezie nke ya, mmejuputa iwu on September 21 na n'ala gwara ọ hụrụ imperishable ahụ nna Dmitry. Ọ bụ a ezigbo ọrụ ebube. Mgbidi na keguru mmiri ozu. St. oak akpati ozu na-achọta na ihe odide ahụ na-kpamkpam rekasịrịla. The ahụ nke kasị nsọ, na ya rosary, miter na sakkos ndị apụghị ire ure.

Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, ndị onwunwe nke senti wee malite izo ọgwụgwọ ọrụ ebube site ọtụtụ ọrịa, dị ka a kọrọ na Synod. Site na iji nke ikpeazụ na uru ibu na Archimandrite Simonovskiy Gavriil Metropolitan Suzdalskiy Silvestr. Ha na-ahụ na-agwọ ike na ha mehie. April 29, 1757, Metropolitan Rostovskiy Dmitry Aguru n'etiti nsọ.

May 25, 1763 na ncheta nke St. gbanwere ọlaọcha okpukpe Shinto, ebe ha bụ ndị a ụbọchị. cancer e mere site na iji nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu Catherine II, ndị na-ebu ya na nwụnye saịtị na onye, ọnụ na nsọ nna.

"Lives nke Saints" Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Nke a akwụkwọ e dere nsọ oge nke afọ 20. N'ihi bụ a ọrụ ke 12 mpịakọta. Ọ na-akọwa na ndụ, ebube na heroism nke ọtụtụ nsọ Kraịst. "Chetyi minei" nkwurịta okwu. Dmitry malitere edification maka niile Orthodox, onye na-eso ụzọ nke ime nsọ nsọ.

Akụkọ na akwụkwọ a na-akọwa ka nke ọnwa na ụbọchị ha. N'ihi ya aha "Senti" (Gr. Per ọnwa). "Lives" na Church pụtara "agụ", "maka ịgụ ihe." Weere "Lives nke Saints," Nna Dmitry bụ akụkụ nke Labor Macarius. N'oge, ọtụtụ Saints (Hieromonk Herman Tulumova, Chudovsky, Ionna Milyutina, wdg) na-ghọtara na Orthodox Church. Otú ọ dị, "Lives nke Saints" Dmitriya Rostovskogo bụ ndị kasị asọpụrụ na nkịtị. Nke a akwụkwọ e dere a nnọọ eru Church Slavonic.

Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ St.

Ọzọ maara nke ọma na-arụ ọrụ bụ Metropolitan nke Rostov "Chọọ Brynskikh nke okwukwe." Akwụkwọ a eduzi megide Old kwere ekwe. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ bụ na iche na "Senti", ọ bụ adịghị oke nke ọma. ọ Old kwere ekwe, n'ezie, na-adịghị mekwara, ma a anya nke ịkpọasị ha kpatara.

Ke adianade do, Saint Dmitriy Rostovsky ifịk ifịk obon akụkọ ihe mere eme ihe ọmụma banyere ya diocese na mba dị ka a dum. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na drafting akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Slavic ndị mmadụ. O dekwara akwụkwọ dị ka "ajị anụ mmiri", "Na-ekwu Okwu na n'onyinyo nakwa oyiyi nke Chineke na mmadụ," "afọ ọsịsa", "Nchịkọta nke nwụrụ n'ihi okwukwe", "Russian metropolitans katalọgụ." Ọ bụ ya pen na ụdị nile nke ekpere na ntuziaka.

Church. Dmitriya Rostovskogo na Ochakovo

Na Russia, ọtụtụ asọpụrụ nsọ. Dmitriy Rostovsky, n'ezie, bụ otu n'ime ha. Raara onwe ha nye ya na ọtụtụ ụlọ nsọ. Ka ihe atụ, ndị dị otú ahụ a Ọdịdị bụ na Ochakovo. Na 1717 e wuru a osisi na chọọchị na-nsọ ya na nsọpụrụ nke agọzi Virgin Mary. Na 1757 obodo gbanwere aka. Ọ wuru na-esote a osisi ọhụrụ nkume temple na Metropolitan Dmitry aha. Nke a na chọọchị arịdakwuruwo anyị nta agbanweghi agbanwe. Ọ e wuru na mara mma style of Russian Baroque. Na refectory ejikọrọ na temple mgbịrịgba elu elu.

History of the Church of St. Dmitry bụ bara ọgaranya nke ukwuu. Na 1812 e nwere ọkụ na Ochakovo. Na nke a, ihe ochie osisi ụka nke Nsọ Virgin e akpọ ya ọkụ. Zụtara n'otu afọ obodo Ekaterina Naryshkina omenala kama kpebiri imeghe ya ọhụrụ ụka, n'okpuru nke, ma wughachi otu n'ime ha ala. The chọọchị na-na-nsọ na nsọpụrụ nke Nsọ Atọ n'Ime Otu na presumably ekewet na chọọchị nke St. Dmitry.

Na 1926, a okpukpe ụlọ ahụ na mkpebi nke ọchịchị mechiri. Ọ maara na na 1933, Dmitriya Rostovskogo ụlọ nsọ ahụ na-emegharị maka nchekwa nke ọka na onye ogbenye ọnọdụ. Ịgafe na ya weere ala, na onye nke gables ese a ise-kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando, nke e mesịrị ehichapu ọ bụ nnọọ ike.

Na 1972, chọọchị kpebiri iteghari ohuru. Ọrụ were banyere 6 afọ. Na 1992 Dmitriya Rostovskogo Temple laghachi kwere ekwe. Ndị Orthodox onye chọrọ ileta ochie ụka kwesịrị ịga Moscow n'okporo ámá , General Dorokhov, wdg 17.

Temple Dmitriya Rostovskogo na na. nri Hawa

Nke a na chọọchị na-na-nsọ na nsọpụrụ nke Dmitriya Rostovskogo, ọ e wuru na 1824 na oge gboo style. Dome ya kpube cylindrical cupola. Wuru n'akụkụ ya mgbịrịgba elu surmounted site a spire mara mma ọgụgụ.

Na 1882 ụlọ akwụkwọ e meghere na chọọchị educator Lyutitskim. Eze, n'etiti 1930 na 1990, nke a na chọọchị na-eji dị ka a ọka nkwakọba. Otú ọ dị, e nwekwara na-akọ na ọka a mere ihe akụkọ ụlọ na-mgbe echekwara. Okpukpe ndị mmadụ na-echeta na na afọ 1954-1962 ụka na-arụ ọrụ ọbụna na obere oge izu (n'ihi ezughị nchu-àjà).

Na 1990, Chọọchị Dmitriya Rostovskogo na Right Hawa gafere diocese, mgbe nke ọ na-weghachiri eweghachi site parishioners. N'ime ụlọ nsọ n'ụzọ ọrụ ebube ẹnịm foduru nke mgbidi eserese, nakwa dị ka etiti nke iconostasis. Ebe ọ bụ na September 2010, e nwere otu onye nchụàjà VV Kolyadin. N'oge, nke a oge ochie ụka, ihe ndị ọzọ, ihe a na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme nketa nke Voronezh mpaghara.

Ekpere Dmitriyu Rostovskomu

Dmitriy Rostovsky, onye ndụ ya ezi omume, na mgbe ọnwụ ya na-aga n'ihu na-echebe ndị kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi si na ụdị nile nke ọdachi. Gwọọ ọrịa, n'ihi na ihe atụ, ọ bụ ike ọ bụghị naanị ka asọpụrụ ndị onwunwe nke senti. The ọrụ ebube a na-ewere a ekpere raara nye ya. The odide mbụ nke ọ nwere ike dị na chọọchị ndị e ji amụ. Ọ na-aga ihe dị ka nke a:

"The Holy Great Martyr Hristov Dmitry. Igosi tupu Eze nke Heaven, na-arịọ maka mgbaghara nke mmehie anyị ma napụta anyị vsegubitelnoy ọnyá, ọkụ na ebighị ebi ntaramahụhụ. Jụọ maka ebere ya na chọọchị anyị na parish, nakwa dị ka ike nke ọma anyị na-eme na-amasị Jizọs Kraịst. Anyị ga-esi ike na ekpere gị ga-eketa ala-eze elu-igwe, ebe anyị ga-eme ya na Nna na nke Mmụọ Nsọ. "

ọgwụgwụ

Dmitriy Rostovsky, a ekpere nke nwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa, na-a ogologo ụzọ na-eme nsọ nsọ bụ ihe atụ maka niile Orthodox Kraịst. Taa ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị asọpụrụ nsọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ na-agwa okwu na akpa ume ọrịa. Ọ na-kweere na a nsọ ekpere pụrụ inyere tufuo nke ụdị ihe anya nsogbu.