STH: chemical uwa, ndu mmetụta nke daa ọrịa

Homonụ - bioactive bekee na-synthesized na secreted site endocrine glands kpọmkwem n'ime ọbara, cerebrospinal ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ Lymph. Homonụ igosipụta elu bioactivity na miniscule doses nke 10-3 na ọbụna 10-6 mg. Ha na-egosipụta a na-adịghị adịte edinam na na-ngwa ngwa na-ebibi.

Properties homonụ.

N'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị homonụ kọwara molekụla Ọdịdị. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-enwetara dị ọcha ụdị (folliculin, insulin); ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-synthesized (insulin, adrenaline, cortisone). The omume nke ndị endocrine glands -achịkwa site ụjọ usoro. N'aka nke ya, na-data gland emetụta ụjọ usoro. Homonụ emetụta metabolism nke na-edozi, carbohydrates, nucleic asịd, lipids na mineral.

STH (ibu hormone, ibu hormone, ibu hormone) e kewapụrụ ihu pituitary extracts Evans na Long na 1921. Pituitary gland - bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa endocrine glands. Ọnụ na hypothalamus morphophysiological Nleta a otu usoro, nke achịkwakwa metabolism nke dị iche iche ntụziaka. The hormone bụ a protein ọdịdị na oligomeric Ọdịdị. Molekụla arọ nke 23000-46000 Da. Uto hormone polypeptide mejupụtara abụọ njikọ nke nwere 191 amino acid residues.

A mara mma nke ibu hormone bụ na ọ na-egosi na ụdị specificity. Ọ ga-kwuru na ọ bụ naanị biologically ifịk ibu hormone primates ụmụ mmadụ.

Mgbe hypo-secretion nke ibu hormone ọrịa ime ụfọdụ metabolic Filiks ke idem, ya bụ anabolic Filiks ma na ibu Filiks. Mgbe oké hormone ntọhapụ (hyperfunction prostate) na nwata, tupu mmalite nke pubati ruo ẹkụre Filiks nke ọkpụkpụ a kpụworo, e na-enwekwukwa uto nke ahụ mmadụ, nke na-eduga gigantism. Uto mmadụ e nwere ike ịbụ site 2 na 2.7 m. Oké ibu hormone na-etoru ogo mmadụ na-eduga ná mmepe nke acromegaly. Nke a na ọrịa emee na pituitary adenomas na hyperplasia. Mgbaàmà nke ọrịa bụ a disproportionate uto nke onye akụkụ ahụ, oké ibu nke aka na ụkwụ, na isi-adụ anụ ahụ overgrowth - imi, egbugbere ọnụ, ire, agba. Na-abawanye na esịtidem akụkụ, na-dere hypertrophy ụfọdụ endocrine glands.

Na ezughi oke njikọ nke ibu hormone (hyposecretion) na nwata enwere dwarfism (dwarfism). Uto bụghị karịa 90-120 cm, ọ dịghị nke abụọ mmekọahụ mara. Pituitary dwarfs ndị dịtụ proportional na Ọdịdị nke ahụ ahụ, ubé ibu n'isi. Dị ka ha na-adịghị dị iche na nkịtị echiche mmepe nke ndị mmadụ.

STH emetụta anabolic Filiks: activates biosynthesis nke na-edozi, nucleic asịd, enwekwu ọbara glucose etoju (ọrịa mmetụta) akpali reticulocytosis, hondro- na osteogenesis.

Ahụ mmadụ synthesizes ọtụtụ bioactive bekee, nke na-enye anyị obi ụtọ mmetụta (anuri, ọma na ọnọdụ, obi ụtọ). Na n'ihi mmiri ọgwụ, ndị a bekee na-akpọ neurotransmitters, na-ahụ maka nnyefe nke akwara esi gboo. Ọ na-kweere na serotonin, endorphins na dopamine - a ụtọ homonụ. Serotonin - a hormone ọma na ọnọdụ. Mgbe agbara ndi mmadu n'ime ọbara, ọ enwekwu moto ọrụ, mma ọnọdụ. Erughi nke serotonin pụrụ iduga ịda mbà n'obi. Endorphins na-synthesized na ahụ na-akpata nchekasị, iji belata ihe mgbu. Site nkịtị ka opiate anabata, ha inhibit mgbu, si otú eme anuri. Dopamine a na-ezo dị ka mmiri ọgwụ nke obi ụtọ. The ukwuu ịta nke kwuru compound na ọbara, na onwunwu sensashion.