Structure na ọrụ nke asọ glands

N'oge emepechabeghị e nwere otu ihe na-akpali ụzọ chọpụta na-ikpe ma ọ bụ. Ọ na-awa na-agbalị akọrọ osikapa. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ enweghị ike ilo ya, mgbe ahụ, m hụrụ ikpe. Ugbu a ọ bụ ike kwere, ma na obi nke ndị dị otú a usoro bụ a ọrụ nke emepụta asọ mmiri. Isiokwu a na ga-raara nye anyị isiokwu.

Atụmatụ nke Ọdịdị nke ahụ mmadụ digestive usoro

Digestive usoro nke mmadụ na-adade ke abụọ. Nke a rue-site "tube", nke a na-akpọ digestive tract na prostate. Adịbeghị anya secrete pụrụ iche bekee - enzymes. Ha ọsọ chemical Jeremaya mere, nke na-enyere gbarie nri ke tract. Na ụmụ mmadụ, atọ ụdị glands. Ihe mbụ na-agụnye asọ. Ha na-dị na-edeghị ede oghere.

Gịnị bụ ọrụ nke emepụta asọ mmiri? Ha na-enye isi nhazi nke ihe oriri. Ọ bụ ezie na enzymes na e dere asu, ike nke na-arapara naanị mgbagwoju carbohydrates n'ime mfe.

Mgbaze na onu oghere

The ọrụ nke emepụta asọ mmiri amalite rụrụ nanị mgbe onu analysis emee na uto nke ihe oriri na okpomọkụ. Nke a na-eme na-enyemaka nke mwute formations emi odude ke mucosa, - anabata.

N'otu oge, ke ọnụ, nri na-wetted na na-machined iji ezé. Na ụmụ mmadụ, ha na-ọdịiche dị. Dabere na Ọdịdị, ụdị na ọrụ ịmata ihe dị iche incisors, canines, obere na nnukwu molars. Oputakwara na chemical nhazi nke oriri na asu.

Structure na ọrụ nke asọ glands

Na ụmụ mmadụ, e nwere atọ ụzọ abụọ nke nnukwu asọ glands: parotid, submandibular na sublingual. The mbụ dị na ebe nke masticatory uru. Ha na-thicker karịa ọdịdị ihu akwara, carotid akwara na a akwara. The sublingual ebe oghe ducts nke submandibular glands. Ha na-na-ọnọ na alaka nke ọdịdị ihu akwara. Sublingual bụ ndị kasị nta na size n'etiti depụtara. Ha na-emi odude ke eponymous folds. N'ihi obere emepụta asọ mmiri bụ Palatine, lingual, labial, buccal na ezengwenri. Ebe ha orunótu bụ onu mucosa.

Asọ gland ọrụ mgbaze kpebisiri ike bụ isi ihe na Ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ, nke ha kpụrụ - ya bụ, glandular epithelium. Nke a anụ ahụ mejupụtara obere, tightly juru n'ọnụ mkpụrụ ndụ. N'ihi na nke a Ọdịdị emepụta a eke mgbochi n'etiti organism na gburugburu ebe obibi.

The mejupụtara nke asu

Ebe ọ bụ na asọ gland ọrụ dị ka wetting na isi gbawara nri mejupụtara ha secretions bụ mmiri dị iche iche enzymes. The nkịtị Njirimara nke asu bụ a muco-nyagide mmiri mmiri. Na mmiri bụ ntọala ya, bi karịa 98% nke ngụkọta mejupụtara. Enzymes, nke na-agụnye amylase, maltase na lysozyme gbarie carbohydrates. Mucous anọgidesi nke asu attaches akpan akpan umi - mucin. Unique onwunwe nwere parotin hormone. Ọ na-hụrụ na asu na pụrụ iwusi ndị na Enamel.

The onu oghere bụ mgbe niile ekenyela ịnweta ma organic okwu. Ìgwè nke mbụ mejupụtara sodium ion, potassium, calcium, sịlịkọn, magnesium, ọla kọpa, nakwa dị ka ha chlorides, carbonates na phosphates. Organic mejuputara asu na-edozi, enzymes, homonụ na vitamin.

Ma pasent nke data ọcha abụghị mgbe nile. Mejupụtara asu ọcha nwere ike ịdị iche iche dabere na afọ, ahụ ike ọnọdụ, nri mejupụtara, ọnụnọ nke àgwà ọjọọ mmadụ. N'ihi ya, na ọkwa nke thiocyanate na-ese siga na nnọọ elu, ebe ọ bụ na nke a umi neutralize nsí ụtaba anwụrụ ọkụ. Na afọ, ụmụ mmadụ na asu bu ubara ọdịnaya nke magnesium na calcium.

lysozyme

The abụọ aha a umi - muramidase. Ọ bụ nke a ìgwè nke hydrolytic enzymes. Ọzọkwa asu, lysozyme bụ na ndị dọkatụrụ adọka ọmụmụ, shei nke eriri afọ tract, gọzie gị imi, ọbara, imeju, cartilage. A otutu ya na mmiri ara. Ihe na-akpali eziokwu bụ na ụmụ mmadụ na okwu a ukwuu karịa ehi. Ka oge na, ego nke lysozyme na mmiri ara ehi na-amụba.

Muramidase ike nke na-arapara na cell mgbidi bacteria. Nke a na-akọwa ya disinfecting Njirimara. Ọgaranya na lysozyme na egg-acha ọcha. N'etiti osisi ntule a umi nwere horseradish, turnips, kabeeji na radish.

Amylase na maltase

The ọrụ nke enzymes nke emepụta asọ mmiri - bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi na oke nke ihe nzuzo gbarie polysaccharides. Kpam kpam, e nwere ihe na iri ise. The na-eduga ndị na-amylase na maltase.

Mgbagwoju carbohydrates na-akpọ sugars. Ma nke a apụtaghị na ha na-atọ ụtọ na uto. Ya mere, ihe oriri niile bụ ọgaranya polysaccharides nke akwukwo nri si malite. Ma, e nwere a ụtọ uto na ha cleavage. Nke a na onu bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na na N'ezie nke usoro a na-arụpụta monosaccharides, ma ọ bụ dị mfe sugars. Ha nwere a uto.

Gịnị mere e ji osisi nri na-agbari ngwa ngwa? Eziokwu ahụ bụ na asu enzymes amalite gbarie carbohydrates na ọnụ ugbua. Ma ndi na-edozi na carbohydrates gbarie n'ime monomers naanị ke afo. Carbohydrates na-na-na e nwere ugbua kewaa na njikere maka absorption. Ya mere, osisi oriri ukwuu mmemmem ọrụ nke digestive usoro.

Properties asu enzymes ugbu ọtụtụ-eji ụlọ ọrụ. Ka ihe atụ, amylase, nke nwere yist, atụkwasịkwara butere ngwongwo ka mma ha mma. Ma ọnụnọ ha na detergents nwere ike ngwa ngwa gbarie starch.

mucin

The ọrụ nke emepụta asọ mmiri na-a ọnụ moistening na nri ahụ. Ọ rụrụ mucin. Nke a na umi-akpọ imi. Ma n'ezie na ọ bụ a mgbagwoju protein mejupụtara, na mgbakwunye na amino asịd, carbohydrates na-gụnyere. Mucin eme ka asu viscous ebe ọ nwere ike na-na-ejigide mmiri. Ọ na-ekpuchikwa ata ata nri chunks, na-eme ha ike n'ihu Itie site na digestive tract. Ke adianade do, imi nwekwara disinfecting Njirimara. Ọ na-egbochi nje nkekọ onu mucosa, nakwa dị ka ha ìgwè ke ya oghere.

Olee otú asu

Usoro asu mpiaji emee. Mgbe na-eri nri wutere anabata ire na ọnụ. Nke a na-arụpụta akwara esi gboo na-eme ihe na sensory ozi ndị dị medulla oblongata. E nwere n'etiti salivation. Si ya gboo azụ ka glands. N'ihi ya, salivate. N'ụbọchị ọ na-emepụta na a mmadụ na 1.5 lita. Salivation na nri nke na-abịa kpọmkwem n'ime ọnụ, a na-akpọ unconditioned.

Ma, ọ nwere ike ime enweghị ọnụnọ nke nri. Ka ihe atụ, asu nwere ike iche na ụmụ mmadụ mgbe n'anya nri ma ọ bụ onyinyo ya, ịnụ ísì, ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-eche banyere ya. Dị na-echeta, ya anya ka a gbara ụka lemon. Nke a ozugbo ime ka salivation. Ma, ọ nwere na-a oyi mpiaji.

Ọ bụ kwuru na ihe fọrọ anaghị kwụpụta n'oge na-ehi ụra asu. Mbenata ya ukwu na n'oge arọ nchegbu ọnọdụ, omume ná Nkụnwụ Ahụ, na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, akwara ọrịa, menopause, akụrụ odida na-arịa ọrịa shuga.

Ọ a maara dị ka a-adịghị ala ala ọrịa nke na-ego nke asu bụghị zuru ezu. Ọ na-akpọ xerostomia. Mgbaàmà nke ọrịa bụ akọrọ ọnụ, oké viscosity nke asu, nri uto insensitivity, ihe mgbu n'oge ilo na-ekwu okwu.

ilo nri

The ọrụ nke emepụta asọ mmiri, nke pụtara na ọnụ, na-eme ka o kwe omume gụkwuo nkwalite nke nri. Erule oge nri na-loro, ọ na-ama mechanically shredded, udu mmiri na n'omume gbarie. Ọzọkwa asụsụ agabiga a nri akpu na akpịrị. Ka ọ na-abanyekwa na nkọlọ? Nke a bụ n'ihi mbelata nke ire na akpịrị uru. N'oge a, n'ọnụ ụzọ airway emechi supraglottic cartilage. esophageal mgbidi n'otu oge na-ebelata na akpụ na-akpụ akpụ na kasị gbasaa akụkụ nke usoro ozu - afo.

N'ihi ya, ọrụ nke ụmụ mmadụ emepụta asọ mmiri na-esonụ:

- enzyme - mgbaze nke mgbagwoju carbohydrates n'ime mfe;

- echebe - neutralization nke microorganisms, na-agwọ ọrịa nke onu mucosa, inye a film na eze Enamel, na-echebe ha si organic asịd;

- digestive - wetting na softening nri;

- Ókè mmiri ọgwụ - enye mineralization nke siri ike ezé anụ ahụ;

- ihicha - elution na mwepụ si onu oghere nke ndị mba ọzọ ahụ, nri residues, microorganisms na nsị.