The elekere na Old Town Square na Prague: photos, nkọwa, akụkọ ihe mere eme

The elekere na Old Town Square na Prague, nke Prague Orloj - nkà mmụta mbara igwe elekere n'elu n'ebe ndịda mgbidi nke Old Town Ụlọ Nzukọ, na a na-ewu ewu na ụwa ma ama dị ịrịba ama nke Prague.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na-ewu na ndozi

Elekere na Prague na Old Town Square, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke bụ karịrị 600 afọ, e mbụ e kwuru banyere ihe ndị mere n'ụbọchị 1402, ma ugbua na 1410 ha na-dochie na ọhụrụ n'ibu astrolabe mere kadanskim nwe Mikulas. Ha e mere na draft-enyocha mbara igwe J. Schindele.

Na 1490 ka mgbidi nke ese e mma: rụchaa kalenda Ịkpọ oku na arụnyere na facade nke Gothic ọgụgụ. Ọrụ mụụrụ nwe Hanus.

Na ndị na-esonụ afọ mweghachi rụrụ ọtụtụ ugboro n'ihi na nke inexperience nke na-eje ozi ha na-elekọta chimes mgbe ụfọdụ ịkwụsị onwe ha.

Na 1552 mweghachi nke ije mere ukwu Ya Teboa.

Ndị na-esonụ ndozi e mere na Asaa na narị afọ, mgbe kpaliri usoro batter oge, ịtọ ụfọdụ ọgụgụ, nakwa dị ka ọnwa na-adọ egosi.

History NYEGHACHI nke clocks

Na 1778 na Prague ndị ọchịchị kpebiri iwesasi usoro maka scrap n'ihi na enweghị nke ego maka ya idozi. Onye nzọpụta chimes ghọrọ a local watchmaker J. Landesberger, nke na 1791 rụzigharịa ha maka free, na-mma maka n'ọdịnihu. Otú ọ dị, astrolabe n'ihi ogbenye elekọta aghọwo a ọjọọ ọsọ, na ịrụzi ya enweghi ike. The usoro kwukwara ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Ndịozi.

Ke n'etiti ndị XIX narị afọ chimes ọzọ-achọ ka ya. Sochirinụ nzọpụta aghọwo watchmakers L. Heinz, C. na R. Bozhek Danek, bụ ndị nwere bulie ego maka nwughari nke awa. N'oge mweghachi nke P. Bozhek arụpụtara chronometer, nke ugbu a nachi usoro (elekere n'azụ naanị 0,5 nkeji kwa izu, nke bụ a eti utịp). Kemgbe ahụ, dị ka ugbu a, na ọ di ike nke elekere usoro bụ ike "Heinz".

Na 1945, ndị Prague Astronomical Elekere na-idiọk mebiri emebi ndị Nazi n'oge bombardment nke akụkụ a nke Prague si emegide ugbo elu egbe. All osisi akụkụ ọkụ, e merụsịrị mebiri emebi Ịkpọ oku.

Naanị na 1948 elekere usoro e weghachiri eweghachi na Orloj malitere na-arụ ọrụ dị ka tupu. All na osisi ọgụgụ e mere re-Carver V. Sucharda na malite na ikpe ọbọhọ agha, ọ bụ ugbu a na-egosi na Prague Museum.

Ebe ọ bụ na elekere na Prague na Old Town Square (nọchiri n'okpuru) aghọwo a ma ama dị ịrịba ama nke Prague. Wizards nwee ike naputa banyere 75% nke mbụ akụkụ nke ije.

Elekere na Prague na Old Town Square: Description

Astronomical elekere mejupụtara ọtụtụ akụkụ, ndị bụ isi na-:

• nkà mmụta mbara igwe wiil, nke na-ekpebi ọnọdụ nke anyanwụ na ọnwa nke elu-igwe, na-egosi ụfọdụ nkọwa nke mbara igwe na-Zodiac mgbanaka;
• "The N'ezie nke NdŽozi" - a usoro na onye ọ bụla hour mere ndị na-akpụ akpụ n'ibu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ozi na ndị na-agụ akụkọ;
• ọsịsọ na medallions, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a kalenda na-egosi na ọnwa.

Astrolabe iji clockwork-egosi na oge site na ọtụtụ usoro:

• Babylon, bụ nke a dị iche iche ogologo awa n'oge dị iche iche nke afọ;
• Old Czech (eji shvabaherskie ọgụgụ);
• CET - na-egosi Roman numerals;
• sidereal oge (Arabic numerals).

N'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ Prague Astronomical Elekere, ama elekere na Old Town Square na Prague anaghị ịsụgharị n'ime okpomọkụ, ka ọkara nke afọ ha na-egosi na-ezighị ezi oge (otu awa n'azụ European).

Kalenda Ịkpọ oku na-mma na 12 medallions ọ bụla na-anọchite anya Mpaghara si n'ime obodo ndụ nke Middle Ages.

Na-egosi na mbara igwe elekere?

The elekere na Old Town Square na Prague nwere ike na-akpọ a obere planetarium, nke na-egosi na steeti nke eluigwe na ala. Site n'enyemaka nke n'ibu astrolabe, ọ bụ ezie na ọ e wuru na Middle Ages, ị pụrụ ịhụ na ọnọdụ nke Sun na Ọnwa.

The oyiyi nke Earth (acha anụnụ anụnụ gburugburu) na ụfọdụ akụkụ nke elu-igwe (elu) na-anọchi anya na ndabere. On disk 4 agbagharị akpụ akpụ akụkụ: a mgbanaka nke Zodiac ịrịba ama na mpụga, onyinyo nke anyanwụ na ọnwa.

N'ụbọchị anyanwụ Nkea gafee-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-akpakọrịta, na abalị - na nwa. Na awa nke chi ọbụbọ na chi jiri - uhie ebe ndabere. Iji na-ekpe nke mmiri e dere avrora (ala) na Ortus (ọwụwa anyanwụ), nri - ntọala (anyanwụ dara) na crepusculum (mgbede).

Golden Sun na-akpali gburugburu nke dị gburugburu Zodiac ịrịba ama na ngosipụta na iji akụ igodo na a ọlaedo aka ruo oge ụfọdụ:

• banyere ndị Roman numerals ama obodo Prague oge;
• ọnọdụ ọkụ na curved ọlaedo edoghi na-ekpebi oge Babilọn;
• na elu mgbanaka nke aka-egosi awa agafeela mgbe anyanwụ dasịrị na Old Bohemian Calculus;
• Ọnwa ngagharị na-ewe ebe na ecliptic na ukwuu na-agba, na ọla-ọcha okirikiri egosi ọnwa na-adọ.

The n'elu nke elekere ihu

The elekere na Old Town Square na Prague, dọtara uche nke ndị njem nleta ọ bụla hour (ngosi na-ewe ebe site 9.00 ka 21.00).

The elu Ịkpọ oku - nkà mmụta mbara igwe, n'akụkụ ya bụ 4 ọgụgụ, nke na-emi odude na abụọ nke elekere. A na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-anọchi anya ndị na-eleda anya mmadụ ọjọọ:

• ọnwụ, a na-echetara nke impermanence nke ndụ;
• efu picture ọgụgụ na a mirror;
• anyaukwu (Jew na a obere akpa);
• Turk na-anọchite anya a ize ndụ ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ Habsburg esite na ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman.

N'Ụlọ Elu n'elu Ịkpọ oku emi odude windo na ibo ụzọ, nke n'aka nke ịkpali ọgụgụ n'ime ndịozi 12. Motion ọkpụkpụ (onwu), nke akwusila eriri-amalite na ọdịdị nke NdŽozi na igbe: St. Peter esetịpụ isi, St. Matei egwu na anyu-ike, St. Paul ejide a akwụkwọ, St. Jan - Cup, St. Jakub - spindle ..... St. Simon -. hụrụ, St. Thomas - .. ube, St. Ondrej na Filip ẹkenịmde obe, St. Bartholomew squeezes aka ya akpụkpọ anụ, St. Banabas esetịpụ a akwụkwọ mpịakọta, na St. Thaddeus esetịpụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru ya na ogwe aka na a folder ....

The ala ihu nke elekere

Clocks na Old Town Square, Prague nwere abụọ na ikpo - Zodiac (kwukwara na 1490) bụ ndị na-mma na abụọ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ: ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere, angel-enyocha mbara igwe na nkà ihe ọmụma.

Na elu gburugburu nke nwa agba bụ ibughari gburugburu nke Zodiac ịrịba ama, na-egosi ọnọdụ nke anyanwụ na ecliptic. Ịrịba ama na-emi odude na na-na iji nke counterclockwise. Obere gold kpakpando na-ezo aka vernal equinox.

Dị ka Zodiac Ịkpọ oku nwere ike ikpebi Zodiac ịrịba ama, aha, ụbọchị na ọnwa nke nwa. Otú ọ dị, na Town Ụlọ Nzukọ na-ekokwasị a oyiri, na mbụ (dere J. Manes na XIX narị afọ.) On ngosi na Prague Museum of History.

N'oge ngosi nke niile shapes na ndịozi 12 akpali. Na nke a, na Turks nọ n'ikwe isi-ya, na-egosi na a miser obere akpa. The ogwugwu nke dum arụmọrụ bụ a n'ike mmụọ nsọ, egosi mmalite nke a ọhụrụ hour.

Akụkọ banyere Orloe

Otu n'ime akụkọ ndị a na-ụbọchị mgbe elekere na Old Town Square (Prague, Czech Republic) bụ ka na-ewu. Master Hanus, onye kwukwara na chimes kalenda Ịkpọ oku, otú see obodo ọchịchị na nkà na ịma mma nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke na ha kpebiri ịnapụ ya ihe ahụ ugbu a gaa n'ihu na ọ bụ ebe ọ bụla na ọ dịghị onye ga-enwe ike rụọ yiri elekere. Iwe site Master kpebiri igbu onwe site amapụ site a elu n'ime usoro nke elekere, mgbe ahụ chimes kwụsịrị n'ihi na a afọ ole na ole n'ihi na nke unan. History, Otú ọ dị, refutes akụkọ, Master Hanus (ezigbo aha ya bụ Jan Rouge) n'ezie gbanwetụrụ nche ije, na ndị niile ọzọ - akụkọ ifo.

Ọzọ akụkọ na-ekwu na mgbe ị kwụsị elekere ga-abụrụ-eme ọdachi. Nke a na-akwụsị mere n'oge na-arụ nke na Czech Republic ndị Nazi, nke e dechara nri on Old Town Square na mbibi nke ndị na Soviet agha nke ikpeazụ German agha Prague May 8, 1945

Otu nke ikpeazụ-akwụsị nke elekere ada itie ke 2001, mgbe nke mere ọtụtụ idei mmiri, na-erikpu Czech isi obodo (August 2002).

Prague Orloj: reviews na-anọ amụta

CHIME on Starometstkoy Square - otu n'ime ndị isi na-adọrọ mmasị nke Prague, nke na-adọta ọtụtụ puku ndị njem na-abịa na ìgwè ọ bụla hour anya na arụmọrụ na-akpụ akpụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ.

N'abalị dịghị ihe oyiyi na-adịghị adị, nke elekere na mkpara na-arụ mweghachi na ntaghari ohuru nke usoro na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-elu. Ese achọ kwa ụbọchị na-elekọta (lubrication usoro na ndị ọzọ.), Ma na-ekiri ihe ndị a.

Ọtụtụ ndị njem na-abịa na-enwe mmasị na elekere na Old Town Square na Prague, nzaghachi gị na-kwupụtara na-atọ ụtọ na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi. Orla emi odude ke center nke Prague na ebe na-enwe na Christmas na ndị ọzọ na ezumike ememe, fairs na-ẹkenịmde. Ebe e nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na cafes na-atọ ụtọ-eko na obodo nri.

ọgwụgwụ

Na 2010, Prague Orloj agba ya 600th ncheta. Na obodo e nwere ndị festive ihe raara nye ihe omume a. All gara aga ọtụtụ narị afọ, nke a ma ama Astronomical Elekere na Prague adọta ọtụtụ ndị njem nleta, na ha na-anọgide na-ewu ewu karịa otu narị afọ.

Mma karịsịa bụ ebe ke New Year ememe: na center nke square na-edoziri na obodo kasị ukwuu Christmas osisi na ndokwa gburugburu a festive show, nke gbara ochie spiers na castles reminiscent nke a fairytale na a oké egwuregwu mmetụta.