Trunking njikọ: arụmọrụ. Trunking nkwurịta okwu usoro

Onye ọzọ na cellular netwọk nwere ike ịbụ trunked nkwurịta okwu usoro. Ndị a technology ngwọta na-n'ọtụtụ ebe gburugburu ụwa. Ọtụtụ Russian ụlọ ọrụ, ma na nzuzo na ọha na eze, na-ahọrọ dị nnọọ trunking nkwurịta okwu. Gịnị bụ ya specificity? Gịnị bụ uru nke nwoke ngwọta n'ihu ndị ọzọ na-ewu ewu nkwurịta okwu ụkpụrụ na-ẹkenam ke Russia na mba ndị ọzọ?

Gịnị bụ trunking usoro?

Trunking nkwurịta okwu - a ụdị terrestrial mobile nkwukọrịta akụrụngwa radially-zonal ụdị. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ site na nkesa ọwa repeaters n'etiti ndị debanyere aha na akpaka mode. Ọzọkwa, okwu ahụ bụ "trunking nkwurịta okwu" kwekọrọ na a usoro nke onye ọrụ ohere ka a họrọ set of ọwa, n'ime nke free akụ na-ekenyela a kpọmkwem ụtụ magazin maka oge nke njikọ.

Trunking akụrụngwa a na-ọkọnọ:

- n'ala akụrụngwa;

- ụtụ magazin ụgbọ.

Ọdịdị nke mbụ mmewere trunked akụrụngwa na-agụnye isi ụgbọ na controllers. Modern echiche nke kwekọrọ ekwekọ ụdị ngwá ekwe inye ojiji nke nkwurịta okwu na-kpuchie nke onye, otu ma ọ bụ ohuru oku ụdị. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọ bụ omume na-jikọọ otu ụtụ magazin ebe ọzọ n'ejighị isi ojii ego.

The ụdị nkwurịta okwu bụ na ọdabara ka a dịgasị iche iche nke ọha nche agha nsogbu. Ọ dị mkpa ebe a na-erube na oru chọrọ SORM trunked nkwurịta okwu na usoro. Ndị na-na-ofu na departmental ụkpụrụ.

trunking nkwurịta okwu ọrụ:

Tụlee ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi nke trunked nkwurịta okwu na usoro.

Kwesịrị ekwesị technology-agụnye iji ihe ultra-obere mmiri na ebili mmiri, nakwa dị ka mobile nkwukọrịta. Dịkwuo mgbaàmà nso na-tinye n'ọrụ na trunked akụrụngwa repeater. Nke anyị na-ahụ kwuru na na ya ugbu mejupụtara nke isi ụgbọ. Ọ nwere ike na-anọchi anya dị ka onye ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ ihe - na nke mbụ ahụ na netwọk ga-nkewa dị ka a otu saịtị na abụọ - ka a multi-mpaghara.

The mbụ network trunking nkwurịta okwu na-enye ohere iji hazie na mmekọrịta nke ọtụtụ narị ndị debanyere aha. Ugbu a n'ihi na Nsonye na netwọk akụrụngwa chọrọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke isi ụgbọ nwere ike inye a njikọ n'etiti fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụla ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị debanyere aha. Trunking ọrụ nwere ike igbunye oku na-ebute ụzọ na-enye nkwurịta okwu dị iche iche ụdịdị - simplex, duplex. Modern akụrụngwa kwesịrị ekwesị ụdị nwere ike inye nchedo enwetaghị ikike ohere ọwa na-ege ntị, na-enyere mmepụta ngwaọrụ na Internet. Trunking nkwurịta okwu usoro bụ dijitalụ na analọg.

Onye na-eji trunking usoro?

Trunking na sistemụ na-na-, dị ka anyị kwuru na mbụ, ndị radially-zonal ọcha nke netwọk akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ na ihe àjà ihe ọṅụṅụ na-adịghị nso, lekwasịrị anya tumadi na ụlọọrụ ahịa, na ndị mmanye iwu ụlọ ọrụ. Mgbe isi ahịa nke mobile rụọ - n'otu n'otu. Trunking kasị mma ruru eru n'ihi na nzukọ nke arụmọrụ nkwurịta okwu n'ime dị iche iche nke ndị ọkachamara - ka ihe atụ, mgbe ndị na-amị nke oru, e, na-enyere ndị ọzọ, mgbe ọ na-abịa mberede ọrụ.

Nke anyị na-ahụ kwuru na-ewere echiche nke nkwukọrịta na-achọ ikwu ọrụ. N'ezie, mkpa owuwu bụ isi ọrụ nke a nkwurịta okwu umu. Nke a bụ n'ihi na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke isi iche trunking nkwukọrịta, akpan akpan, si cell - maara nkịtị. Ya bụ:

- ekwe omume nke ihe fọrọ nke ozugbo - n'ime 0,5 sekọnd, na njikọ nke onye ụtụ magazin ọzọ;

- ekpebi mkpa nke nkwurịta okwu na ọwa ;

- ekwe omume nke ndị debanyere aha onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-enweghị iji a isi ojii;

- nnweta ego maka netwọk nhazi dị ka onye ọrụ chọrọ;

- ekwe omume nke na-ahazi otu, na agbasa ozi n'ikuku, mberede, na-akpọ ndị detainees;

- nnweta ego ha na-encrypt nkwurịta okwu, na ikike ịnụ mkparịta ụka na-atụ ụtụ magazin.

A nhọrọ na-adịghị ahụkarị ot cellular. Ụfọdụ myirịta na trunking technology nwere a ọkọlọtọ mobile Push okwu. Ma, ọtụtụ nke ibiere bụ adabara ọrụ ọha na eze.

The cellular nkwukọrịta mma trunking? Mbụ niile, ike nyefee faịlụ data na a elu na-agba - merela agadi 4G ụkpụrụ ekwe ka index iru ọtụtụ iri megabits kwa nke abụọ. Otú ọ dị, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na adade ke TETRA ọkọlọtọ trunking nkwurịta okwu (ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere nkà na ụzụ na version R2), ụkpụrụ, nwekwara ike elu-ọsọ data nnyefe.

TETRA - digital technology a na-ewere na nkwukọrịta. Ma, ọ bụ uru arịba ama na trunking njikọ "Tetra" na RI version bụ ubé usụhọde R2 Standard - akpan akpan, na-data ọnụego. Ọ bụ ezie na isi nhọrọ ekwe omume nke ma teknụzụ n'ozuzu tụnyere. Ọ ga-abụ bara uru ka jiri ha tụnyere ndị ọzọ na-ahụkarị ụkpụrụ trunking nkwurịta okwu.

Basic ụkpụrụ trunking nkwukọrịta

Kacha nkịtị usoro na-agụnye, n'elu niile, ndị na-nkewa dị ka digital. Analọg trunking akụrụngwa adịghị kwa na ina. The kasị ewu ewu na-ekwurịta okwu nke ụkpụrụ nke ụdị:

- EDACS.

- iDEN.

- TETRA.

- APCO.

Tụlee atụmatụ nke ọ bụla n'ime ha na zuru ezu.

ọkọlọtọ EDACS

EDACS ọkọlọtọ e mepụtara site ama Swedish ụlọ ọrụ Ericsson. Ọ bụ nkewa dị ka a nzuzo. Nke a ọkọlọtọ na-agụnye nyefe nke data site na ọwa eji a dịgasị iche iche nke frequencies (ma n'ime 870 MHz). Dị ka akụkụ nke a trunked netwọk, ọ na-enye ohere ka ị na-enye a njikọ n'etiti 16 nke. Debanyere aha.

Weere ọkọlọtọ zuru ezu pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, ma a na-ewere gharazie ịba uru, dị ka eziokwu na-agụnye nnyefe nke analọg n'ókè, ọ bụ ezie na, na iji a digital akụrụngwa. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ, dị ka anyị kwuru na mbụ, na-emechi. trunking nkwurịta okwu ngwa na-emegharị ka ya, nwere ike inye naanị ụlọ ọrụ-Mmepụta.

ọkọlọtọ iDEN

Nke a ọkọlọtọ - na-na-emechi. Ọ haziri nke Motorola Corporation. Onye kasị ukwuu ina bụ na North America, mba ụfọdụ nke South America, na Asia. Weere technology nwere ike na-emejuputa atumatu ke kpuchie nke mbụ ogwe netwọk ka debanyere aha nke mobile rụọ ọrụ - dị ka-eziga SMS, fax, internet njikọ.

Na Russia, na mkpa ọkọlọtọ emeghị agbasa, ọkachamara na-ekwu, bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na, dị ka eji kpuchie nke ya ugboro - 805-821 MHz ma ọ bụ 855-866 MHz adịghị kwa ezigbo okwu nke idozi nsogbu ndị bụ isi na-ọrụ nke trunked nkwurịta okwu na sistemụ na- dị ka anyị kwuru na mbụ, bụ ọrụ ọha na eze. Site n'ụzọ, na ụlọ ọrụ Motorola ka a tọhapụrụ a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe ngwọta na-dakọtara na ma a trunking ma ọ bụ na cellular technology.

Tetrapol Pas

Nke a nkwurịta okwu ọkọlọtọ e mepụtara na France site Matra Communication nyere site na French nzuzo ọrụ. Ji aka nke dịtụ ala frequencies - si 70 na 520 MHz, ojiji nke nke adịghị kwa-ewu ewu na mba ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, Russia mgbalị iji nwalee mkpa ọkọlọtọ trunking nkwukọrịta.

TETRA

Anyị na-ewere akụkụ ụfọdụ nke TETRA technology. Anyị ga-amụ ya kpọmkwem nkọwa.

Trunking njikọ "Tetra" - a, n'aka nke ya, na-emeghe nkwukọrịta ọkọlọtọ mepụtara European ọkachamara. Mpụga nke Europe ruo ogologo oge na ọ bụghị na-ahụkarị, ma ugbu a na-eji ọtụtụ Russian, Asian ụlọ ọrụ, African na South American ụlọ ọrụ.

Openness atụle ọkọlọtọ-enye ha ohere iji hụ ndakọrịta na dị iche iche Nsukka ngwá maka trunking nkwurịta okwu. Company na-ezube na-emepụta ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ngwaọrụ, ị ga-Otú ọ dị, na-a so na MoU TETRA, si otú ikwado ya njikere na-eme ka mmepe nke a technology. Ọtụtụ oge a na ụdị na-amị ngwá maka trunking netwọk, batara nzukọ.

Nke anyị na-ahụ kwuru na R2 ọkọlọtọ na-enye ohere data nnyefe na elu na-agba. Ọ bụ omume, akpan akpan, n'ihi na eziokwu na trunking nkwurịta okwu metụtara technology jikọtara na cellular brọdband ọwa.

The Russian ọkọlọtọ "TETRA" mara n'okpuru ika aha "TETRARUS". Ya mere, ọ na-eji maka iwuli telekomunikashions akụrụngwa n'oge Olympic Games in Sochi.

APCO 25

Ọzọ na-ewu ewu trunking nkwurịta okwu technology - APCO 25. Mepụtara site Association of Communication Services nche owuwu. Ụlọ ọrụ nke owuwu-emi odude ke US, na -ekwu, nke Virginia na Florida.

Ihe nke a ọkọlọtọ - na-ekwe omume nke na-enye nzikorita ozi na ọwa na a elu larịị nke nche iru eji dị iche iche izo ya ezo teknụzụ. Ọzọ dị ịrịba ama ikpehe APCO bụ na ọ na-enye gị ohere iji a dịgasị iche iche nke frequencies - si 139 na 869 MHz. Elu larịị nke nchebe, nke na-enye ndị kwesịrị ekwesị trunking nkwurịta okwu usoro-ekpebi a elu iji ina ya si Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na Russia ekesa ya nkwurịta okwu ụkpụrụ, na-arụ ọrụ na ụkpụrụ nke trunking. Ha were bụ n'ihi na mkpa ike nnọọ pụrụ ịdabere na ala nkwukọrịta akụrụngwa. Ọ bụrụ na ndị aka nke ndị dị otú ahụ na-abịaru nso na-etinyere trunking nkwurịta okwu usoro bụ na ngwá agha silahRF. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na nkwukọrịta teknụzụ eji na Russian agha, e kpọmkwem maka mkpa nke na-azara ọnụ ma na-adịghị mere maka uka primnenie.

The isi suppliers nke trunked nkwukọrịta ọrụ na Russia

Tụlee ihe ụfọdụ ụdị na Russia anapụta ọrụ na iji teknụzụ na ajụjụ.

Famous Russian ọrụ trunking nkwurịta okwu - na ụlọ ọrụ "RadioTel". Ọ nwere akụrụngwa iwekota mobile netwọk n'obodo ukwu ụgbọ. Ọ na-anapụta ngwọta maka mberede ọrụ, mberede, onwe ahịa.

Otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu Russian trunking ọrụ - "Tetrasvyaz". Ọ specializes mejuputa atumatu ngwọta n'ime TETRA ọkọlọtọ na n'ógbè dị iche iche nke Russia. Ọ na-anapụta a dịgasị iche iche nke ọrụ - si imewe ka ndị trunking netwọk ọrụ.

Ihe ọzọ bụ isi brand na trunking ngwọta na ahịa - "Regiontrank". The ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ọrụ tumadi na Moscow na mpaghara, nakwa dị ka n'ógbè ụfọdụ nke Russian Federation Center. Brand n'ọnọdu onwe ya dị ka a na-eweta nke ngwọta na-emegharị ka nkọwapụta nke azụmahịa Filiks kpọmkwem Mgbakọnata ọchịchị.

Ọzọ maara nke ọma ụlọ ọrụ, nke na-arụ ọrụ na nke nke trunking technology - "Center-Telco". Ọ nwere ike na-ahụ kwuru na ya akụrụngwa ngwọta etinyere, na-arụ ọrụ ke kpuchie nke EDACS ọkọlọtọ.

Atụmanya maka mmepe nke trunking ngwọta na Russia

Ya mere, anyị mụtara na a trunking nkwurịta okwu, ụkpụrụ nke iwu nkwurịta okwu na ya na ụkpụrụ. Ka anyị hụ ihe ndị ọkachamara na-ekwu banyere ihe ndị dị maka mmepe nke kwesịrị ekwesị ngwọta na Russia. Nsogbu a bụ a isiokwu nke isi nzukọ na ndị nnọchiteanya nke na-Russian telekomunikashions ụlọ ọrụ - ụlọ ọrụ, na-enye ọrụ na ndị ahịa ha.

The obodo na-atụle uru nke kwesịrị ekwesị trunking ngwọta bụ isi cellular technology, nakwa dị ka applicability nke ẹdude ụkpụrụ data nkwukọrịta na Russian Federation. Ya mere, n'etiti ndị ọkachamara na ubi nke ngwọta na ajụjụ, nkịtị si ele ihe anya, dị ka nke maka Russia ga-akasị mma dị nnọọ ma TETRA technology - ikwe maka mmepe nke Telecommunication ọrụ na Russian Federation.

Nke anyị na-ahụ kwuru na ọ bụ "TETRA" ọkọlọtọ a họọrọ maka iwu nkwurịta okwu akụrụngwa nke Olympic Games in Sochi. Ma na Russia, otu ụzọ ma ọ bụ ọzọ, na-anọchi anya ọtụtụ ndị trunking nkwurịta okwu teknụzụ ndị na-eme n'ebe ọ bụla n'ụwa - na na na-adịghị na-agụta ndị pụrụ iche agha nmepe. A ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke mkpa iche nke ngwọta na-agbakwunyere na Russian Federation, n'ihi, n'elu ihe nile, na enweghị edo nakweere na gọọmenti etiti larịị, na ibiere na-ahọpụta ndị kasị mma technology nyiwe maka iwuli trunking akụrụngwa.

Mmepe nke kwekọrọ ekwekọ ụdị nkwukọrịta na Russia nwere ike isi ike ambiguous banyere uru nke a mkpebi nke isi nke ngalaba, onye bụ isi na-ọrụ nke technology-atụle. N'ihi na ha na ọ bụghị mgbe niile doro anya kara trunking akụrụngwa n'elu cellular netwọk. Nke a bụ n'ihi na dị iche iche ihe.

Mbụ, eziokwu ahụ bụ na ngwa nke analọg trunking nkwurịta okwu systems, digital ngwọta nke kwesịrị ekwesị ụdị kwesịrị, dị ka a na-achị, budata ọzọ dị oké ọnụ karịa ndị Ofe maka ojiji nke cellular technology. Na nke a, ụlọ ọrụ na-adịghị n'ime akaụntụ ndị doro anya uru nke trunking nkwurịta okwu - bụ, n'elu ihe nile, na arụmọrụ na nche nke mkparita uka na-ebunye ọmụma. Ọzọkwa, n'ezie na-akwụ ụgwọ jikọtara na iji ekwentị, mgbe njikọ aka trunking ngwọta nwere ike budata ala karịa na ikpe nke cellular nkwukọrịta - na kwesịrị ekwesị haziri nke a na ụdị nkwurịta okwu akụrụngwa.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na trunking nkwurịta okwu ụkpụrụ emetụta ọ bụghị nanị iji hụ na arụmọrụ mkparita uka n'etiti debanyere aha. Na ndabere nke mkpa teknụzụ nwere ike na-emejuputa atumatu n'ọnọdu System ihe - na njikọ na ya GPS-achịkọta, nakwa dị ka ya nsuso na nlekota emmepe. N'otu oge ahụ na-ewu kwesịrị ekwesị akụrụngwa nwere ike anaghị achọ iwebata dịtụ oké ọnụ duplex ngwọta - nwere ike igosi na zuru ezu na simplex ngwaọrụ. Nke a na usoro nke na ngwa nke trunking nkwurịta okwu - ọzọ ibu na-akpata nke mmasị na ya si dị iche iche Russian ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ.

nchịkọta

Ya mere, anyị mụtara na a trunking technology, na-ewere isi nkwurịta okwu ụkpụrụ, kwekọrọ ekwekọ ha. Isi ọrụ nke mkpa mkpebi - na Russian pụrụ iche ọrụ, institutional akụkụ, nnukwu ulo oru. The Russian agha nkeji eji trunking nkwurịta okwu usoro, e kpọmkwem agha aga-eme - gbara.

Isi uru nke mara na teknụzụ: data mgbanwe arụmọrụ, ozi nche, elu na-agba data nnyefe (na ikpe nke elu digital ụkpụrụ), ike iru netwọk na a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ - nyere ojiji nke elu na-nyere na a zuru ezu ego nke isi ụgbọ.

Na trunking netwọk nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-emekarị na cellular - ọrụ na àjà ihe ọṅụṅụ obere nso, ike izipu ozi ederede n'etiti ngwaọrụ, ma nweta Ịntanetị mgbe ojiji nke mkpa ngwaọrụ. Hardware ngwọta na-eji n'ime trunking akụrụngwa, ndị na-emekarị ihe dị oké ọnụ. Ma ha, mmejuputa iwu kachasị ahịa ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ịzọpụta ukwu - isi na okporo ụzọ.

Na a ụwa mere nnọọ ọtụtụ trunking nkwurịta okwu na ụkpụrụ. Na Russia na Europe, ndị kasị ewu ewu technology e ji "TETRA" na US - APCO. Mgbe ke Russia na a ụfọdụ ruo n'ókè nke ọrụ abuana kasị nke ụwa trunking ụkpụrụ.

Atụmanya kwesịrị ekwesị ụdị nke njikọ na Russian Federation bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu dabere na ihe ụdị technology ga-adiaha dị ka ndị na-eduga - dịkarịa ala na ọtụtụ mpaghara nke mba. E nwere ihe mgbakwasị na-ekwu na isi ọkọlọtọ ka 'ga-TETRA "- dị ka ndị kasị mma maka Russia dabeere na kpọmkwem mmepe nke telekomunikashions ahịa na mba.

Ndị ọzọ dị ịrịba ọnọdụ maka ihe ịga nke ọma mmepe nke ndị dị otú ahụ na nkà na ụzụ ka ebe trunking nkwukọrịta na Russian Federation - azụ larịị nke ihe ọmụma na-akọ management ngalaba, nke na-ahụ n'ezie ma nwere ọrụ nke mkpa mkpebi. Ezie na ọtụtụ uru nke owuwu nke ike n'okpuru echiche nke nkà na ụzụ echiche - bụghị doro anya. Ma, n'ezie, nwere trunking ngwọta na Russian Federation - nwere ya n'ji, ha na-ama nnọọ ifịk ifịk na-eji. Na Russia nakweere ụkpụrụ na-achịkwa ojiji nke kwesịrị ekwesị technology nche ọrụ. N'ihi ya, n'ogo nke iwu iwu na Russian Federation kere ọnọdụ maka mmepe nke trunking nkwurịta okwu.

N'ezie, ọ pụrụ ịbụ na ọ dị mkpa ịzụlite na ịmụta ọzọ na iwu omume, mmetụta nke nke ga-emetụta na obodo okirikiri - ma na ikpe nke na-adọrọ mmasị na ndị azụmahịa obodo na isi oru, otu onye nwere ike na-atụ anya na mkpa, atumatu n'ogo nke na-achị ike owuwu.

Development nke atụle teknụzụ na Russian Federation ike deere na mmụba nke akporo ngwa, nakwa dị ka na mma nke ngwaike na software actuated iji hụ na ịrụ ọrụ nke trunking akụrụngwa.