Usoro ọbara

Usoro ọbara a bụ netwọk na-emechi mgbagwoju anya nke na-agụnye okirikiri abụọ (nke na-asọ oyi ma ọ bụ obere ma ọ bụ buru ibu) nke ikesa na "mgbapụta dị n'etiti" - obi.

A na-ekewa arịa niile n'ime veins, obere arịa (capillaries) na akwara. Ndị nke ikpeazụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ịkọ akwara oxygen-enriched, ọbara "dị ọcha" n'ahụ akụkụ na anụ ahụ. Akụrụngwa bụ arịa kachasị ọnụ, nke a na-emepụta akpụkpọ anụ ahụ. Usoro mgbasa ozi na-agụnye nnukwu arịa ndị na-agbanye n'ime ndị dị ntakịrị (arterioles), nke na-emezi usoro netwọk nke thinnest. Ha na-ekpofu ahihia ma na-emepụta ngwaahịa bara uru na ikuku oxygen. Site na capillaries, arterioles jikọtara na veins n'ime anụ ahụ.

Venous ọbara usoro bụ maka mmepụta outflow jupụta na carbon dioxide ọbara. N'elu arịa ndị a ọbara na-alaghachi n'obi. Obere na obere veins nwere valves na-egbochi nloghachi (ila) ọbara.

Obi na-anọchite anya obi na-anọchi anya ya na ụlọ anọ. Ọ gụnyere atria abụọ (ịnweta ụlọ) na ventricles abụọ, nke na-eme nfuli. N'ime obi, e nwere nkedo nkewa. A na-eji valvụ aka ekpe ekpe aka ekpe na aka ekpe dị n'aka abụọ, ventricle kwesịrị ekwesị na atrium ziri ezi bụ valve atọ. N'iji eriri valvụ ahụ, eriri aka na-ejikọta na n'akụkụ ventricular. Ọrụ nke valves bụ igbochi ọkpụkpụ ọbara.

Obi dị jikọtara obi na - pericardium.

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, na ọbara usoro mejupụtara abụọ ọbara usoro. Otú ọ dị, ndị ọkachamara na-ekwukarị banyere atọ - obi gburugburu. A na-akwanyere ya ùgwù n'ihi mkpa ya, ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ ọrụ maka inye myocardium. Malite gburugburu ụgha na abụọ akwara (akwara) akwara, na n'efu site na isi nke na-arịgo aorta. N'ịbanye na myocardium obi, ha na-emepụta netwọk nke obere obere akwara. Myocardium bụ nke nwere usoro mgbasa ozi nke ọma, nke na-enye usoro ngbanwe na anụ ahụ. Site na ọbara myocardium nke na-efe efe na-abanye n'ime aka nri site n'akụkụ ọtụtụ akwara ọbara. Site na mkpaka nke obi obi, a na-eme ka ọbara mgbali. N'ihi ya, ọbara ọbara na-akpali.

Large gburugburu amalite na ekpe ventricle. Mkpi nke obi muscle ije akwalite ọbara ọbara n'ebe aorta, na mgbe niile na akụkụ na anụ ahụ. N'okwu a, inye nri na oxygen na saturation nke ọbara na ngwaahịa nke ndụ cellular na carbon dioxide na-ewere ọnọdụ. A na-anakọta ọbara n'ime veins site na capillaries. Site na nrịgo elu na nke ala, ọ na-abanye n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị, na-emechi nnukwu gburugburu.

Obere gburugburu sitere na ventricle aka nri. Blood si veins banyere nri atrium, aga n'ime nri ventricle, site na nke ìhè abatakwa akwara. Na-agafe na capillaries ahụ ọkụ, a napụtara ya na carbon dioxide na, na-ejupụta na oxygen, na-arterial ma na-aga n'ime atrium n'aka ekpe.

Physlogeny nke usoro ọbara na vertebrates niile bụ otu. Ụdị nke usoro ihe a na-agụnye ihe aorta, akwa microcirculatory (gụnyere ihe mkpuchi capillary), akwara, obi na veins. Na usoro a, a na-ewepụ netwọk lymphatic n'oge mmalite. Mgbanwe ndị dị na nhazi nke usoro ọbara gụnyere mgbanwe nke ụdị respiration site na usoro mgbochi na usoro mgbagwoju anya.

A na-emeso ọrịa nke usoro ọbara ọbara (ọrịa vascular), dị ka usoro, na-emeso dịka ụdị arịa ndị emetụta. Ya mere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịbịanye na mgbidi ndị dị na mgbada na-eme ka ndị na-eme ihe egwuregwu na-akpalite. Na aorta, usoro atherosclerotic ma ọ bụ ihe na-efe efe na-emepekarị. Ọkpụkpụ ya nwere ike ime n'ihi ịda mbà n'obi nke mgbidi ma ọ bụ trauma. Na mgbanwe nke arteries arteriosclerotic nwere ike ime ma ọ bụ ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ime. Akwara nke etiti na-emetụta atherosclerosis. Na veins, veinsose veins ma ọ bụ mbufụt (phlebitis) na-emekarị.