Ụyọkọ kpakpando na ihe owuwu nke eluigwe na ala

definition nke na-enweghị nsọtụ

Universe - a collection of niile nke na-adị na cosmos. Ọ bụ enweghi ngwụcha na ohere, n'ihi na otu onye nwere ike ikpo ya ókè. Ọ bụ ebighị ebi oge n'ihi na ọ kpọkwasịwo a ọdịda nnukwu, na mgbe jụrụ bụ ka ihe ga-eme n'ebe ahụ. Isi sayensị na-amụ onye mmiri nke eluigwe na ala: Chemistry explores molekụla ụwa, physics - elementrị ahụ na atọm, bayoloji bụ maka ọmụmụ nke ndị phenomena nke okike. Ọdịdị nke eluigwe na ala dị ka a dum na-amụ cosmology dabeere na nchepụta nke mbara igwe.

ụdị nke eluigwe na ala

Ngwa mmepe nke cybernetics dị iche iche research chọrọ amụba ewu ewu na nke ịme ngosi uwe Ozizi. Ihe kachasi mkpa a Ozizi bụ ọmụmụ nke nlereanya kwekọrọ na mbụ ezigbo ihe. Ịmepụta ụdị nke onye phenomena na-eme ka na-omimi ọmụmụ nke gbara ya gburugburu ụwa. N'ihi na a ogologo oge enyocha mbara igwe ifịk ifịk na-amụ Ọdịdị nke eluigwe na ala na ihe e chepụtara echepụta homogeneous (isotropic).

Einstein chọrọ ndị cylindrical nlereanya na nke obodo curvature kọwaa oge na ohere-edu ndú ka ndị zuru ụwa ọnụ curvature nke eluigwe na ala. Na nlereanya a, oge ahazi na-adịghị kpudo, ie uniformly oge na-aga n'oge gara aga na-eme n'ọdịnihu. Ọzọkwa, nke a nlereanya a mma astrophysicist Villemom De setter, onye tụrụ aro na ndabere nke red nnofega, oge na-aga dị iche iche n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke eluigwe na ala.

Taa, ndị kasị ewu ewu nlereanya nke ịgbasa eluigwe na ala, chọrọ site Friedman. Na nke a echiche, na Ọdịdị nke eluigwe na ala a zuru ụwa ọnụ curvature nke mgbe niile gravitating pụta. Na nkà mmụta sayensị na ụwa na-arụrịta ụka abụọ mgbanwe ịgbasa nlereanya:

- mechiri emechi nlereanya eburu gradual deceleration mgbasa dị ka a n'ihi nke ndọda deceleration;

- oghe nlereanya na-atụ aro a ibelata mgbasa ofụri ihe infinitely ogologo oge.

Ọ bụla nlereanya nke eluigwe na ala bụ naanị otu ezigbo ihe, ya mere na ihe ya na-amụ kpere usoro iwu, ha na-achọ uru na nkwenye.

Galaxy n'eluigwe na ala

Taa, Earth ọkà mmụta sayensị na-edebe naanị otu eluigwe na ala, ma ọ bụghị ihe ndabere maka nzọrọ na ọ bụ ihe pụrụ iche. Structure na Evolution nke Universe bụ a zuru ụwa ọnụ, nsogbu ndị cosmological ọmụmụ. All nke ya kpakpando na n'eluigwe na merged n'ime a nnukwu kpakpando usoro, a na-akpọ ụyọkọ kpakpando. Onye ọ bụla galaxy nwere a Central isi, na gburugburu ogwe aka ya gburugburu, nke na akwado a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke kpakpando, na mpụta na n'ụdị n'ígwé ojii, esịnede obere kpakpando. Stars na-mụrụ, ndụ, na-akpụ akpụ na ohere, na-anwụ. Anyị galaxy, Central kpakpando bụ Sun, na mbara igwe, ọ dị ka ya, na-ebi site na 10 ruo 15 ijeri afọ. Ugbu a, anyanwụ dị n'etiti afọ.

The galaxy nke anyị bi na-akpọ Milky Way n'ihi ya ụgbọelu na karịa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kpakpando, gas na ájá bụ anya na mbara igwe n'abalị ka a ijuputa n'igirigi-egbukepụ egbukepụ. The gbalaga nke a na-egbukepụ egbukepụ daputara obosara mgbanaka nke dum mbara igwe. Milky Way - n'ụyọkọ kpakpando bụ bụghị nanị, akụrụngwa nke Ọdịdị nke eluigwe na ala. E nwere a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ ụyọkọ kpakpando na-apụghị ịgụta ọnụ kpakpando. Ka ihe atụ, ndị Andromeda na Magellanic n'ígwé ojii, emi odude na ihe-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche anya n'aka anyị.

Ọdịdị nke nkesa okwu

Ọdịdị nke eluigwe na ala bụ ìgwè nke ewepụghị Ibé akwụkwọ galactic, iche site na mpaghara nke n'ụzọ dịghị luminescent ihe onwunwe. Ndị a voids nwere a size nke banyere 100 Mpc. The mbụ mpempe akwụkwọ a hụrụ Great Wall, emi odude nsannsan 200 nde ìhè afọ. Great Wall - a otu ụyọkọ kpakpando, na-enwe a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 15 nde ìhè .. afọ na size - 500 nde DM .. afọ.

Na Ọdịdị nke eluigwe na ala ọnọdụ nke Earth nwere ndị na-esonụ e ji mara: anyanwụ usoro mbara, a obodo ìgwè nke ụyọkọ na superclusters ụyọkọ kpakpando, na Orion ogwe aka, na galaxy - na Milky Way.