Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich: a obere biography maka ụmụaka

Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich, a obere biography nke na-enyocha usoro ọmụmụ - ama Mkpụrụ Ndụ Ihe Nketa, a Russian ọkà, geographer, nchoputa nke ozizi nke si malite na-emezu osisi na ndu bases nke nhọrọ, na initiator nke ihe e kere eke nke set of nnyocha sayensị oru, a mụrụ na Moscow na November 25, 1887. Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị mere ka onye bara oké uru onyinye sayensị, nke a ghọtara ọkà gburugburu ụwa.

Ahuhu n'ihi na osisi site na nwata

Nna Nicholas - Ivan Ilyich - si nwoke onye oru ugbo ezinụlọ, ọ bụ a ahịa nke abụọ Guild, na-emekwa ụfọdụ na-elekọta mmadụ na-eme. Tupu mgbanwe ada manufactory factory "Uninstall na Vavilov." Mama - Alexander M. - bụ nwa nwanyị nke onye na-ese-engraver Prohovskoy manufactory. All n'ime ezinụlọ, e nwere ụmụaka asaa, atọ n'ime ha nwụrụ na nwata. The tọrọ nwanne n'ọdịnihu ọkà mmụta sayensị - Sergei Vavilov - raara ndụ ya nye physics, tọrọ ntọala na Soviet na nkà mmụta sayensị akwụkwọ nke anụ ahụ Gbasara Anya, na 1945-1951 ọ gawa na Academy nke Sciences nke USSR. The okenye nwanne Alexander họọrọ ọgwụ ụzọ, na-aghọ nhazi nke Moscow ịdị ọcha netwọk. Lydia - Nwanne ya nwanyị, mụtara ịbụ a microbiologist, n'oge otu n'ime njem ndị mmadụ merela jidere kịtịkpa na nwụrụ. Nikolai Vavilov, a obere biography bụ na-akpali admirers nke ya na nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ, n'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ ụmụ, site na nwata bụ ụtọ nke ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi na-enwe a elu susceptibility eke sayensị. Nke a na-enwe ntụrụndụ na-eme ka obere akwụkwọ, map na herbarium onye nwere a nnukwu n'ọbá akwụkwọ nke nna-ya, na-akwalite e guzobere a ga-eme n'ọdịnihu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.

Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich: a obere biography maka ụmụaka

Site uche Nikolai Vavilov, nna debara aha na a azụmahịa ụlọ akwụkwọ. N'elu ya ẹkụre, na 1906, ọ malitere a na-amụrụ nke Institute of Agriculture (ndia Faculty) na Moscow. 1908 ji amụrụ njem na Transcaucasia na North Caucasus, ebe Vavilov N. I., a nkenke biography nke nke na-chọrọ na-amụ usoro ọmụmụ, duziri obodo na botanical nnyocha. Na 1910 ọ wee ebe agronomical omume na Poltava ibuo ọdụ, Vavilov ụgwọ maka inwekwu na-amị mkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ.

Mgbe oge nke ọmụmụ na na ulo akwukwo propensity ka nnyocha ọrụ gosipụtara Nicholas ugboro ugboro; na-amụrụ kwuru okwu ihu ọha na usoro ọmụmụ na osisi ụwa na Na na morphology, ọkọnọ a tesis gba ọtọ slogu, na-ebibi ala oru ubi Moscow n'ógbè. N'ihi na nke a na-arụ ọrụ, Nikolai Vavilov e ọdịda nke Moscow Polytechnic Museum. Mgbe ha gụsịrị akwụkwọ, a Ná ekwe nwa okorobịa e ekpe iji kwadebe maka a professorship na Department of Agriculture na kpebisiri ike ozuzu ojii nke ewumewu, ebe ọ malitere ịmụ anya na-emezu osisi ọgụ ka dịkwa ka usoro ha, nje. Parallel a, Nikolay Ivanovich kụziiri na Institute maka Women na Agriculture.

Maruuru ahụmahụ nke ha European ogbo

Site 1911 na 1912 na o nwere ya ụwa na St. Petersburg, nzube nke nke bụ ihe na-omimi iwebata ka ọdịdị ala nke na-emezu ọka, na-amụ ha e ji mara na ọrịa, na na 1913 - a njem ná mba ọzọ mezue ha ọzụzụ. Na Germany, Nikolai Ivanovich na-arụ ọrụ ruo oge ụfọdụ na a German ọkà ihe ọmụma laabu na n'okike Ernsta Gekkelya, na France maara ọhụrụ rụzuru nke ozuzu mkpụrụ England, edu Prọfesọ William Bateson (Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị geneticists nke na oge), nke Vavilov atụle onye nkụzi ya, na-amụ kwụsie ike ọrịa nke ọka. The First World War kpatara nke ịkwụsịtụ ọrụ, Nikolai nwere laghachi Moscow, ebe ọ nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ na-amụ osisi ọgụ, na-eduzi nwere ke mepere nurseries paired na Prọfesọ Zhegalovym S. I.

Mere akpa ke Persia Russian agha?

Na 1916, Nikolai Vavilov natara a eteufọk ogo mgbe ọma na-agafe ule; na n'otu oge ahụ, ọ gụpụrụ ịrụ ọrụ agha n'ihi na a ntụpọ nke n'anya (merụrụ ahụ a na nwata anya), ewebata ka a ọkachamara na okwu nke uka ọrịa na Persia agha nke Russian agha. Kpatara ọrịa bụ nwee ike ịchọpụta Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich. Short biography maka ụmụaka 2 akọwa na klas na nwetara n'ime ntụ ọka iberibe cockle nkpuru ero Stromantinia temulenta, na-emepụta ihe ndị pụrụ ime nsí na nwoke - ihe alkaloid temulin. The N'ihi nke ya ihe bụ ọnwụ nke nsụhọ, ọdụdọ, iro ụra, na dizziness; e-ekwe omume nke ọnwụ. The nsogbu ahụ na-edozi site n'igbochi ojiji nke obodo ngwaahịa; ndokwa deliveries malitere na Russia.

Mgbe anata ikike iduzi agha na-edu ndú nke njem, Vavilov wee miri n'ime Iran, na-etinye ihe mgbaru ọsọ na-enyocha samples of obodo ọka. Agha mkpụrụ osisi na England Persian wheat, Nikolai gbalịrị ụzọ dị iche iche ife efe ya na powdery mildew site n'itinye nitrogen fatịlaịza ọbụna mee ọrịa. All mgbalị kụrụ afọ n'ala, adịru ọkà mmụta sayensị kwuru na dịghịzi usoro osisi bụ kpọmkwem dabere na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ nke mbụ n'ụdị nke umu. Ọ bụ n'oge a ha gara, Nikolai Ivanovich pụtara ọtụtụ ndị chere na iwu nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa mgbanwe.

ọrụ ọma

1917 ji ntuli aka nke Vavilov si na-enyere aka isi nke Department of Applied Botany na nkwanye Regel R. E. Ọ dịghị onye n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ na osisi ọgụ, ike na-abịa oghere isiokwu nso n'otu oge zuru ezu ka a mata nke, dị ka Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich. Short biography maka ụmụaka na-agwa anyị na na 1917 na ọkà mmụta sayensị kwagara Saratov ebe na Higher Ọmụmụ nke Agriculture gawa na Department nke ozuzu, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na nkeonwe ugbo. Dị ka a prọfesọ na ndia Faculty si 1917 na 1921 na Saratov University, Vavilov ke ukem na nkuzi o wee na ibuo ọmụmụ nke ọgụ nke kụrụ. The N'ihi nke a oké ọrụ, nke na-agụnye na-amụ ọtụtụ narị iche na ọka wit na ọka oat, analysis dịghịzi iche na ha susceptibility ọrịa, na-ekpughe anatomical ikike, ama bipụtara na 1919. The monograph "The ọgụ nke osisi na-efe efe."

Na 1920, ndị a ma ama ọkà mmụta sayensị mere a ngosi banyere iwu na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa mgbanwe nke homologous nsonso ka Third All-Russia Congress, na-ahazi Committee nke ọ na-aga. The akụkọ aghọwo ndị kasị ibu ihe omume nke ụwa nke ndu sayensị, na ọma natara site na nkà mmụta sayensị na obodo.

Nwere, nnyocha, rụzuru

Na 1920, mgbe a hoputara na post of isi nke Department of Applied Botany na Nhọrọ, Nikolai Vavilov, a obere biography nke a kọwara na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, ọ kwagara Petrograd, ebe ọ malitere na a nnukwu iji duzie ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ. The isi nke nzukọ, emecha renamed All-Union Institute nke Osisi Vavilov nọgidere ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke 1940. Ọnụ na AA Yachevskim Nikolay Ivanovich e zitere United States ebe negotiated nkpuru esenyịn, n'inyocha n'otu oge, ọka na-eto eto na ebe nke US n'ókèala. Na ụzọ azụ a ọkà mmụta sayensị gara Belgium, Holland, France, Sweden, England, ebe ọ na-ejide a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nzukọ na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, zutere na ozuzu ụgbọ na nnyocha laboratories, ike ọhụrụ njikọ na ndokwa zuo nke nkà mmụta sayensị na ngwá, akwụkwọ na elu-edu mkpụrụ.

1923 ji Nikolaya Ivanovicha Vavilova nhoputa ndi ochichi ka Director nke State Institute of Na ndia. Na ụzọ nke ọkà mmụta sayensị na 20s a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke nnyocha ụgbọ, na-amụ ma na-enwe ụdị dị iche iche nke bara uru osisi e kere a dịgasị iche iche nke ihu igwe na ala ọnọdụ nke USSR.

Ihe bara oké uru onyinye sayensị

Biography Vavilova Nikolaya Ivanovicha nwere njikọ chiri anya na nkà mmụta sayensị njem ndị mmadụ merela, emejuputa si 1924 na 1929. Nke a bụ Afghanistan, Africa, na Mediterranean, Japan, China, Taiwan, Korea, n'oge nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị gbakwunye na collection of osisi (na ọtụtụ puku samples), na na-emepụta na-amụ emmepe nke na-eto eto ubi.

Na 1927, n'ihi na ihe ndị magburu onwe akụkọ "Obodo nwere na-amụ mgbanwe nke na-emezu osisi na USSR", nke Nikolai Ivanovich mere na Rome na a ogbako nke ugbo ọkachamara, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ọdịda nke Gold Nrite, na Conference kpebiri itinye mepụtara Vavilov usoro nke ala ubi ụwa.

Nikolai Vavilov Family

Vavilov Nikolay Ivanovich, a obere biography nke na-agwa ya ezigbo rụzuru na ụwa nke sayensị, lụrụ di kemgbe ugboro abụọ. First nwunye Ekaterina Nikolaevna ọkà mmụta sayensị Sakharov, site na alụmdi na nwunye na onye nwere nwa nwoke, Oleg. Ọ nwụrụ na 28 afọ na Caucasus na nkume rịa. Nwunye nke abụọ - Doctor nke Agricultural Sciences, bayoloji Elena Barulin na nke Nikolai maara site n'oge ụmụ akwụkwọ ya (1918); nwa agbọghọ aka na ọtụtụ mgbalị nke ya abara (gụnyere na njem na ndịda-ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Russia), na-ede isiokwu, gụnyere Vavilov akwụkwọ na ubi ubi. Family Elena Ivanovna na Nikolay kere 1926. Site na nke a di na nwunye mụrụ Yuri Vavilov, onye ghọrọ onye dọkịta nke anụ ahụ na nke mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị, nuclear physics na mere ihe ịchọ ihe ọmụma banyere nna ya na ha n'akwụkwọ.

N'ihi ihe e kere eke nke Vavilov Institute maka Mkpụrụ-eto eto, na akwukwo nri na nduku oru, subtropical ubi, viticulture, fodder, ọgwụ na aromatic osisi - ihe karịrị otu narị na nkà mmụta sayensị oru. Na 1930, Nikolai Vavilov gawa na Leningrad mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ime nnyocha nke USSR Academy, na 1931 - na All-Union Obodo Society.

Njide na n'ebubo ụgha

Ịga nke ọma ọrụ n'ụwa nile ude Nikolaya Ivanovicha Vavilova anọgidewokwa na-anyụ ya anyaụfụ, bụ onye dere, a akwụkwọ ozi Stalin na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ebubo, nke e boro ebubo Vavilov na-akpa iche si ezigbo ụta agriculture, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị aghara aghara nke Vavilov emeghị iche ezi iro nke Soviet ike. Parallel omume a ọha mkpagbu na periodicals. Ebe ọ bụ na 1934, Nikolai Ivanovich iwu si ịga mba ọzọ, ọrụ ya na-hụrụ na-unsatisfactory.

Vavilov e jidere August 1940, ebubo na counter-revolutionary eme. Na 1941, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ikpe ọnwụ; ikpe dochie ke 1942 site na 20 mkpọrọ afọ. Nikolai Ivanovich nwụrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ na Saratov mkpọrọ, rịara ọrịa n'oge a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ oyi baa, ọnyụnyụ ọbara; ke akpatre afọ nke ndụ ahụhụ dystrophy. Ọnwụ e mere site ojuju nke gbasara obi ọrụ. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị na-gbanwee na 1955: niile eboro ya na chepụtara, abụghị eziokwu. Lie Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich, a obere biography na mmasị a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ya admirers, na a ili, na ndị mkpọrọ ndị ọzọ.