VAZ-2101. The kpara "Kopeika"

"Zhiguli" VAZ-2101 - na Soviet subcompact ụgbọ ala, mbụ nlereanya, kere n'okpuru ikike si Italian nchegbu "Fiat" na isi nlereanya Fiat 124. The ụgbọ ala na-emepụta si 1971 na 1982, naanị 2,7 nde nkeji na-anakọtara, na otú a, ụgbọ ala nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-ahuta ka mba. N'ihi ya ndị na-eri nke igwe bụ na-edebe na ya ọnọdụ. Basic "Kopeika" VAZ-2101, dị ka ọ na-akpọ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala onye malitere ezinụlọ dum nke VAZ ụdị, a vasatail 2102, mma VAZ-2103, ihe kwalite 2106 nlereanya na 2105 na 2107. All nke ha na-aga na Chassis 2101 eji kwa na e ji mara nke pụtara " penny. "

Agreement na Italian ụgbọala nchegbu

Na August 1966, Moscow ngalaba nke Foreign Trade bịanyere aka a ikike nkwekọrịta na Italian ụlọ ọrụ "Fiat" na imekọ ihe ọnụ na ubi nke njem ụgbọ ala mmepụta. Maka owuwu nke nkwekọrịta mma site oru ngo na osisi na Soviet Union n'ihi na mmepụta nke atọ ụdị nke prototype Fiat 124: VAZ-2101 njem ụgbọ ala (Sedan), VAZ-2102 (n'ụgbọala) na okomoko ụgbọ ala - VAZ-2103.

"Fiat 124" na Russian ụzọ

Mgbe Italian Fiat 124 e weere na Russian ụzọ maka a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afọ nke ule, ndị ọ rụpụtara. The igwe-apụghị ejikwara nditịm na anya-ụzọ ọnọdụ nke USSR.

Isi nsogbu bụ ezughi oke ike nke igbe ahụ mere nke mkpa metal, inefficiency n'azụ diski brek na ala nwechapụ. Isi nanị unstuck mgbe ụgbọala n'elu potholes na bumps, ya ewu e mere maka widest omume window oghere n'ihu ma n'azụ windo, na mkpa strut na-adịghị nọ "na-agbagọkwa" mmega. N'azụ brek nanị na-arụ ọrụ, na ala igwe pellet e na-eme ka mmetụta na ala mmanụ pan na n'ihu axle protruding ọcha.

Dị ka a N'ihi nke na-anwale n'ọdịnihu nlereanya VAZ-2101, ndị e ji mara nke di mkpa nke mma, nweela n'azụ breeki drum, ndị ịnyịnya elu e mụbara site 30 millimeters, na ahụ, kama ntụpọ ịgbado ọkụ, obụpde ugbu a n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ihe niile njikọ. Ọzọkwa, nkesa aro nke engine si ala elu, ọ e mere n'ihi na mma nke Soviet ụgbọala nwe onye na-eji onwe ha kpatụ valvụ clearances. The usoro dị mfe, wepụ ikuku nyo si kabureto na camshaft cover n'ụzọ zuru ezu inweta. Anyị na-ihighari asatọ kposara, presses ya engine ngọngọ. Mgbe wepụ cover scrolled crankshaft na a kpọmkwem ụkpụrụ, na nri ka, ya mere na valves na-alternately tọhapụrụ. Onye ọ bụla valvụ na-anwale na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ya na rocker aro. nwechapụ ebelata ma ọ bụ na ụba ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Ozugbo gaps a nwalere na niile valves, mkpuchi na-emechi, ka azụ ndị ikuku nyo, ụgbọala dị njikere maka inwekwu ọrụ.

Isii mbụ mbipụta nke nlereanya VAZ-2101, nke ọkọnọ a foto ke ibuotikọ, anakọtara na April 1970, mmetụta dị aṅaa a nwalere n'ụzọ August, na na set, ma ọ bụghị ya zuru ike, nkpọkọta shop bịara ọzọ, na 1971. Mgbe 172.176 ụgbọala ha na-emepụta. Na 1972, nzukọ akara ka rịdata 379.008 ụgbọala, na na zuru ike nke osisi akwụ na 1974. Na N'ezie nke mmepụta nke nlereanya e mma, zuo okè agba technology, ndị kasị mma ihe ndị e ahọrọ maka full soundproofing ma melite n'ozuzu larịị nke nkasi obi.

indexing

N'ihi na indexing ụgbọala na-emepụta na mmepụta na Togliatti, e kpebiri itinye ajụjụ ụkpụrụ dị na akwụkwọ ndị Ministry nke ụlọ ọrụ akpakanamde ụlọ ọrụ - OH 025270-66, nke nwere ụkpụrụ na ụgbọala nhazi ọkwa.

Dị ka a gwara, onye ọ bụla ọhụrụ nlereanya ga-kenyere a anọ-ọbula koodu, mbụ na nke abụọ ikata - na designation klas igwe na nzube ya. Abụọ na-esonụ ọnụ ọgụgụ - a nlereanya. Onye ọ bụla ụgbọala na-kenyere a n'ihu mgbanwe, nke ise ọbula, zipụta ha n'usoro nọmba. Ọrụ nke VAZ-2101 bụ n'ụzọ bụ dabere na index nọmba dị ka ígwè ọrụ na-na-ekesa dị ka onodu ubochi zones. Nke isii index ọgụgụ na-egosi a nkịtị ihu igwe: 1 - Nzuzo, 6 - mbupụ ụgbọala agafeghị oke ọnọdụ, 7 - mbupụ version nke okpomọkụ, 8 na nke 9 - idobere ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ na mbupụ mgbanwe. Onye igwe na-ezo dị ka ndị mepere, a nọmba Nchikota - 01, 02, 03, 04 na na. Dị ka a na-achị, tupu a set of digital lettering na-ekpebi osisi na-adịgide adịgide na-emepụta ihe nlereanya a nke ụgbọ ala.

ike osisi

VAZ-2101 model onwem na vysokooborotisty mmanụ ụgbọala engine ike nke 64 lita. a., na a cylinder ike nke 1300 CC. cm. Ihe a haziri nke ugboro isi kwa nke zuru ebe nile na-akara, anọ na-cylinder engines. Oge ẹkewetde nke ịnya ụgbọ gia, na tensioning usoro, camshaft na kam, dapụtara na ije nke valves. Lubrication ana achi achi mgbapụta na-akpali ndị pressurized mmanụ ofụri engine usoro. Jụrụ e rụrụ iji antifirizi ụdị "antifirizi" na-ekesa na a mechiri emechi circuit na Itie site igwe okpomọkụ. Mmanụ ụgbọala ngwakọta nri monogastric diffuser carburetor "Weber". Mgbanye enye pin-ụdị rotary chopper ejikọrọ ụgbọala mmanụ mgbapụta. Ke ofụri ofụri, engine bụ a pụrụ ịdabere na Powertrain, echekwa na ọnụ ịnọgide na-enwe.

nnyefe

VAZ-2101 e debere na ntuziaka 4-ọsọ gearbox na-esonụ gia oke:

• 3,75 - mbụ nyefe;
• 2.30 - abụọ gia;
• 1,49 - atọ gia;
• 1.00 - anọ (kpọmkwem) nnyefe;
• 3,87 - Reverse gia;
• na-atụ gia - helical profaịlụ, eme-adịgide adịgide;
• Reverse gia - kpọmkwem;
• synchro - na niile transmissions, ma e wezụga n'ihi na azụ;
• ịmafe akara - n'èzí menjuobi;

Nnyefe nke adiana na n'azụ wiil

VAZ-2101-emepụta naanị ndị nọ n'azụ wheel mbanye n'onwe. Torque na-ebute site ná site propela aro na integrated support. Ịgafe na agịga biarin bụ intermediary n'etiti hob na Flange nke mbara gia. Site na esi adiana na-ebute site ná abụọ n'azụ-axle ọkara axis metụtara na breeki rụọ, nke na anọ bolts ekekọtara wiil.

braking usoro

Central hydraulics, ígwè ọjà, diski calipers na n'ihu na rụọ na n'azụ. Nke a bụ braking usoro VAZ-2101, irè na constructive pụrụ ịdabere na. Front diski brek unventilated, ígwè na-ewu, jikọtara na-ehiwe, nyere agbara enweghị nnọchi na a akụ nke 60 puku kilomita. Caliper n'ihu breeki mejupụtara abụọ cylinders na pistons samovozvraschayuschimisya na n'okpuru ihe nke nrụgide haịdrọlik breeki na mpe mpe akwa, na ịpị ha diski na abụọ.

N'azụ brek VAZ-2101, drum, onwe-nduzi, gụnyere abụọ pad, breeki cylinders na ozugbo igba nke wheel na-ndokwasa. N'azụ wheel breeki usoro e nri eccentric n'aka breeki, nke na-ejikọrọ na a na-agbanwe USB a menjuobi-tensioner n'ịnyịnya na ulo n'etiti n'ihu oche.

Chassis

Front nkwusioru VAZ-2101, onwe, ọ mejupụtara abụọ zọọ levers n'elu a n'ihu etiti site nkịtị-blocks. Elu na nke ala ogwe aka na-jikọọ na stub axle bọl biarin. Ekpe na nri menjuobi ụzọ agwakọta a pụrụ iche profiled mmanya-mpịakọta, threaded site roba grommets. Nzube nke a ngwaọrụ bụ amiri vibrations nke n'ihu nkwusioru.

N'azụ nkwusioru VAZ-2101, Pendulum, esịnede ogwe aka ejikọta ahu na n'azụ axle brackets nke mgbabere uzo dị ka ụkpụrụ nke na mmekọrịta. Ọzọkwa, ahụ n'azụ axle, ahụ-ejikọ ndị transverse doo kwụsie ike, ọ bụghị ikwe ka wheel ịga na a kwụ ụgbọelu ikwu na ahu.

Ma n'ihu ma n'azụ nkwusioru mesikwuru na ígwè helices gbagọrọ, jikọtara na haịdrọlik dampers.

The na-eri nke VAZ-2101

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ụgbọala abịa nzukọ akara na Togliatti, ugbua ọtụtụ ugboro na overhauled. Na-adịghị ike mgbe nke VAZ-2101, gosi na nke a na foto a, n'ihu fenders, nke bụ isiokwu ajari n'ebe n'elu wheel njiko, nakwa dị ka ndị mbata, nke na-anaghị eme nke ọma na-echebe megide ingress nke mmiri na unyi. Ma, ke ofụri pụrụ ịdabere na ụgbọ ala ka na-zụta na-ere. VAZ-2101, ego nke nke dịgasị n'ókè ụfọdụ, nwere ike zụrụ n'aka ma ọ bụ na showroom maka ire nke ji ụgbọala. Ụfọdụ ọma nọ na-mbipụta, a ụkọ ihe ịrịba ama nwere ike ịdị ọnụ iji zụta ha tumadi maka collection, ọ bụghị maka njem. Old ụgbọ ala VAZ-2101, na-achọ mmezi, na-eri banyere 20 puku rubles. Machines ke laa, dị mma, na-eme atụmatụ ọzọ dị oké ọnụ na nso nke 30-80 puku rubles, na obere, na impeccable n'ime ime, nkịtị engine na Ọmarịcha mputa ịrị elu price nke ruo 150 000 rubles, na mgbe ụfọdụ elu.