Zhukovsky ọrụ: ndepụta

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky a na-ewere otu n'ime ndị guzobere Romanticism na Russian. Nke a bụ ihe mere na-elekwasị anya nke ya ọrụ na-etinye na nsogbu nke nwoke n'ime ụwa. Ka kwuru banyere ya Belinsky n'uru Zhukovsky uru - o nyere "obi na mkpụrụ obi" nke Russian uri.

Zhukovsky ọrụ elekwasị anya na mmetụta nke dike, bụrụkwa mmetụta na mmetụta uche nke onye nkịtị, bụ nke mere ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na-ede uri na-achọ ka merie elu style na classicists dere ya ụzọ. Language ọrụ ghọrọ ihe mmetụta uche, na;, mgbasaozi dị iche iche psychological nuances. Ọ na-agụnye ndị phraseology na-ekwu okwu.

Mmalite nke na-ede uri

The na-ede uri mụrụ January 29, 1783 na ókè-ala nke Oryol, Kaluga na Tula anāchi achi, na obodo nke Mishenskoe. Ọ bụ ya bụ iwu na-akwadoghị nwa a bara ọgaranya, nweekwa ala, Athanasius Ivanovich Bunin na Turkish inyom, nke na 1770 Russian weghaara na batara of Bender.

Aha nna ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-ede uri natara n'aka nwa nwanne nne ya, Andrei Ivanovich Zhukovsky, a ogbenye nobleman, bụ onye biri na ala na ụlọ Bunin, onye nakweere nwata. N'ihi ya, ọ zere iwu na-akwadoghị ọnọdụ.

Zhukovsky ọrụ (ndepụta)

The na-ede uri dere a ukwuu, n'ihi ya nabatara ya ọrụ na otu isiokwu, ọ bụ nnọọ ike. Otú ọ dị, anyị na-enye gị ihe ndị bụ isi ọrụ nke Zhukovsky (ndepụta n'usoro iji).

1. "May Morning" (1797).
2. "Ndikere ke udi" (1797).
3. "Rural Ili Ozu" (1802).
4. "Anyasị" (1806).
5. "Ludmila" (1808).
6. "Svetlana" (1812).
7. "My n'ogige ahụ nke Russian agha" (1812).
8. "Aeolian Harp" (1814).
9. "Na-apụghị ịkọwa" (1819).
10. "Tsarskoye Selo Swan" (1851).
11. "Awagharị Jew" (1851-1852 afọ).

Maka ozi ọzọ banyere onye ọ bụla ngwaahịa, ịhụ n'okpuru.

Afọ Iri na Ụma na n'oge na-arụ ọrụ

Ọbụna afọ ndị mbụ ya amụ bi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, emi odude ke University of Moscow, Zhukovskiy Vasiliy Andreevich, onye ọrụ anyị ga-nyochaa, o kere ya mbụ poems. The kasị dị ịrịba ama nke ya rụzuru n'oge atụle ga-: na uri "May Morning" na prose ọrụ "Ndikere ke udi," dere na 1797. The uri "May Morning" amalite na mmụọ nke na classicism: "Belorumyana ala adahade ...". ọdịdị nke picture a kọwara na nkịtị, kwuwe. Iji elu okwu ( "Face"), mifologizm ( "Phoebe"), compound adjectives ( "belorumyana"). Otú ọ dị, na-esonụ e na e nwere mmetụta nke ilu na ọnwụ nke obi. Risịrị na-arụ ọrụ na a spirit of sentimentalism: "Life, enyi m, abis nke na anya mmiri na-ata ahụhụ ...".

"Rural Ili Ozu"

Early ọrụ site Vasily Zhukovsky mgbe e dere na genre nke Elegy. Karamzin, mgbe ama Russian dere, bụ enyi nke na-ede uri na onye ozizi. Ọ bụ ya na-e nyere Zhukovsky ekele onye nke mbụ ya isi ọrụ - na Elegy "Rural Ili Ozu", translation Elegy Thomas Gray, English na-ede uri. Karamzin mma-arụ ọrụ a na-enweta na na 1802 gbanwetụrụ na Elegy e bipụtara "Journal of Europe", nke ndị nkwusa na oge, ọ bụ. Isiokwu bụ isi nke ọrụ - nzube nke ndụ, na mmadụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na n'èzí ụwa. Elegy na-wuru dị ka a echiche nke na-ede uri, mere site na ntule nke obodo na-eli ozu. Na uche nke ndị na-ede uri spontaneously apụta ajụjụ na ọ na-agbalị iji zaa. Ha na-n'otu a nkịtị echiche nke transience ndụ na vicissitudes akara aka. The na-ede uri prefers bụghị "confidants nke Fortune," ndị na-arụ ọrụ ike maka ezi ihe nke ala.

"Anyasị"

A obere ka e mesịrị, ọ na-akpa mbụ ọrụ nke Zhukovsky, dị ka Elegy "Anyasị", dere na 1806. Ọ bụ ezie na-ede uri bụ aka dere na-eruchabeghị kpụrụ, egbu kwekọrọ na musical Elegy asụsụ. The isiokwu nke "Anyasị" - nzube nke ndụ, mmadụ kara aka. Ihe ndị kasị mma ná ndụ, dị ka ede uri, ịhụnanya na ọbụbụenyi, ịma mma nke okike. Na nke a Elegy ka a na-achọpụta classic omenala: eji mifologizm ( "Bacchus", "Zephyr", "Alpine", "Minvana") na Slavonicisms ( "na Brega," "Zlata", "oratai" et al.).

"Don Quixote", oké egwu isiokwu

Zhukovsky ọrụ nile maka ụmụ meghere pụtara na 1804, nke mbụ nke mpịakọta isii nke translation of Cervantes 'Don Quixote, "nke na-akara melodic okwu ndụ Russian asụsụ.

Na 1808, Zhukovsky (agadi dị nnọọ 25) ghọrọ onye bụ isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke "Bulletin of Europe", ndị nọchiri Karamzin. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-ewe a otutu, na-ede akụkọ, reviews, poems, oké egwu edemede. N'oge gara aga na-ede uri na-ekwu okwu nke romanticism dị ka a ọhụrụ nọọrọ onwe ha direction na Russian akwụkwọ. Classic iwu ka Romanticism na-aba na ọdabara, ọ ga-enyocha okwu nke "proportionality" na "congruity" uto, stylistic ndakọrịta.

"Lyudmila"

Genres Zhukovsky na ọrụ na-ejedebeghị elegies. Na 1808, o bipụtara akpa ballad - "Lyudmila", nke a free translation nke kere G. Burger, German na-ede uri. Nke a na-achọ onye na-agụ n'ime na-amaghị ama n'ụwa ọzọ, na-emenye ụjọ na alluring n'otu oge. The ibé na-ewe onye na-agụ na Middle Ages, n'oge Livonian War nke 16-17 ọtụtụ narị afọ. The isi agwa, Lyudmila, na-eche ya ọ hụrụ n'anya si n'ọgbọ agha na, enweghị na-eche, na-amalite ịtamu ntamu megide akara aka. The nne na-agba mbọ iji kasie ya obi, na-ekwu na "Paradise - umeala n'obi ụgwọ, hell - nnupụisi ahụ n'obi", na-akpọ na-erube isi n'eluigwe. Otú ọ dị, Lyudmila inwe okwukwe, na ọ na-aghọ a otutu hell kama nke na-atụ anya ụgwọ ọrụ.

"Svetlana"

The ngwaahịa nke "Svetlana" (Zhukovsky) - nke a bụ mbụ ballad, nke gụnyere Russian n'ememe na kweere.

Ọnọdụ nke a ibe, dị ka megide "Ludmilla", ọṅụ, na-egbuke egbuke. The ballad etinyere ihe nke Russian akụkọ ifo - podblyudnyh songs na okwu ( "akpụ ụzụ Skuy m Zlat na ọhụrụ okpueze", "ịma mma m", "podruzhenka," "ọṅụ, ìhè nke m anya," "Crazy Ìhè" na ndị ọzọ.). Svetlana na-atụkwa anya na-alụ nwanyị ọhụrụ, ma, n'adịghị Ludmila akpatre ezute ya.

"Aeolian Harp"

Ihunanya ọrụ Zhukovsky iso e kere eke "Aeolian Harp" (1814). Ọ organically agwakọta ballad na lyric uri. Analysis nke ọrụ nke Zhukovsky aro Belinsky, n'echiche nke ya, na ballad "lekwasịrị anya dum mgbe, dum mmasi nke ísì Zhukovsky romance." The heroine adịghị anwụ anwụ, na-aga ka ndị ọzọ n'ụwa, ebe ọ enyekwara ke akpatre na ya hụrụ. Dvoemiriya motif-emetụta nnọọ ọtụtụ ama ọrụ nke Zhukovsky, agafe ọrụ ya niile.

"My n'ogige ahụ ..."

Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya nke 1812 nwere ike ọ na-enweghị afọ ka ọ ghara ime ka a nzaghachi na obi nke na-ede uri, bụ onye maara na ya ji anya - Zhukovsky were ifịk akụkụ na hostilities na n'usoro nke onyeisi, na-alụ ọgụ maka motherland. Ihe ndị mere na oge arụ ọrụ, "My n'ogige ahụ nke Russian agha", nke na ịhụ mba n'anya isiokwu bụ karịsịa ike, n'ihi na ihe niile a na-ejikọrọ na-ede akwụkwọ onwe ahụmahụ. Isi akụkụ nke ọrụ e dere na n'ihu, tupu agha Tarutino. Na-ede uri jara obi ike na bu dìnkpà nke ndị Russia, ha heroism na obi ike na ihu nke onye iro. Ji ebe a odic ukwu, magburu asụsụ, na-eji Slavonicisms, dị ka "usu", "usu", "OA", "na-ele", "juru", na ndị ọzọ. The ọrụ e dere a Nchikota trehstopnogo na iambic tetrameter, nke bụ ihe ọhụrụ n'oge ahụ, dị ka ihe ode a dere nanị iambic tetrameter.

"Na-apụghị ịkọwa"

Mgbe ọnwụ Mashi Protasovoy, n'anya na echiche, na nke na-ede uri na-adịghị sonyere ndụ dị ka nwa agbọghọ ahụ na nne megidere alụmdi na nwunye ha, Zhukovsky amalite esiwanye na-eche banyere ebighi-ebi, nke eluigwe, na e nwere ihe omimi ndò nke okpukpe ebumnobi uri. The ọrụ a obere stricter, mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị na-ede uri jụ na si mmasị stylistic gabigara ókè, na ọbụna rhyme. Ọ ọtọde "ngafe na-apụghị ịkọwa mmetụta" na ọ nwara ime na uri "na-apụghị ịkọwa" (1819):

"All ịdị ukwuu na a otu ume-eri;
Na naanị ndị nkịtị na-eme ka o doo anya. "

Nsụgharị 20-30th.

Na 20-30-ies. ndị na-ede uri na-emepụta ọhụrụ ballads na nsụgharị. Na-achị, ọ na-ewere site na Goethe ( "Birds"), Schiller ( "Knight Togenburg", "Cup"), Scott ( "Castle Smeagolm ma ọ bụ Ivanov Evening") na ndị ọzọ na-ede uri. Zhukovsky sụgharịta ka "The Lay nke Igor", "Shinonsky mkpọrọ" Byron (1818-1822), "odibo nke Orleans" Schiller na Goethe nwere mmasị, na onye ọ bụ ike na-ezute mmadụ na 1821, mgbe na-ede uri mbụ mere a njem ná mba ọzọ.

Adịbeghị anya n'ọrụ nke Zhukovsky

Adịbeghị anya ballads Zhukovsky bụ nsụgharị nke poems "Rustam na Zohrab" na "Nal na Damayanti", nke ọ na-egosipụta na mgbe ebighị ebi. Ndị a ballads uda ukwu nke oge a, ebe ọ bụ na e dere free amaokwu na-agụnye na-enye nsogbu themes. Zhukovskiy Vasiliy Andreevich, onye ọrụ a na-enweghị obere mbụ, mgbe mgbe, na-ewere motifs na themes si mba ọzọ dere ya.

Naanị na afọ 58, na 1841, ndị na-ede uri mechara a ezinụlọ site n'ịlụ Elizabeth Reitern. Otú ọ dị, oge ụfọdụ mgbe alụmdi na nwunye, Elizabeth dara ọrịa, na ndị ezinụlọ maka mgbazi nke ahụ ike ya gara Germany. Ebe a Zhukovsky ọrịa, ma aka iso na-arụ ọrụ.

Na 1851, Zhukovsky dere Elegy "Tsarskoye Selo Swan", nke na-agwụ na ọnwụ nke a ọbọgwụ mmiri, ozugbo bi Tsarskoye Selo. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ site autobiographical, allegorically, ma ukwu-ezi obi na-agwa akụkọ nke mwute eke nke na-ede uri, anwụghị oge ya na ya onwe ya.

Na n'otu afọ ahụ ọ malitere ikpo (dị ka jide pen ikpedịghe) ikpeazụ ya uri "The awagharị Jew", yavivshuyusya mbụ N'ihi nke dum na-arụ ọrụ nke na-ede akwụkwọ. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ọ nọgidere na-ahụkarị uko.

April 12, 1852 Zhukovsky nwụrụ German obodo nke Baden-Baden.

Zhukovsky ọrụ si oge nke oge gboo na-ede akwụkwọ mmegharị nke mbụ n'ime atọ nke narị afọ nke 19, meghachi omume a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịpị okwu nke oge na kwalitere mmepe nke akwụkwọ a ọhụrụ ntụziaka - na a ihunanya ụzọ.