"Alania" - National Park, Russia: foto na nkọwa

N'isiokwu a, anyị chọrọ ịgwa gị banyere a mara mma ebe Osisha akpọ "Alania". National Park e guzobere na 1998, ma kemgbe otu ya na-adịghị akwụsị ọrụ ha, na-enwe otutu ntụziaka.

History nke Park

"Alania" - National Park kere iji chebe pụrụ iche eke okụre nke North Osisha. Na mgbakwunye na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọrụ na idobere bụ ifịk izi na nkà mmụta sayensị na-eme. Otu n'ime ndị isi na-eme nke ọrụ nke ogige - bụ ihe e kere eke nke ọma na ọnọdụ maka njem development na mpaghara ebe a.

The oruru nke a National Park na mpaghara a zụrụ ugboro ugboro kemgbe fifties. Nzọụkwụ mbụ weere na a direction bụ nzukọ nke mbụ idobere "Tseyskoe", emi odude ke Piedmont mpaghara. Mgbe e mesịrị, dị ka a emeju nwekwara achụ nta ugbo ndị haziri: "Turmon", "Mahchesky", "Saur", "Zmeyskaya Nicholas", "Zamankulsky". Na na 1967, na North Ossetian Reserve (steeti) e haziri ma.

On mkpa nzukọ nke ogige e rụrụ nnọọ ọtụtụ nke okwu dị iche iche na okirikiri na na ọkwa dị iche iche. Ọ bụ nanị ihe kwesịrị ekwesị mkpebi na ya oruru e banyere 1998. Dị ka ya, "Alania" - National Park, nke na-eduzi nnyocha, agụmakwụkwọ na gburugburu ebe obibi na-arụ ọrụ. N'ime idobere bụ ya zuru ezu ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke na omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta.

Location

National Park nke Russia "Alania" emi odude ke edere edere ná mkpọda nke akụkụ bụ isi nke Caucasus. On n'akụkụ niile ọ gbara ókèala a yinye elu ridges. Ị nwere ike nweta e naanị site na otu ugwu ụzọ, na-agafe na ndagwurugwu kaniyon Ahsinta Urukh River. "Alania" - National Park, emi odude ke a ugwu ugwu ebe. The kacha nta dị elu nke ya na ala ya - 1,100 mita n'elu oké osimiri dị na kacha bụ 4646 mita (a ugwu Uilpata). Ngụkọta nke ebe idobere bụ 54926 hectare.

South park ala ókè na Georgia na Main Caucasus iche, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - ka Kabardino-Balkan Nature Reserve, na-agba tinyere n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke North Ossetian Reserve.

Na ókèala "Alania" atọrọ differentiated nchedo ọchịchị dabeere na akụkọ ihe mere eme, omenala, ihe, akụ na ụba na ndị ọzọ na atụmatụ. The park ekewa ndị na-esonụ ebe: aku nzube, nche, pụrụ iche ọgwụgwọ, pụrụ iche nchebe na ichebe.

ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe

N'ime ime ugwu nke North Caucasus e a pụrụ iche ugwu idụhe. Ọ e ji ogologo oyi na obere jụụ summers. Ke adianade do, e nwere a vetikal zonation na a dịgasị iche iche nke microclimates. The ukwuu elu, ala ikuku okpomọkụ ma na ikuku nsogbu, na ya na-enwekwu ego na ọnụego nke ọdịda. The idụhe nke "Alania" bụ ọnọdụ continental. Ọ na-adịkwaghị mmiri ozuzo na mmiri na okpomọkụ. Akpali na ridges, omimi na intermountain efere, nakwa dị ka anyanwụ radieshon budata siere izugbe mgbasa, nke na-eduga na ịdị adị nke a dịgasị iche iche nke Micro-Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe.

Na-abawanye na-elu radieshon site nkezi nke iri pasent ọ bụla 1,000 mita.

enyemaka

National Park "Alania" (foto nyere ke ibuotikọ) bụ a heterogeneous ókèala. Reserve ụwa mgbagwoju usoro iso nke ridges, nke na-iche site warara omimi na ndagwurugwu ugwu osimiri, tojuru Original Mix na herbaceous ahịhịa. Oké ọhịa kpuchie naanị 21% nke ókèala, ma herbs - banyere 75%. Na ókèala guzo atọ dị iche iche nke ugwu ridges, nke ịgbatị n'ụzọ ẹbiet ibe na-akwanyere ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ-na n'ebe ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ.

Na Ndida nke n'ógbè bụ ndị kasị elu nke ha - isi Watershed, erukwa ọzọ n'ebe ugwu, ma na-akpata ya - nkume riiji.

idobere osimiri

Urukh River bụ isi waterway nke idobere. The kasị ibu nke ya tributaries - Nargidon, Songutidon, Bilyagidon. The osimiri ndị ka ukwuu n'ime nri site kpụkọrọ. N'ime ogige e nwere ihe karịrị 70 osimiri na iyi. Ma Lake Reserve nnọọ obere, ha na-of ice malite. The kasị ama nke ha: Mikelay na Fastgaskoe.

ahịhịa

Gịnị bụ na-akpali, "Alania" (National Park)? Description nke idobere ga-zuru ezu ma ọ bụrụ na-agaghị ekwu okwu ole na ole banyere ihe ọkụkụ. N'ihi na nke a na mpaghara, ihe e ji mara site elu-elu mpaghara. E na-ọma na-anọchi anya ihe niile dị iche iche nke ugwu pine, junipa woodlands, pine na birch ọhịa, beech na hornbeam plantings, n'elu ugwu na na subalpine ala ahịhịa juru. Ke ofụri ofụri, ọhịa na-ekpuchi fọrọ nke nta ka a ise nke ókèala. Ha kpuchie fọrọ nke nta niile mkpọda. Na ndị nọ na ndagwurugwu nke alder amụbawanye. On ugwu mkpọda nke nta dị iche iche na-eto eto beech ọhịa. Ma ebe ọ bụ na ha na-dochie anya ogologo birch na maples. N'ebe ndịda mkpọda na-kpuchie na oak na hazel.

N'elu oké ọhịa belt bụ subalpine ala ahịhịa juru na nke na-eto eto ọka: Calamagrostis trostnikovidnogo, fescue, Timoti. Ke ofụri ofụri, na osisi nke ogige mejupụtara ihe karịrị otu puku iche iche iche osisi. Ebe i nwere ike ịchọta ihe 200 jupụtara ejupụta umu nke Caucasus, e nwekwara ndị na-hụrụ naanị na North Osisha. Na idobere na e nwere nanị ihe karịrị 70 ụdị osisi. Ma osisi na ugwu na-eto eto juniper, barberry, buckthorn, ọhịa bilie.

N'ime ogige e nwere ihe karịrị 130 ụdị dịkwa ka usoro ha, otu nke bụ kasị ọtụtụ boletus, ọcha, Aspen, russula na boletus.

"Alania" (National Park): anụmanụ

The fauna nke idobere bụ bara ọgaranya nke ukwuu na iche iche, n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke dị iche iche Okirikiri. The ogige nke dere naanị 34 umu mammals, otu nke kasị akpali bụ East-Kọkeshịan anịgọ na njegharị. Ma na mbuaha ọhịa na n'ụlọ aja aja bea, ọhịa boars na Roe mgbada. The kasị nta anụ na idobere nwere ike ga-atụle ka a nkịta ọhịa na marten. Ọzọkwa ermine ndụ na nkume scree. Na ooh deciduous ọhịa e nwere shrews.

Ọ dịghị obere ọgaranya na ụwa nke ụmụ nnụnụ nke ogige. Na ngụkọta, e nwere 116 ụdị nnụnụ, n'etiti ha e nwere ndị nnọchiteanya nke ugwu umu na penetrated ebe a si apịtị: bullfinch, crossbill, ikwiikwii, nnunnu ojii. Ọzọkwa n'ime ogige bụ n'ụlọ ka nnụnụ nke European fauna, Mediterranean na Central Asia. Ndị dị otú ahụ a di iche iche nke umu ruru ka ala ọnọdụ nke Caucasus. Ọ bụ ebe obibi nnụnụ, ọbụna ndị na-bịara ebe a n'oge nke Ice Age na kpụrụ kemgbe ahụ ọtụtụ subspecies.

Ma ihe nākpu akpu-adịghị dị ka hiri nne na ogige. Ebe a ha bi niile atọ ụdị.

Ihe mkpara

Park ọrụ na-arụ abụghị naanị na nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ, ma na-amụta ihe, na usoro a na-agụnye akwụkwọ, tupu ụlọ akwụkwọ, abụọ na ọbụna elu-akụziri kwere omume. Iji nyere ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke idobere e kere, a ọrụ afọ ofufo otu maka nchedo nke "Alania" National Park, nke ndị so enyere iji hazie nile di iche iche nke ihe ndị na-eme ihe iji mata nke ndị mmadụ na òtù na nsogbu nke obodo. Iji ọrụ nke idobere e bụ ihe ịma aka ọ bụghị naanị iji chebe ma dịkwuo ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi, ma na-mmata-haa na-eme n'etiti ndị n'ozuzu bi.

Dị mwute ikwu na, dị otú ahụ a nnukwu ego nke na-arụ ọrụ ndị ọrụ nwere ike imeli, ya mere ha na-agbalị tụọ agha na-enyere ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo.

eke na-adọrọ mmasị

N'ime ogige e nwere ọtụtụ eke nkiri. Otu onye n'ime ha na-akọ glasia Karagum nke na-ekpuchi dum nke ebe n'usoro Uilpata ugwu. Ya ebe bụ ihe karịrị 35 kilomita square. A ikpehe glasia bụ eziokwu na ọ na-aga ala ọma n'okpuru niile Kọkeshịan ndagwurugwu kpụkọrọ.

kama ihe akụkụ ikpeazụ

A gara park na-machibidoro n'èzí. Otú ọ dị, na ndị nlekọta na-anabata ngwa maka eduzi njegharị mụụrụ naanị na a na-ebe. Ọ bụkwa uru na-echeta na ogige dị na ókè-ala ebe, ma n'ihi na ọ bụ nnọọ na-echebe ọbụna na okwu nke ókè akara. Ke ofụri ofụri, ọ dị mkpa iji mesie ịrịba uru nke si na a na nkà mmụta sayensị na-ekwu, "Alania" (National Park). Nkenke na a obere isiokwu ọ gaghị ekwe omume na-agwa gị otú ụwa bụ ọgaranya na idobere, nke nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-akpọ ndị pearl Osisha.