Contrainsular homonụ: usoro nke-eme ihe, ụdị

Mụọ mmiri ọgwụ iwu nke ahụ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na sayensị - Endocrinology. Ke adianade do, a na usoro nke ihe nke ndu ogige idu ke nkà mmụta ọgwụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka n'ihi mmiri ọgwụ. Ma ndị a na sayensị bụ oké mkpa, n'ihi na homonụ nwere ọtụtụ dị iche iche mmetụta, dị mkpa maka kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ. Ọ bụ ndị a bekee na-ahụ maka nile di iche iche nke metabolism ke idem (carbohydrate, protein, abụba). N'ihi na nke a, e bụ nkesa nke ike nri dị mkpa iji dị ndụ. Otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa homonụ bụ insulin. Dị ka ị maara, mgbe ọdịda bụ imebi carbohydrate metabolism na mmepe nke-arịa ọrịa shuga. Ke adianade do, ọ na-erughị ihe dị mkpa, na-contrainsular homonụ. Ha na-na-chọrọ iji hụ na mgbanwe nke bekee. Ke adianade do, onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a ndu ogige anamde ọrụ ya.

Contrainsular homonụ - ihe ọ bụ?

Dị ka a maara, bụ mmiri ọgwụ insulin mkpa ịchịkwa glucose etoju. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-wepụtara na obere, ma ọ bụ na-aghọta ha site anabata, mgbe ahụ, a ka mmadụ ọrịa shuga. Ị ga-amarakwa na ọ dị ize ndụ ọ bụghị naanị drawback, ma ngafe nke a ndu umi. Iji inactivate ya na ahụ, e contrainsular homonụ na-adịghị otu onye, ma ọtụtụ. ha niile nwere dị iche iche mmetụta na carbohydrate metabolism. O sina dị, onye ọ bụla nke ha na-eduga ná a ọnụ ke insulin ịta ke iyịp. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a homonụ na-emepụta na "ha" ahu. N'ihi na ndu elekọta mmadụ ebe data ngwaahịa na-agụnye pancreas na thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ụbụrụ na testes.

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Kontrinsulyarnyh hormone - a umi na dị mkpa iji nye ndị carbohydrate metabolism ke idem. Ya edinam iji na ịnọgide na-enwe kwesịrị glucose etoju. Ke adianade do, onye ọ bụla kontrinsulyarnyh hormone bụ maka ya ọrụ, adịghị metụtara metabolism. Nkịtị ọbara glucose larịị àmà site 3.3 na 5.5 mmol. Ọ bụrụ na insulin bụ maka huu na sugar ịta emeghị amụba, ya akụ ọkpọ dị mkpa ịnọgide na-enwe ala ịgba nke a na-egosi. Na a ọnụ ke ọbara glucose etoju emee ize ndụ maka ahu ọnọdụ - hypoglycemia. Ọ e ji ọnwụ nke ike, belata ọbara mgbali, tachycardia na tremor. Ọ bụrụ na a mmadụ na-enweghị oge na-enyere, hypoglycemia pụrụ iduga amaghị onwe ya. Iji zere nke a, mkpa homonụ, na edozi ihe nke insulin. Ndị bekee na ahụ dịtụ.

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Contrainsular homonụ na ndu bekee tọhapụrụ site iche iche na endocrine glands. Ke adianade ya ọrụ nke onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a ogige bụ ike mezie carbohydrate metabolism. Otú ọ dị, iji nọgide na-enwe ọbara glucose na ọkwa nkịtị, ọ dị mkpa ka na-arụ ọrụ nke ndị a niile bekee. The ndu compound na-ihe-eti ọkpọ nke insulin, na-ekewa n'ime ndị na-esonụ iche iche:

1. Thyroid homonụ. Ndị a gụnyere thyroxine.
2. Bekee tọhapụrụ cortical na medullary n'ígwé nke adrenal glands. Anọchitekwa anya nke otu a - cortisol na adrenaline.
3. STH. Ọ na-anọchi ke pituitary gland.
4. Contrainsular hormone secreted site endocrine pancreas. Nke a ndu compound bụ glucagon.
5. Testosterone. Ọ na-emepụta na adrenal cortex, na na nwoke gonads - testes.

Onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a homonụ secreted "nke" endocrine gland. O sina dị, ha na-usoro hypothalamic-pituitary usoro, emi odude ke mfre.

Contrainsular homonụ: usoro nke edinam ke idem

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na niile na-akụ ọkpọ nke insulin emetụta carbohydrate metabolism, usoro nke edinam dị iche iche site na ha. Mmetụta na ọbara glucose etoju nwere glucagon. Nke a hormone na-emepụta site na pancreas mgbe niile. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ọbara glucose ịta mbelata, secretion nke umi na-enwekwukwa. Ya usoro nke edinam mejupụtara ke eziokwu na ọ na-emetụta imeju mkpụrụ ndụ. N'ihi nke a na akụkụ nke idobere ngwaahịa nke glucose na-wepụtara na-abatakwa n'ọbara. A yiri usoro nke edinam hụrụ na mmepe nke ọzọ contrainsular homonụ - adrenaline. The adrenal cortex ekenyela glucocorticoids. Na a ụkọ shuga dị n'ọbara, ndị a homonụ na-akwalite ya njikọ na cellular larịị, ya bụ, ụzọ guzobe glucose si amino asịd. Thyroid homonụ dịkwuo mmetụta nke adrenaline. Somatotropin nwere kontrinsulyarnyh mmetụta naanị na nnukwu quantities, mgbe mgbe, na nwata (n'oge uto).

Mmekọrịta nke pancreatic homonụ

The pancreas bụ isi ahu nke endocrine usoro emetụta carbohydrate metabolism. Ọ rụrụ ma endocrine na secretory ọrụ. Anatomically, na endocrine akụkụ nke pancreas bụ ọdụdụ. Na ya na e nwere ndị dị otú ahụ na ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ntakịrị àgwàetiti nke Langerhans. Mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a anatomical mpaghara na-ahụ maka ndị secretion nke ọtụtụ iche iche nke homonụ. Part nke agwaetiti atanyekwa insulin. Mkpụrụ ndụ ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe hormone "glucagon". Guzobere na ntọhapụ n'ime ọbara nke a umi-ekpebi larịị nke glucose. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị sugar ịta bụ mgbaàmà maka insulin mmepụta. Nọmalị, a hormone na-ekwusi ọbara glucose na nri larịị, na-egbochi ya na-ebili. Ọ bụ ihe na-eti ọkpọ nke insulin, glucagon, nke, na Kama nke ahụ, bụ maka ntọhapụ nke sugar n'ime ọbara. Achikota ọrụ nke pancreas hormone ana achi achi nkịtị carbohydrate metabolism ke idem. Ọ bụrụ na ya secretory ọrụ bụ isi n'ihi ihe ọ bụla, na-enyemaka nke ndị ọzọ na akụkụ nke endocrine usoro.

Kontrinsulyarnyh mmepụta nke homonụ site adrenal glands

insulin na-akụ ọkpọ ifịk ifịk na-emepụta na adrenal glands. Ndị a na akụkụ abụọ n'ígwé. Na nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a homonụ na-guzobere. The adrenal cortex contrainsular mmetụta nwere androgens na glucocorticoids. The mbụ enyemaka dịkwuo larịị nke sugar na ụzọ abụọ. A nnọchiteanya nke otu a - na hormone cortisol. Ọ enwekwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enzymes mkpa iji tọghata amino asịd na glucose. A n'ihu mmetụta nke cortisol bụ ya ike na-mmepụta "ụlọ ihe" n'ihi na shuga n'ókè si muscle anụ ahụ. N'ihi ya, nọ n'ọrụ hormone accelerates glyukoneonegeza usoro. Ke adianade cortisol na cortex emepụta androgens. Ndị a homonụ na steroid bekee. Ha isi ọrụ bụ guzobe abụọ mmekọahụ mara. Ọzọkwa, ha na-emetụta metabolism nke na-edozi na carbohydrates. The adrenal medulla na-synthesized contrainsular homonụ - adrenaline. Ọ bụrụ na tọhapụrụ ndị ọbara glucose ịta na-ụba.

Crank: mmetụta carbohydrate metabolism

The hormone adrenaline mara bụghị nanị na ndị dọkịta. Ọtụtụ ndị maara na umi a tọhapụrụ n'ime ọbara n'oge oké nchegbu ma ọ bụ ụjọ. N'ezie, ndị adrenaline na-ejikọta ya na egwu. A na-ahụkarị aziza a hormone ntọhapụ bụ locomotor ọrụ, mụbara obi ọnụego, dilation nke ụmụ akwụkwọ. Ọzọkwa a umi e synthesized na laabu na-eji na nkà mmụta ọgwụ. Na mgbakwunye na ebighị nke gbasara obi ọrụ, adrenaline bụ mmetụta carbohydrate metabolism, ie nwere kontrinsulyarnyh mmetụta. Ya usoro nke edinam na-eso ụzọ:

1. Ọ na-eme ka osooso nke gluconeogenesis.
2. Ọ na-emetụta mmebi nke glycogen na skeletal muscle. A edinam nke adrenaline bụ ihe akpọ.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na, na okwu nke obi udo hormone anaghị mụbaa ọbara glucose kasịnụ. Dị ka ya umu anwuru-adịghị mụbara na hyperglycemia. Na nke a ọ dị iche na nke usoro nke ihe nke glucagon. Egosi wepuÚ adrenaline bụ obi ụtọ, nchegbu.

Testosterone: The ọrụ na ahu

Testosterone - na hormone kontrinsulyarnyh, nke na-emepụta site nwoke gonads. Ọzọkwa, a obere ego nke ndu steroid synthesized na adrenal cortex. amụba muscle uka, ọkpụkpụ ibu, ebighị nke spermatozoa na erythropoiesis: The esonụ mmetụta ndị isi ọrụ nke testosterone. Ke adianade do, hormone enwekwu metabolic Filiks ke idem, tinyere carbohydrate. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ, belata ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị na-enwe otutu nke testosterone na ọbara, ndị na-erughị ewekarị-arịa ọrịa shuga na ibu oké ibu.

Olee nke bụ nke contrainsular homonụ ike?

Maa ike ịza ajụjụ ahụ bụ, ihe bụ ike kacha ike contrainsular homonụ. All ndị a ndu bekee emetụta abawanye na ọbara glucose etoju ma dịkwuo metabolism nke carbohydrates. The ihe nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a homonụ bụ na-abụghị mmetụta nke insulin. O sina dị, nke umi bụ ihe na-eti ọkpọ ka ukwuu na-adabere na ịta nke a akpan akpan compound. N'okpuru nkịtị ọnọdụ, kasị ike hormone glucagon nwere ike na-akpọ. Na-amụba thyroid a umi na-aghọ thyroxine, na adrenal etuto ahụ - cortisol ma ọ bụ adrenaline.