Cosmonaut Komarova Vladimira Mihaylovicha ọnwụ. "Soyuz-1"

About ọdịda na ohere flights na Soviet ugboro si na ọ bụghị nabatara, ọbụna na-ezo ọtụtụ ihe. Vladimir Komarov e gburu ya, nke a dike nke Soviet Union, na mbara igwe, na mba-mụtara ozugbo. Space na mbụ ogbo nke development kemgbe ihe fọrọ-apụghị ịghọta aghọta, na mmiri nwere ọtụtụ flaws, adịghị site na-emepụta.

Àjà n'ihi ohere ngagharị na Soviet oge

The aha nke ọtụtụ ndị dike nke astronauts na-niile mara na, ma ole ka amaghi onye ọ bụla ndị mmadụ, onye ọrụ bụ ohere na-ebi ndụ e mkpirikpi dị nnọọ nke elu-igwe.

Ọnwụ nke cosmonaut Komarov bụ otu n'ime incommensurable àjà maka ịmara na enweghi ngwụcha ohere. Ọ, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ oké nna ukwu, nye ya akpata ihe gabiga, mikpuru onwe nnyocha na-achọta azịza nye ajụjụ ndị ụmụ mmadụ ka ogologo jụrụ.

The mbụ na-egbu egbu ikpe

Dị ka Vladimir Komarov biography nke kwesịrị nlebara anya pụrụ iche, nwụrụ n'ọnọdụ ndị yiri ya na Valentin Bondarenko spaceflight. Ọnwụ ya bụ nke mbụ na mmepe nke ohere na-emeghe oghere: ihe Astronotu ọkụ ná ndụ na 1961, mgbe ke iche ulo na a na nkà mmụta sayensị na ulo akwukwo n'oge a ọzụzụ mmega. The dike na-ejikere ibu ihe Astronotu, na-aga na-amụ. Ọdachi dakwasịrị. Mgbe unhitching ọgwụ sensọ na ahụ, ọ kpochapụrụ ya ahu owu swab tinye ke mmanya, nke dara, ọkụkụ esote eguzo okpomọkụ. Camera, oxygenated, ìhè, ọkụ ngwa ngwa na ihe nchọ ohere. The ọkụ igbasa uwe, nke ahụ malitere ozugbo. Astronotu, meghere ụzọ na oge, natara a ujo na-enwu ọkụ na-emegide ndụ, nwụrụ na ntụpọ.

A ya bụ ndị mbụ na-n'ihu ọha na e mere n'ihu ọha site Gọọmenti nke Soviet Union. Ma ọ ghọrọ ihe maka ndị ọchịchị na ihe mere bụghị emebe ugboelu na ebe jupụta na oxygen.

Mgbe e mesịrị, ihe yiri nke ahụ na n'okpuru yiri ọnọdụ gburu ọzọ atọ astronauts si America, ma ọ bụghị maka na nzuzo nke mbụ ọdachi ndị mere nke astronautics, a mberede a gaara ezere.

About Astronotu, nsure ndụ mgbe ọdịda

"Soyuz-1", na-alọghachi Earth 23 April 1967 jiri ruru ka ọdịda nke parachute usoro. Ọnwụ nke cosmonaut Komarov n'oge a ule nke ahụ ka ụgbọ ahụ ọzọ igbu dum Soviet mba. N'ezie, ihe mbụ na-ebupụta na-n'ụzọ zuru ezu chere si na nyochara. Unmanned mode dị ize ndụ, ya mere e nwere a ọdịda. A afọ tupu ihe a merenụ, November 28, 1966, okuku ọdịda si orbit mere mbụ akpaka "Soyuz-1" na "cosmos-133", dị ka a kọọrọ TASS. A obere ka e mesịrị, na December nke otu afọ ahụ, o nwere ihe mberede n'ihi na nke mbibi nke ndị na igba egbe na mpe mpe akwa, "Soyuz-2".

A obere ndabere nke ọdachi na Komarov

Ma Soviet gọọmenti chọrọ ọhụrụ rụzuru na ohere, na na a ọsọ ọsọ, e kpebiri iji dozie rọketi maka igba egbe site May 1, ọ bụ ezie na nsogbu na ọ na-ezu. Ọ mụtara banyere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nsogbu, Astronotu, iji ofufe n'ime ohere, adịchaghị, mụbara ọbara mgbali, o wee kpọrọ ya bed. E kenyere ya ule ọzọ, Vladimir Mihaylovich Komarov, ahụmahụ ma na-azụ ụgbọelu, onye nọ na-agba dị ka a ndabere na Yuriem Gagarinym na April 1966.

Olee otú ọ na niile mere na-eme eme?

Mgbe ntọhapụ nke ụgbọ mmiri n'ime orbit n'ihi nsogbu Komarov e kpebiri ngwa ngwa ka a ọdịda, ma ọ bụ ekwe omume iji zere a ọdachi. Nke a bụ eziokwu otu ugboro ọzọ na-ezo. Akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma na-ekwu na na ụgbọ elu nke ọma, na ihe omume na-gburu. Version n'ezie nwere a ole na ole. Otu n'ime ha - na ileghara nke installer, nke a na-egwu ala a onu na ihuenyo, n'ihi na ọ na-apụghị ga-esi nri nke unit, ọ gbatara dị ka a n'ihi nke nchara diski. Otutu gbazee ọkụkụ oké ikuku oyi akwa n'oge nrida nke ụgbọ mmiri, na ikuku wee banye n'ime ikuku ụlọ. Emepụta mgbali dugara mkpakọ nke akpa na a parachute na-apụta ma na-ekpughe na-emezughị. E a ọhụrụ ọdachi.

Ikpeazụ nkeji tupu ọnwụ nke dike-Astronotu

Astronotu Komarov ọnwụ bụ fọrọ apụghị izere ezere. Ọ bụ ike hapụ idobere parachute, ma ọ nọ na-adịghị anya anyụ ka a n'ihi nke mbụ na kọntaktị na edoghi. O nwere ike ịbụ na-adị ndụ fọrọ nke nta n'ebe ahụ, na ihe niile nke installer si ileghara, akpachapụghị otnesshiysya ọrụ ha.

N'oge ụmụ igwe kụrụ n'ala na pilot Komarov nwụrụ.

Cheta mgbe niile: onye bụ na-ata ụta maka ihe mere?

Ọrụ maka parachute usoro ke Soviet Union bụ na Minaviaproma. Version ihe mere bụ na ha dara nnọọ iche: na iko-ekpuchi na parachutes n'ime shot, ọkụkụ nrida na rarefied ikuku nke ụgbọ mmiri. N'ihi na nkọ mgbali dobe iko nkwarụ, na n'ihi na ọ na e wuru n'ime akporo nke ngwaọrụ, mgbe ahụ, pinched isi parachute. N'oge ụmụ na elu na-agba adịzi igwe malitere na na kọntaktị na ala jiri.

A ebe okuku mere a na-akpọ Adamovsky District Orenburg mpaghara. N'ime obodo Karabutak kemgbe arụnyere a echeta ncheta mgbagwoju, nke-abịa kwa afọ na April 23 na-echeta ndị dara dike. Na steppe n'okpuru Orsk mbụ pụtara mbụ obelisk June 11, 1967. Ya echichi hazie site ọrụ ibe nke nwụrụ anwụ Astronotu.

History na-akụzi ihe ọ bụla, ma ọ bụ Olee otú ọ bụghị ikwugharị ihie ụzọ nke

A obere ka e mesịrị, na June 1971, e nwere ọdachi ọzọ na mbara - ọnwụ nke atọ odide: Victor Patsaeva, Vladislav Volkov na Georgy Dobrovolsky, mgbe ha gbadata n'ụwa na ohere ebe "Soyuz-1". Mgbe ahụhụ a ida nke "Soyuz-1" ugboelu. The astronauts ndị nguzo-ins, onye ama kama nke isi-arụ ọrụ nke Valery Kubasov, Petrom Kolodinym na Alekseem Leonovym. Akpata ọnwụ - ọhụrụ anyị ambitions Soviet ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

Inweta a cue si America na-ama na ọnwa na a 3-seater ụgbọala, ndị ọchịchị kpebiri na anyị mkpa anyị dị nnọọ atọ ndị mmadụ ofufe. Ọ bụrụ na abụọ ama na ohere suut, ọdachi ga-mere. 3 uwe bụ nanị dakọtara na niile na ọnọdụ na ụgbọ elu, ekwesịghị ya size na size nke ụlọ. The astronauts ama na tracksuits, nke haa na-agaghị ekwe omume.

Dị ka ihe atụ Gagarin, ọzọ ekewet atọ ndị mmadụ na 1964 "Ọwụwa" ama Boris Yegorov, na Konstantin Feoktistov, Vladimir Komarov. Mere maka otu onye ụlọ, N'ezie, maka atọ bụ incredibly mkpagide, na astronauts ga-ahọrọ bụghị iji ofufe na ohere suut, na jumpsuits, na wepụrụ naanị maka ejection oche n'ụzọ ụfọdụ dịkwuo ogologo. Na-aga n'ihu mebiri niile na ọnọdụ na ụgbọ elu. Ha na-amalite nnọọ ndụ ha n'ihe ize ndụ. On a nnukwu ohere na ụgbọ elu biri ọma. Ma n'ihi ndị mebiri nke iwu, na n'ihi na otú eleghara àgwà ndị ọnọdụ tupu ọdachi na-eru.

Eze, na-eche na ikpe mara ya tupu, rịọ mgbaghara ọ bụla ikpe, na-ekiri ndị astronauts na ụgbọ elu. Nke a mere ka ndị ọchịchị nke oge ahụ, n'ezie, na-ezo.

The na-akpata ọnwụ nke cosmonaut Komarov

N'oge ụmụ jiri "Soyuz-1". Vladimir Komarov ike ozugbo ahụ nsogbu ke igwe. Mbụ a elu nke 150 km si Earth niile bụ ok, ma ọ dị mkpa n'ọnụ ụzọ ikuku ship kewaa atọ, ya bụ, ikewapụ ụlọ si anụ ụlọ ngwa oru na compartments. N'oge nke nkewa nke ekupụ valvụ ibu nká, ọ bụ ezie na ya oghere gaje ime mgbe e mesịrị, na nso nso Earth onwe ya.

Ihe kpatara nke a na-atụghị anya oghere nke valvụ ka adịghị a guzosie ike. Ọkachamara kweere na nkewa nke ụgbọ mmiri n'ime compartments gbawara agbawa agbawa bolts na ujo, na ventilator nwere ike meghere site n'ume valvụ nke akụkụ okuku ume na ventilashion na ije nke kpochidoro mkpara. N'oge ụmụ igwe ukwuu belata nsogbu, na mbara igwe apụghị nnọọ unfasten na straps iji mechie dapụtara oghere (na window), emecha tụbọrọ.

N'elu nchọpụta nke onye ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na-akpọ ọnụnọ nke nitrogen ọbara, ụbụrụ hemorrhage, ọbara na ngụgụ. Mgbe nke a mere, manned ọzọ ka afọ 2 A kwụsịtụrụ. Soviet ohere technology chọrọ ngwa ngwa mma. Nke a mere emetụta ọchịchị. Mbara igwe na-agbala pụrụ iche suut, na dị iche iche ụgbọ elu na-eyi uwe na-adịghị anakwere. nchebe e weere nke ndị mmadụ na a okwu nke ịdị ngwa.

Brief biography nke oké Astronotu

All ya njem nke ndụ na flights raara nye Vladimir Komarov nwụrụ. Biography nke dike egosi nke a. Ọ mụrụ Astronotu na 1927. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, mgbe a afọ asaa akwụkwọ usoro ihe omume, ọ debara aha Air Force ụlọ akwụkwọ pụrụ iche dị na Moscow na nanị otu nzube: ịghọ otu n'ime kpara agha Soviet ụgbọelu, ma ubre nyere ya nanị ọgwụgwụ nke agha ahụ.

N'afọ na-esonụ, mgbe ntọhapụ nke Komarov kwagara Bataysk. Mgbe m gụsịrị na aha Serov College of Military Aviation na 1949, ọ banyere ọrụ nke a agha fighter pilot na North District. N'oge na-adịghị, na Grozny, enye okosobode ye Valentina. Nkụzi ndọ Vladimir Mikhailovich.

Site a agha fighter maka Space Test

Na 1952, Komarov ọzọ zigara ozi. Nke a oge, ya ọhụrụ ebe obibi bụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Ukrainian obodo nke Mukachevo. Dị ka a agadi pilot afọ asaa, Komarov anọgidewo na-ịzụlite, ịmụta na-eto eto dị ka a ọkachamara. Cosmonaut na 1959 natara akwụkwọ dị elu, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Academy aha mgbe N. E. Zhukovskogo. Ọzọkwa, ya ọrụ nọ na-na State Research Institute of Red Banner Air Force.

Institution iche gara aga nnyocha institutes isi ebe - anwale ọhụrụ ụdị nke ugbo elu. N'ịga ebe a na-na a uche, na-egbu egbu na Komarov - ọ bụ ebe a na ọ na e nyere ọrụ nke anwale ugboelu, nke e machibidoro iwu na-agbasa. Na 1961, ọ malitere ịkwadebe na flights na "East" na "Ọwụwa".

The oge ikpeazụ nke ndụ Komarova

Vladimir Komarov e negotiating na Yuriem Gagarinym, na ezigbo ndekọ ka na chebere. The echiche bụ na anwụnta ike imeghe ekpe batrị. Dị nnọọ n'ihu ọdịda Gagarin gwara iji kwadebe maka ikpeazụ na ime, jiri nlezianya na n'enweghị-emeso onwe onye na-ngụ oge, na-elekwasị anya na ọnwa. Komarov kwuru na ihe nile dị n'usoro, ọ na-ọkọdọhọ na oche na eriri oche gị eriri. Gagarin chọrọ eku ume nke ukwuu mgbe ọdịda, na mgbe Komarov sị: "Daalụ, enye ihe niile ..." - na kọntaktị na ya n'otu ntabi agbaji. Nke ahụ bụ ihe niile ị na-ekwu na oge Vladimir Komarov. Cosmonaut, okwu ikpeazụ nke nwere ike ịnụ dispatcher, ga-ruo mgbe ebighị ebi na-anọgide na na ebe nchekwa nke ndị maara ya.

The ngwaọrụ gbadara mgbe ahapụ ikuku. Search ugbo elu bụ anya, na-akwọ ụgbọelu hụrụ mwepụta nke pilot paseeji. Ọzọkwa, ha kọrọ na ụgbọ mmiri nọkwa na-ere n'ezie. Okwu ikpeazụ bụ na-egbu egbu. The ụgbọ mmiri na-ejide ọkụ, ozugbo ahụ Komarov Vladimir Mikhailovich maara na-ala n'iyi. Ọ dịghị onye maara otú obi na ndị oge nke ndụ. All chụọ n'ọrụ: na logbook, na na-osisi-edekọ ihe.

Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie, na-akwọ ụgbọelu na search ugbo elu kwuru nụrụ ọnụ Astronotu, ma nke a bụ a akụkọ ifo. Anụ olu na ọ bụ nanị kwe omume site na poolu na-emi odude na isi parachute straps, ma na-ekpughe ya adịghị adị.

Night April 25 Vladimir Komarov anọgide na-e na Burdenko ọgwụ. Vershinin rutere isi, Air Marshal ka eze na-agwa ijeoma ndị nwụrụ anwụ, ma, mgbe ọ hụrụ ihe fọdụrụnụ, ozugbo nyere iwu ka igba oku.

The nchoputa gosiri na?

Inyocha ọnwụ nke Vladimir Komarov na ọdachi n'ozuzu, mere na "Union", a pụrụ iche na-họpụtara ọrụ malitere. N'afọ ndị ahụ, ihe ndị o metụtara na ohere ngagharị Ustinov. Dị ka ukara version nke ọdachi wee ebe site na mberede, anyị kwuru na ukem ini.

N'eziokwu, ihe mere - oru. Power pilot paseeji dị ukwuu na-adịghị ike karịa isi na ike dọpụta ya n'ihi nke n'iji nke mkpakọ mgbali na akpa mgbidi, nke, n'aka, na-enweghị rigidity. E Indicted na-emepụta, sonyere nke mmepe nke parachute ogige na ụgbọ mmiri, dị ka creators nke a parachute usoro. Si ụlọ ọrụ na-filmed isi mmebe Tkachev na ya osote onye Mishin.

Ebe ọ bụ na 1971 - na-enweghị ihe mberede

Mgbe 1.5 afọ mgbe ọdachi dakwasịrị - ọnwụ nke cosmonaut Komarov na "Union", ndị na-esonụ bubatara cosmonaut Georgiy Beregovoy na n'oge 1969, nakwa dị ka iche iche - Khrunov na Elisha. Abụọ n'ụgbọ mmiri na-agba ka na kwụsịrị n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, bụ ugbua na-emeghe ohere nke astronauts na-enwe ike na-esi n'otu "Union" na ndị ọzọ. The abụọ ụgbọ elu bụ ọdachi, ma na-agụ akụkọ mere ka ọ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume. "Union" ghọtara dị ka ndị kasị pụrụ ịdabere na nke niile Satellites nke oge, na ndị ọzọ ọdachi na 1971.

Omeka agu na obi ike nke dike mere na-aga hụrụ site na steeti. "Gold Star" Komarov e mgbe ọ nwụsịrị ọdịda nke Nrite nke Honor nke ugboro abụọ. Ke adianade do, Astronotu award n'okpuru ijuanya aha "Roza Vetrov", nye site na International Committee maka Aeronautics na ohere ụgbọ elu, na-akwado na ọ dị mkpa nke zuru okè Vladimir Mikhailovich feat.

Taa ozu ya zuru ike na Kremlin mgbidi na isi square nke Moscow. agwa aha ugboro ugboro dara, na telivishọn. Akwụkwọ dabeere na ihe ndị mere na film n'okpuru atụ aha "Space. First Blood. " Ya founders nwere a atọ akụkụ ọrụ ịmata ihe na-akpata ọdachi na mkpa nuances, nke na-adịghị kwuru na ndị Soviet oge. Na Germany, afọ iri gara aga, ndị Berlin Symphony eti egwú rụrụ a nọmba nke ọrụ e dere site na a ma ama na-arọ si gburugburu ụwa kpọmkwem maka Ad Astra ngo mmemme. Otu n'ime ha bụ ihe e kere eke nke raara onwe ya nye Vladimir Komarov.

Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla ọdachi na Komarov, "Union" e kwesịrị ịbụ na ikuku ruo 2014. O were ọkara otu narị afọ, ma ọ bụ eleghi anya iputa a ụgbọ mmiri na ike-adịgide adịgide maka ọtụtụ afọ. Ma ndụ ya (n'ọnọdụ ya) nyere niile ahụ dike - Vladimir Mihaylovich Komarov. Bụ na ndị dike? N'ụzọ dị mwute, a ole na ole ndị mmadụ mara ya, na-ezighị ezi ... Ma ugbu a, ebe ọ maara mwute akụkọ na raara onwe ya nye anụ ụlọ Komarova, onye aha-ga-na a par na ndị ọzọ oké testers mkpa asọpụrụ nchekwa nke ya.