Gịnị bụ a ịnweta? Echiche na echiche

Ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, echiche na ihe minerals na-agbanwe mgbe nile. Na ugbu a, ma anyị na-amasị ya ma ọ bụ, n'akụkụ niile, anyị na-aga na banyere mineral. Ọ bụrụ na ị kwere nke a "Ịhụnanya" na niile mgbasa ozi, ha n'ebe nile, sitere na site asa ezé na-agwụcha nri igba ogwu na nwamba.

Ya mere, ihe minerals? Na ugbu a banyere nke a echiche na ọ dighi otutu mmadu kwenyere na arụmụka na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụrụ na ị mfe ẹdude definition, azịza nke ajụjụ bụ "Gịnị bụ a ịnweta" nwere ike chịkọtara dị ka ndị a: mineral na solids enwe a eke si na inorganic crystal Ọdịdị, ndị mejupụtara nke nwere ike na-anọchite anya ndị chemical usoro. Nke ahụ bụ, dị ka nke a definition, minerals - ndị bekee kpụrụ na N'ezie nke geological Filiks ma na-enwe a kọwaa chemical mejupụtara. Ha nwere ike na-eche anụ ahụ, ya bụ, chere, tụrụ, ntukwasi, ma ọ bụ ịhụ, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na na-enyemaka nke ngwa anya ngwaọrụ. Site na nke a n'ọnọdụ, ozi banyere minerals, n'ihi na ihe atụ, cat nri, dị ka anyị na-anụ na mkpọsa ngwá ahịa, o yiri dịkarịa ala na-emebu stunt, kama site na nnukwu - n'oké ihe efu. Ọ bụ eziokwu na e nwere eke minerals, nke anyị na-ezute kwa ụbọchị n'ụlọ, ihe bụ ọzọ, na-enweghị, bụ nke siri ike iche n'echiche a full ndụ. Otu n'ime ha - na nkume nnu (halite).

A nnọọ mkpa e ji mara nke minerals na a definition bụ ha "eke inorganic si malite." Nke otu mmasị bụ "eke" malite. E nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke dị iche iche inorganic chemical ogige mara chemists, ma naanị a obere akụkụ nke ndị a ogige hụrụ na ọdịdị, na-anọchite anya site kwekọrọ ekwekọ definition mineral. Ihe kpatara ya bụ na chemists na laabu nwere ohere ịmepụta a ihe iche iche na gburugburu ebe obibi karịa dị ezigbo ọdịdị, na-anakọta na a "na ụlọ ọrụ" na- ọgwụ na ndammana ime ọnụ fọrọ nke nta.

N'ịnọgide na-chọpụta, Otú ọ dị, na ndị dị otú minerals, na ihe na-abụghị, anyị mara na, nditịm-ekwu okwu, sịntetik diamonds na rubi, kere a laabu, a na-akpọ minerals adịghị. Ọ na-apụghị ikwu na minerals tinyere eke na (n'agbanyeghị ha eke si), na mara ebe ọ bụ na ihe okpu na amba ugboelu ịbụ viscous ụdị coal. Ihe kpatara - enweghị crystal Ọdịdị.

Ọtụtụ ajụjụ chemists na were minerals ọnọ na mercury - naanị metal na emee ndammana na mmiri mmiri n'ụdị. Tupu mgbe ahụ, mgbe ndị isi ọrụ na-egwuri site ha mejupụtara, mercury e weere a ịnweta (Otú ọ dị, mmiri na-) na nhazi ọkwa nke mineral. Ugbu a, mgbe definition nke minerals na-kwukwara na ọnụnọ nke crystal Ọdịdị, ọtụtụ ndị chemists eke mmiri mmiri bekee na klas nke minerals na-adịghị anya.

Ke nsonso anyị na-eji ịnụ okwu nke nkume pel kasị oké ọnụ ahịa ọla. Otú ọ dị, ọ na-apụghị na-akpọ a ịnweta n'ihi na eziokwu na ya Ọdịdị bụ inhomogeneous. Na ya mejupụtara bụ ugbu calcite ịnweta (calcium carbonate, crystalline onwunwe) na organic bekee, onye ọ bụla nke constituent mmiri nwere a chemical mejupụtara.

Ugbu a, okwu ahụ bụ "ịnweta" na a na-eji dị ka aha nke a ịnweta usoro, na dị ka aha nke a otu crystal. Ka ihe atụ, diamond bụ a pụrụ iche ihe onwunwe dị ka ya ekweghị ekwe, ghọtara dị ka a n'ozuzu onwunwe nke kristal nke ịnweta umu. Ma mgbe anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa diamond "Cullinan", pụtara iwere iche iche ịnweta.