Alloy ígwè

Na ị na-ahọrọ ihe maka imewe nke metal ngwaahịa nwere ọtụtụ e ji mara ga-atụle, gụnyere modulus nke rigidity. Nke a bughi-enweghị mmetụta index adabere naanị na ọdịdị nke ihe onwunwe site na nke ike ọcha - stringers, okpokolo agba, ewepụghị efere, wdg

The kasị elu modulus nke rigidity bụ ígwè, nke n'aka nke bụ nke abụọ na ụdị na ha chemical mejupụtara. Firstly, a alloy ígwè, nke kpọmkwem kwukwara alloying ọcha nweta ọ bụla dị mkpa Njirimara.

Isi ihe na-emetụta Njirimara nke ígwè - bụ carbon, sịlịkọn na manganese. Carbon mgbe amụba ya ọdịnaya na-eme ka ígwè siri ike na ike, mgbe mbenata ya ductility. Silicon na-ndinọ ka a deoxidizing gị n'ụlọnga, ma ọ bụrụ na ya ọdịnaya bụ ihe karịrị otu percent ihe ga-adị njọ na weldability nke ígwè: na Weld bụ kenkuwa. A bụ ihe mmewere dị ka manganese mma oyi brittleness na ike nke ígwè, nwekwara a ọma deoxidizer.

A, na mgbakwunye na ígwè na carbon, na-agbakwunyere ọ bụla otu akụrụngwa, otú alloyed ígwè nkewa dị ka a atọ-akụrụngwa, anọ-akụrụngwa, na na. D. Mgbe ụfọdụ ya dịgasị maka aha nke alloying mmewere, dị ka chromium, chromium-nickel, wdg hromonikelmolibdenovaya

Alloy ígwè nwere ihe karịrị otu percent nke chromium ma ọ bụ nickel. Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ugbu a na ihe karịrị 0,5% nke vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, niobium, nitrogen, ọla kọpa, wdg, Ọ na-atụle site ndị a alloy ọcha.

Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke kwukwara mmiri, alloy ígwè ekewa ndị na-esonụ subclasses:

- elu-alloy ígwè, ebe ngụkọta ọdịnaya nke alloying ọcha bụ ihe na-erughị iri percent;

- srednelegirovannoj - adịghị karịa asatọ pasent;

- ala-alloyed ígwè, nke naanị otu mmewere na-kwukwara na ọdịnaya nke elu ịgba nke karịa abụọ percent.

A, alloying ọcha ukwuu dịkwuo eri nke ígwè, karịsịa ebe ụfọdụ ọcha na-kwukwara na onwe ha bụ ndị kọrọ ọnụ ọla. Ntem, ha na mgbakwunye na nke ígwè ga-enyocha ebe.

Alloyed ígwè nwere ndị na-esonụ ama ha: nke mbụ na nke abụọ digits egosi carbon ọdịnaya (hundredths nke a percent), akwụkwọ ozi egosi dabere kwukwara alloying mmewere ọbula mgbe ha - ọdịnaya nke a mmewere dị ka a pasent. The akwụkwọ ozi "A", nke na-anọchi na njedebe nke na-akanye n'aka, na elu àgwà nchara na a ala ọdịnaya nke site na sọlfọ ahụ.

Ọzọ mgbanwe nke chemical mejupụtara nke ígwè - carbon. Ya n'ihi na nke mfe na cheapness nke mmepụta-eji na ọtụtụ ọrụ.

Otu nke bu n'obi iji ihe nchara bụ ojiji ke imewe nke ji atụ na ịcha ngwaọrụ, igwe akụkụ, na-anwụ anwụ na oyi na-ekpo ọkụ deformation.

Ngwá Ọrụ nchara na alloy ikpe, na carbon, na dabere na iwu na-achịkwa ọbịa, ka onye ọ bụla kpọmkwem ígwè ngwaahịa mkpa iji ígwè na-enwe a kpọmkwem chemical mejupụtara.

. Ka ihe atụ, maka ịwa ahụ ngwaọrụ, u, chisels, hama, screwdrivers, ịwa nkume, hobs, wdg na-eji ígwè akpan akpan na udi - elu-alloy, elu-ọsọ. Ọ nwere elu ekweghị ekwe, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide na abrasion eguzogide. Ndị a pụrụ iche Njirimara na-nwetara site na-agbakwụnye pụrụ iche alloying na tungsten carbide, nakwa dị ka mgbagwoju anya okpomọkụ omume.

N'ihi na hama, na-ekpo ọkụ na oyi na-atụ dies, Ebu na al. Eji ígwè akara ule ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka H6VF, 9X, 5HNM wdg