Glaciology - ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ihe? Na ọmụmụ glaciologist?

Glaciology - ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ihe? Gịnị ka ndị ọkachamara na-na-arụ ọrụ a na ubi? Ka anyị na-agbalị ịchọta azịza ndị a na ajụjụ ndị ọzọ.

Glaciology na-amụ?

The okwu na-abịa site Latin okwu "glyatsies" - ice, na "logos" - ozizi nke okwu Chineke. Glaciology - ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ice na guzobere a eke gburugburu ebe obibi na n'elu uwa, na lithosphere, ikuku na hydrosphere.

Ihe aga-eme kenyere sayensị na-agụnye:

• amụ atụmatụ nke guzobere ice, ọnọdụ nke ịdị adị ha;
• ọmụmụ nke ndị mejupụtara, anụ ahụ Njirimara nke ice;
• echiche nke geological mmetụta nke kpụkọrọ na mbara ala ala;
• ọmụmụ nke ala nkesa nke ice formations.

Glaciology - ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ice na-nwere njikọ chiri na physics, geology. Ọkachamara a na ubi na n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-eji na ụzọ nke na-arụzi ụgbọala nke Obodo Sciences.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke guzobere sayensị

Malite ozizi tọrọ ama Swiss ugwu onyielu nwoke, geologist na n'okike Oras Benedikt de Saussure. The ebumnobi na isiokwu nke a na nchọpụta ọhụrụ na ọnọdụ ọ ekwuchi n'aka-ya-e dere ọrụ "Journey na Alps." Ọrụ na-eme ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị n'oge 1779-nke ka 1796-nke afọ.

Specific okwu nke nsogbu nke chere ihu na a glaciologist, e depụtara 19 nke narị afọ. Otú ọ dị, n'oge a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-kọrọ Ịhazi ihe banyere kpụkọrọ. Ezughị nkà ihe ọmụma banyere ahụ Njirimara nke ice, ya na omume. Ya mere, ihe mbụ isi na-adọ nke mmepe nke sayensị nke glaciology e ji mara tumadi ìgwè nke ihe ọmụma, guzobe nke usoro nkà mmụta sayensị.

Na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20 ka ndị ji mmalite nke sayensị nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ njem ndị mmadụ merela iji na-amụ ihe nke glaciation, lekwasị ke ebe nke Arctic gburugburu. Akwalite igosipụta ọdịdị zuru oke nke anụ ahụ phenomena na-erukwa na kpụkọrọ, ntoputa nke ndị dị otú ahụ kpọmkwem ụzọ ndị dị ka keikuku foto, photogrammetry, kwes mkpọpu ala, probing ala. N'oge a, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị jisiri ịzụlite a nkịtị nhazi ọkwa nke ice, karịsịa soro ije, guzobere na agbaze nke kpụkọrọ.

N'ime narị afọ gara aga e anakọtara ọtụtụ data na ala nkesa permafrost. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enwe ike na-achọpụta na ọhụrụ na kpụkọrọ ka ha directories na nkọwa zuru ezu.

Gịnị na-eme glaciologists?

Glaciologist - a ọrụ, nke kachasi mkpa nke bụ na-amụ ice formations kpụrụ na eke na gburugburu ebe obibi. Otú ahụ ndị ọkachamara na-amụ atụmatụ nke ọdịdị kpụkọrọ, àgwà ha, na Filiks na-eduga na agbaze nke ice.

Glaciologist - a ọrụ na-agụnye ọmụmụ nke snow, ọdọ, nke e hiwere site-agbaze ice. Ọzọkwa, ndị nkà a, Atiya na akaụntụ maka ize ndụ ụzọ gasị na map, si otú na-egbochi omume nke ihe mberede na ọdachi.

Olee ihe bara uru na-eme glaciology?

Glaciology - na sayensị nke na-amụ ihe, nke mbụ, zuru ebe nile glasia na mbara ala ala. Dị ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị dị otú ahụ ụlọ ọrụ ogide banyere 11% nke ngụkọta ala. Ha kwubiri na iji nke 29 nde square kilomita ³ freshwater. Mmepe nke sayensị na-eme ka ò ojiji nke mmiri na ego nke osimiri na ọdọ mmiri, nke na-guzobere n'ihi agbaze nke kpụkọrọ.

Ke adianade do, glaciology - ọkà mmụta sayensị nke otú iji gbochie ọdachi, ihe kpatara nke a bụ na-agbanwe omume nke kpụkọrọ. The bara uru n'akụkụ nke ezi ihe ma na bụ na-elekọta nke ajụjụ ebe, nke na-tọhapụrụ site ije nke kpụkọrọ, na ebumnuche nke na-arụ aku eme.

nkà mmụta sayensị na institutes

Maka ọmụmụ nke kpụkọrọ taa kere a na netwọk nke pụrụ iche oru, nke bụ na Russia, USA, Switzerland, Italy, Canada, na UK, nke ọzọ ukwuu mepụtara mba. Malite site 1894, ọ na-arụ ọrụ mba glaciological kọmitii na-emekọ na-amụ snow na ice.

Iji zụlite a sayensị haziri a usoro nke ụgbọ, nke na-elekwasị anya na- na Polar Urals, Franz Josef Land, Altai, New Earth, na North-East ma Central Asia.

Mkpa glaciological ọmụmụ

The mbụ njọ njem iji na-amụ kasị kpụkọrọ na ụwa, e nwere na oge site na 1923 ka 1933, nke bụ afọ Soviet ọkà mmụta sayensị. The kwuru e mere na Central Asia, na Urals, Novaya Zemlya. Nzube nke mkpọsa bụ ihu ọma a collection of ọmụma bara uru na ice formations.

Nnukwu kwalitere mmepe nke sayensị njem, hazie ndị Soviet na-eme nchọpụta G. A. Avsyukom na oge site na 1950 ruo 1960-nke. Ọ na-e-iji na nlekota kpụkọrọ nke Tien-Shan. N'ihi ya, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enwe ike ịtọ nwayọọ nwayọọ na-atù nke ije nke permafrost.

Na 1877, mba obodo, e kpebiri iji hazie a pụrụ iche aerospace ọrụ, nke ga na-nlekota-agbaze nke snow na ice na dị iche iche n'ógbè nke mbara ala. Nzube nke ya e kere eke mere guzobere na Filiks na-eduga na replenishment nke ọhụrụ mmiri na Earth. N'ihi na oge mbụ dị otú ahụ kwuru na-rụrụ site na-arụ ọrụ nke ohere ebe "Salyut-6". Research yi visual okike. The isi uka nke bara uru data, ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enwe ike na-anakọta site n'iji 12-anọghị n'ogige atụrụ na-6-anọghị n'ogige atụrụ maka anya abuo. Pictures of ụwa elu na e rụrụ site a elu nke banyere 350 km, amịghịkwa a dum ọtụtụ nke elu-edu oyiyi na-enyemaka nke ị nwere ike ime nnọọ ezi nha.

Na 2012, ụlọ glaciologist na-arụ ọrụ na Antarctica, okpu imezu ihe ịga nke ọma-egwu nke ice okpu, na ọkpụrụkpụ nke nke bụ ihe 4 km. Ọkà mmụta sayensị nweela ohere ka mmiri a prehistoric ice ọdọ. Omumu a pụrụ iche ilekota na ghọrọ usoro n'elu ọtụtụ nde afọ, kpughere na ụmụ nje na mbụ amaghị sayensị. Nchọpụta bụ mkpa maka mmepe bụghị naanị nke glaciology, ma na ubi nke uwa nnyocha. Ya na-atụghị anya ya pụta na-egosi na ndị dị otú ahụ dietary ofe na-abụghị nanị n'okpuru ice okpu nke Earth, ma mbara ala ndị ọzọ na ha Satellites.