Il-76MD-90A: nkọwa na photos

Arọ iga ugbo elu - sọrọ-eji ngwaahịa. Anyị mkpa ha na akụ na ụba mba, na-agha, na ọ na-eme na mmejuputa nke kwesiri arụmọrụ-agaghị ekwe omume na-enweghị ha. O siri ike taa iche a anya obodo aka, aja nke ọdachi (ala ọma jijiji, iju mmiri ma ọ bụ mgbawa ugwu) na-enweghị nnukwu efe efe n'ụlọ ọgwụ ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ ụgbọelu, na-enwe ohere maka a awa ole na ole iji napụta ọtụtụ iri tọn ihe oriri, na ngwá na ọgwụ. Na rescuers onwe ha na-mkpa ga-tinyere na pụrụ iche akụrụngwa. Ya mere ụgbọ mmiri taa bụ Il-76MD-90A, "nwanne" nke "na iri asaa na isii" na-ama nwere oge ahụ dị iche iche na-enye. Ma mbụ nke ndị a niile ugbo elu mere maka agha na nzube.

prototype

Ọ mere na Soviet Union, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na iga ugbo elu engineered Design Bureau O. K. Antonova. Nke a otu kere a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nnọọ nke ọma na a pụrụ ịdabere ugbo elu ghọrọ "workhorses" nke "Aeroflot", na Air Force, n'etiti ha e nwere mmeri na size na ikike. Ma mgbe nke sixties, n'ihi mgbanwe ụwa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, e nwere mkpa maka a n'aka nnyefe nke a nnukwu ego nke na ngwá na ndị mmadụ ihe karịrị anya. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-achọ ime ngwa ngwa. Ịghasa "Antonov" ka ibu isi nsogbu na mmejuputa ọdịda arụmọrụ, ma Defense Ministry emenịm a lekwasịrị ike a nnukwu-ike ugboelu. Anyị nyere ngo imewe Bureau. S. V. Ilyushina. Ya mere ná mmalite '70s enwere a etikwasị na mma ibu - IL-76.

"Nwa" na ụmụnne ya

The igwe bụ ịga nke ọma otú ahụ dị iche iche mgbanwe e wuru na ya isi (ọnụ ọgụgụ nke karịrị abụọ na iri na abuo) nke dị iche iche na nzube: si na-emebu iga na-efe efe ọzụzụ ohere emmepe. The ọgwụ version of "mkpa mee Mt" accommodates ọrụ ime ụlọ, kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elekọta ndị ọzọ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-elekọta nkeji. A-50 - anyị azịza "AWACS", ọ bụ ike nke na ogologo flights tinyere ala, nke na ụgbọelu na-emefu ọgụgụ isi kenkwucha usoro ọnọdụ na wider ókè-ala ebe. Top nzuzo A-60 - ụgbọelu nke laser doo ngwá agha. E nwere a variant nke na-efe efe ụgbọ mmiri tanker. Kere na polar, na ọkụ nhọrọ. IL-76 bụ recognizable, ọ na-apụghị mgbagwoju anya na ihe ọ bụla ọzọ ugbo elu, ọ na-eche ndị na-na-na nsogbu, na ndi-iro mba anyị mara na ọ bụrụ na ha pụtara na elu-igwe "Candide" (dị ka ha na-nkewa ugbo elu nke NATO ọkachamara, okwu pụtara "ezi obi" ma ọ bụ "n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ"), ikpe na-aghọ oké njọ. Dị otú ahụ strongmen bụ n'ezie dị iche iche aghụghọ ọ bụla.

Onye ọ bụla oge a mgbanwe echegbu avionics mmelite, na-amụba n'ike nke ike osisi, ojiji, nke ọzọ akụrụngwa. The ikpeazụ na kasị nke ha natara index Il-76MD-90A. Ihe e ji mara nke a ugbo elu n'ụzọ zuru ezu izute ọhụrụ chọrọ na okwu nke arụmọrụ, mkpọtụ, gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa mbipụta, na o doro anya na ọ bụ ike ịmata ihe dị iche si prototype, jidere echiche ịga nke ọma otú ahụ, doro anya, nke a ugbo elu ga-a ogologo eluigwe kara aka.

The mpịakọta mbụ-esi na-ele ule airfield ọhụrụ mgbanwe nke ugbo elu mere na 2011. Ná mmalite, ndị aha kwekọrọ "ngwaahịa" ọnụ ọgụgụ na-sounded dị ka "IL-476". Il-76MD-90A pụtara dịtụ gasịrị, na September 2012, mgbe a agha ìhè na agba ntụ ule sample anya si runway nke factory airfield nso Ulyanovsk.

Isi mpụga iche

IL-76MD ugbo elu mgbanwe ná mmalite post-Soviet afọ, e wuru na Tashkent ugbo elu osisi ha. Chkalov, ma nsogbu akụ na ụba igbochi mmepe nke Uzbek engineering, akada Russian ahịa achọ mmepụta ike na mba. Ha chọpụtara na Ulyanovsk factory "Aviastar".

Mgbanwe imewe, n'agbanyeghị mpụga kweta gara aga nlereanya, na e nwere nnọọ oké njọ. Specialist ozugbo ịmata ihe dị iche Il-76MD-90A n'okpuru ọhụrụ elongated nku. The Chassis nwekwara undergone a mgbanwe, ha na-e n'ihi na 60 ton payload plus arọ nke ugbo elu na mmanụ ụgbọala, e wezụga, ha na-e izute oké nchekwa oke. The chọrọ elu, ebe ọ bụ na onye nke kpọmkwem oru chọrọ bụ ike ohere nrigbu nke iga bụghị naanị ihe, ma na-na-eteghịkwa ete, runways.

The fuselage, gụnyere gbazere agbaze nke pilot na ụgbọ mmiri si ụlọ, nọgidere nta enweghị mpụga mgbanwe. Ọzọ ihe - ngwá, zoro n'okpuru anụahụ.

engines

N'ụzọ bụ isi Aeronautical engineering arụmọrụ na-adabere na engine. Il-76MD-90A na-onwem na anọ TURBO-PS-90A-76 (onye nsọpụrụ na natara ya ọzọ index dị iche iche na aha), na-eke a nzube nke 14.5 puku. N'arọ. Na TURBO mode, na ya nwere ike iru 16 tọn, ma na nke a, ndị takeoff mmanụ ụgbọala aku na uba ga-amụba budata. Na mode nke ụgbọ elu na cruising ọsọ na 3300 kgf bụ ezuru, na ọ bụrụ na ọdịda braking nwere ike eme reversing nzube bara uru 3600 kgf. Kerosin oriri na-ebelata ka tụnyere na aga nlereanya site 12% na na kpọmkwem okwu bụ 0,59 kg / kg · h. Na ọhụrụ ike osisi nwere ike ịkpata isi kwa na akara na mba gburugburu ebe obibi na aku na uba ụkpụrụ nke Il-76MD-90A. Atụmatụ nke ugbo elu dabara n'ime ICAO ụkpụrụ.

N'ime ọtụtụ narị puku ndị lita ụgbọelu kerosin mmanụ ụgbọala tankị nwere ike ijide.

Equipment ibu ogige

The ọsọ nke nnyefe nke ibu maka ihe ọ bụla nzube, agha ma ọ bụ ndị nkịtị, ọ bụghị nanị na-adabere na otú ngwa ngwa ka ụgbọelu na-efe efe, ma na ike nke arụmọrụ ibu na butuo mgbe ọdịda. Truck tagzi 76MD- IL-90A na-onwem na abụọ winches, na-emepe emepe ike nke ruo 3 tọn, site na nke ọ nwere ike propelled mmalite Usoro. Ihe ọ bụla ihe-erikpu ruo iri tọn weliri anọ hoists. AC ramp n'akuku-enye a set nke ibu ibu, ruo iri atọ tọn. Ọ bụrụ na akụrụngwa a napụtara na a crawler-ụdị Chassis, ya ezigbo N'ezie eme podtrapniki. E nwekwara a-ekwe omume iji wụnye anọ ala monorail tracks, nke na-eji maka ọdịda ma ọ bụ loading ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ aviapoddonov na containers.

The ibu ogige

Paradrop site na ramp, agaghi asu IL-90A-76MD nwere ike - dabere na n'onwe nke ngwá - ka nwere a single- ma ọ bụ abụọ-oche layout. Otú ọ dị, ohere nke jumping n'otu oge na abụọ etoju na-adịghị ọtụtụ ndị na-eji n'ihi na nke elu n'ihe ize ndụ nke oké rapprochement paratroopers na ibu. Single-oche nhọrọ na-agụnye ọ buru àmà pesonel ke ego nke ruo 145 ndị mmadụ (paratroopers na zuru gia - 126), abụọ-decked - ruo 225. Air ọgwụ nwere ike buru na osisi 114 merụrụ ahụ.

Ibufe ndị mmadụ na Ụlọ Mmanya set n'akụkụ na etiti oche.

Mgbe akakabarede n'ime a na-efe efe ọkụ igwe arụnyere na a ibu ogige akpa maka mmiri ma ọ bụ pụrụ iche extinguishant.

kokpiiti

Wọkspeesi arụ ọrụ, na-arụrụ ọrụ maka gara aga ụdị, ọbụna ihe a nụchara anụcha ergonomics Il-76MD-90A. Photo kokpiiti igosipụta mmiri mmiri crystal ngosipụta (asatọ nke ha), bụ nke nọchiri ndị pointer ngwá - "Elekere mkpu". Ime akara na joystick levers nwere vysointellektualnuyu ọtọ ọdịnaya. Traditional ọma windo enye magburu onwe ọhụhụ maka ụgbọelu na ụgbọ mmiri na, n'oge ìhè awa na-complemented mmetụta nke "uzo kokpiiti", nke mmemmem na-achịkwa ọnọdụ nke belata ọhụhụ ma ọ bụ zuru ezu enweghị ya. All ọrụ ndị a na-akwado site na ụgbọ elu-igodo mgbagwoju "Kupol-III-76M."

"Dome"

Modern navigation ngwaọrụ nwere adia ọtụtụ nke ọrụ na mbụ rụrụ ụgbọ mmiri na-akwọ ụgbọelu. Flight atụmatụ, na-akpa nkata, ngụkọta oge nke mmanụ ụgbọala oriri na ihe ndị ọzọ arụmọrụ na Il-76MD-90A na-rụrụ na-akpaghị aka. Ma, nke ahụ ọ bụghị ihe niile. Mgbagwoju "Dome" na-agbazi ndị data na ebe nke ugbo elu nachi obibia (ma ọ bụrụ na na ọdụ nwere ngwá kwekọrọ ekwekọ na nke abụọ, Atiya ICAO) na ọbụna nyochasiri Meteorological ọnọdụ, na-enye ndụmọdụ na-arụ ọrụ piloting usoro njikarịcha. The usoro na-adọ aka ná ntị nke na-efe efe na-aga izute na nso ikuku na ngwaọrụ, ịdọ aka ná ntị megide omume ize ndụ nke a nkukota. Aka "domes" n'oge ọdịda, karịsịa na-anọghị nke visual akara.

technical data

Il-76MD-90A, nke na-emetụta ndị size nke foto tụnyere ụgbọala ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ ugbo elu, na-apụ si a ijuanya obere ibe. Ọ bụ iji dị nnọọ 1.7 km. Coasting n'oge ọdịda nwere ike belata ka 960 m site na-arụ ọrụ na moto na reversing mode. a ụgbọ elu na-agba nwere ike iru 800 km / h. N'akwụsịghị akwụsị nso na-adabere na nke ịdị arọ nke ibu. Ibu 50 tọn ugboibu pụrụ ịnapụta 5 puku kilomita, na 20 tọn -. 8.5 puku. Km.

Ugbu a, banyere size nke nwere ihe Il-76MD-90A. Nkọwa-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi akụkụ: n'obosara fuselage ngalaba nke etiti ship etiti bụ mkpokọta 5 mita, na ogologo nke ugbo elu - 46,6 m, zaa ụgbọ elu - 50 m, elu (Chassis) - banyere 15 mita.

Chassis

Nnukwu na Chassis na ike akwado ruo 210 tọn (na akpa dị ka ukwuu IL-76MD-90A ugbo elu). Photos-e si n'ala n'oge na-ahụ-anya, ekwe na-ekpe ikpe ha n'ozuzu imewe na na amara na nke ha na dabara n'ime niche, emi odude ke n'akụkụ nke fuselage sagging. Ogidi ise: a ụta na anọ cores. Na nke ọ bụla n'ime ha - na nnukwu wheel-pneumatic nha dị na-akara, anọ na axis. The Chassis bụ n'ozuzu akuko ngwọta Il-76 ma e wezụga na ụba ibu metụtara na-abawanye na payload na mmanụ ụgbọala, nakwa dị ka ike na-arụ ọrụ na nsogbu airfields choro ike nke niile ọcha.

atụmanya

Arọ ugbo elu na ngwá na ruru ya elu na-eri na n'ihi specificity nke ya ngwa, dị ka a na-achị, a na-adịghị emepụta ke nnukwu quantities. Otú ọ dị, nsoro, Russia ketara n'aka Soviet Air Force, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite ya ọrụ ndụ. Ndị na-adị oge nke ọrụ maka nke a ụdị ugbo elu bụ iri afọ atọ, otú ahụ management nke nchegbu ụlọ ọrụ oge na-eche banyere ókè mkpa Il-76MD-90A. Ihe e ji mara nke a transporter, na n'ụzọ zuru ezu igbo chọrọ nke Ministry of Defense na Ministry of Ọnọdụ Mberede na "Aeroflot", ọbụna na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ na atụmanya. Series mmepụta malitere na 2012, atọ depụtaghachiri ha wuru. Ọ bụrụ na mbụ chọrọ e mere atụmatụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke 38 ugbo elu, na oge nke igba egbe na usoro, ọ na ụba ruo na iri na mgbe ahụ ruru otu narị mkpụrụ dị iche iche mgbanwe (2020). Ọzọkwa, agbachitere ozi gosi mmasị a pụrụ iche bead airborne nyoputa onyeiro na ndabere nke Il-76MD-90A.