Ịwa pendulum - ugboro ole nke oscillation

Kwa nke oscillatory Filiks bụ maara nke ọma ahụ echiche - njupụta na oge. N'ihi ya, n'okpuru vibrations aghọta multiple oge iwu site ugboro usoro nke na-agbanwe agbanwe a na-ahụ nke ukwu gburugburu ya pụtara uru ma ọ bụ efu. Ka anyị iche na nke iwu a nwere a sinusoidal agwa. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na ndị ọrụ F (x) nke usoro e nyere site ụdị F (x) = K * mmehie (x), anyị nwere nnọọ ihe dị otú ahụ oscillating ọrụ, nke, na-echeta, na ala, na ala ...

Tụlee eserese nke kwuru ọrụ nke a, ụkpụrụ, ọ bụla bara uru na Y axis denoted y1, na-akpụ akpụ ndị na X axis, y2 chọta ọzọ mgbe na a uru nke y1. Ugbu a, ọ bụrụ na ndị X-axis, site n'ókè v2, dowe nkeji hà T = (y2 - y1), anyị na-enweta n'ókè V3 na ọ ga-hà y1 na y2. The udi nke eserese n'agbata isi ihe ndị a kpọmkwem ugboro ugboro na niile ụdi agba tụnyere T. N'ihi na anyị hụrụ a oke T maka usoro kọwara nke usoro F (x) = K * mmehie (x), nke nwere ịrịba ama onwunwe na-agbanwe n'ime esemokwu X T-edu ndú ka a mgbanwe ke ọrụ F (x) n'elu dum nso nke ụkpụrụ omume ya. N'ihi mgbanwe ndị na-X-axis bụ na-akparaghị ókè na oge, ndị ọzọ okwu, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cycles T infinitely ọtụtụ, mgbe ahụ anyị nwere a cyclical, ie M ikwugharị, mgbanwe nke ọrụ. Cycle oge T a na-akpọ oge nke oscillation na tụrụ na sekọnd. Ma nabatara n'ime art iji n'ihe unit, nke a na-akpọ oscillation ugboro, denoted f na computes f = 1 / T, a unit na-akpọ Hertz (Hz). Frequency nke 1 Hz - bụ otu oscillation kwa nke abụọ.

Anyị na-gburugburu "ebu" ụwa. Fluctuations - ọ na-ada, ihe eletrik na wires, vibration usoro, ìhè, na tides, adiana nke mbara ala, na ... na-agụpụtara ha n'etiti, ndị a vibrations. All nke ha na-ezuru ot ókè nke ha ugboro, na-ekwu "a nso nke mgbanwe." Ka ihe atụ, oscillation ugboro ole nke audible ụda ndị ọtụtụ onye - si 16 Hz 20 kHz (1 kHz = 1000 Hz), na nso nke ụda ndị ọtụtụ colloquially idu ke nso 100 - 4000 Hz. A maara nke ọma eziokwu na ọ bụghị mmadụ niile na-anụ dị iche iche nke ụda - ọtụtụ ama 12-15 kHz earshot. Usoro na-emetụta ndị ultrasonic vibrations 100, 200 kHz na n'elu. Nkọwa usoro nwekwara ike agbanwe na a nnukwu iche iche nke frequencies - ma na-eso Hz na ọtụtụ iri kHz. Ma ọtụtụ nwere a dịgasị iche iche nke akpa ebili mmiri - si mbak na ruo ọtụtụ puku nde Hz. A zuru ụwa ọnụ ụdịdị dị iche iche nke ìhè ebili mmiri nke ala bụ nnọọ obere, ma na-aghọta ha site anyị akụkụ nke ọhụụ. Dị iche iche oscillation ugboro ole na ụdịdị dị iche iche nke ìhè mmiri na ebili mmiri na-ekpebi agba nke anya ìhè - si red na-acha odo odo.

Ma azụ "square otu onye." Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ adaba iji a ubé gbanwetụrụ nkeji. Dị otú ahụ artifice na-enye ohere ka mfe, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị formulas na-eme ka ha ọzọ anya. Na nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na sinusoidal oscillation ọrụ na-atụ aro na o iji variables na nkeji nke na-amata ọtụtụ akụkụ - radians ma ọ bụ degrees. Ma n'otu oge, na ngụkọta oge nke ndị "creeps" mgbe nile 2p, nke, ọnụ na ugboro ole a dị n'ọtụtụ mgbakọ na mwepụ okwu. Mgbe ahụ, ha kpebiri ịme a gbanwetụrụ unit nke ugboro n'ihe, ma were ya aha "cyclic oscillation ugboro." Ihe kachasi mkpa a unit bụ na ya ugboro kpebisiri ike ka ọnụ ọgụgụ oscillations n'oge 2 * π sekọnd, i.e. 6,28 sec. Cyclic ugboro na gbakọọ site usoro ω = 2 * π * f. Esịnede cyclic ugboro na-kwupụtara ya unit ịtụ - radians kwa nke abụọ.

Oscillating usoro nwere ka ụfọdụ kwa na ya mara na àgwà ya. Were anyị mma ochie pendulum na ubé ukwu, belata ya a steeti vibration usoro - nne Mmetụta-tock, nne Mmetụta-tock. Iji mee nke a ugboro bụ iji inupụ ya na ... hapụrụ nanị. Olee ihe anyị ga-ahụ? A pendulum oscillates ogologo oge na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla ọzọ na-ngwa nke ndị agha, ya oscillation ugboro adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, na njupụta mbelata nwayọọ nwayọọ, n'ihi na nke esemokwu agha ahụ n'ezie na ngwaọrụ. Dị otú ahụ fluctuations mgbe initializing mgbe a push nke pendulum ije, ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla ọzọ vibration usoro kpebisiri ike na site kwa, a na-akpọ onwe ha. Ọ bụrụ na anyị iche na n'otu oge ịkwụsị agha na-hà efu, na ọ bụ nnọọ mfe - niile na anyị aka, dị a pendulum, ọ na-akpọ mgbakọ na mwepụ, ga oscillate ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, na oscillation oge nwere ike gbakọọ si mara, nke esesịn ibu a kpochapụwo, nke usoro - C = 2 * π * √ l / g.

Site analysis ọ bụ omume na-eme ka otu ihe dị mkpa: eke ugboro ole nke oscillation nke pendulum bụ naanị kpebisiri ike site esịtidem afọ nke usoro - na eri ogologo na ịdị ukwuu nke osooso nke ụwa ike ndọda.