Laccoliths - bụ "emechaghi" agbọpụta ọkụ. Location na atụmatụ laccoliths Caucasus

Mountains - a enyemaka guzobere na Earth elu, nke na-tectonic ma ọ bụ mgbawa ugwu si malite. Mgbe magma nke ụwa isi nsogbu, pushing sedimentary nkume etịbede n'ụgbụgbọ na-abatakwa n'elu kpụrụ agbọpụta ọkụ, n'ozuzu na-enwe a conical udi na akpọ vents, mkpọda na ụkwụ. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-eme na ụfọdụ ebe nke mgbali inwere site n'elu mmanu ndi mere onwe formations nke jikọrọ ọnụ bụ ezughị, na magma naanị ewelite n'ọdịnihu nkume na freezes n'okpuru ha, akpụ a "quiescent" agbọpụta ọkụ - laccoliths.

Caucasus ugwu usoro

Na Russia ọdụdụ nwa, kasị ike ugwu nsogbu ke Caucasus North Caucasus region n'etiti Azov na Caspian oké osimiri nile. Ọ bụ a yinye ridges ndinyanade mbịne site n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na nwere ụfọdụ ịrịba elu vertices di ala ala, upland na laccoliths otu.

Ndị a ugwu nke Greater Caucasus - kasị elu na Russia. Ajụ oyi ugwu mgbawa-gawa Elbrus bụ ndị kasị elu ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu na Europe (5642 m). East nke Elbrus uru ọzọ ugwu mgbawa n'ụra Kazbek (5033 m). The ikpeazụ mgbawa nke Ugwu Elbrus na Kazbek bụ 40 puku. Afọ gara aga, na ha anya dị ka a ọtụtụ na-ekpo ọkụ ịnweta iyi, eti eti nke ngiri-afọ-nke uwa sadulu nke Elbrus na ofụri Elbrus mpaghara. Mpaghara a na-akpọ Kọkeshịan Ịnweta Mmiri.

laccoliths Caucasus

Ke adianade ya elu agbọpụta ọkụ, ihe Caucasus mara maka ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa ìgwè nke 17 laccoliths. Ha na-emi odude ke ebe nke Pyatigorsk na Kislovodsk n'etiti Bermamytskim Borgustanskim ala dị larịị ma dị larịị. Ndị a laccoliths tọrọ agbọpụta ọkụ Caucasus - ha ole na ole nde afọ. Sedimentary nkume na okpueze nke ugwu e bibiri, na-ekpughe nkume igneous nkume.

Low elu nke laccoliths - bụghị ihe karịrị otu puku mita, na kpuchie ahịhịa sinik mkpọda adọta n'ógbè Kọkeshịan Ịnweta Waters nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị njem nleta na ndị na-achọ ịrị elu nke dị na-agbalị nke mmiri si iyi.

Atụmatụ Kọkeshịan laccoliths

N'atu Kọkeshịan laccolith - ya Beshtau (1400 m), na na ụkwụ nke Ugwu Mashuk-laccoliths (993 m) bụ obodo nke Pyatigorsk. Mashuk ama akụkọ ihe mere eme duel Mikhail Lermontov, nke na 1841 kwụsịrị obere, ma na-egbuke egbuke okike ndụ nke na-ede uri. E nwekwara a karst n'ọgba, a nnukwu itinye ala tectonic ọdọ nke bilie n'oge guzobere laccoliths.

N'ezie, ọnụ na laccoliths ehi (821 m), Razvalka (930 m) na ígwè (860 m), Beshtau bụ ma a zuru ugwu mgbawa audio laccoliths kemgbe lava ya mebiri n'elu n'ígwé na mere. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ kwa oké na-zuru ezu mma na wụfuru na mkpọda, dị ka na-eme na ata agbọpụta ọkụ. Raznosostavnye nkume n'elu ugwu ngwa ngwa osụhọ, akpụ na ụkwụ nke ọtụtụ Kọkeshịan laccoliths na-akpọ "nkume oké osimiri" na esịtidem cracks. Nnukwu boulders na nzukọ nke ndị polished elu nke mkpọda na na Beshtau na agwaetiti nwere a ji mara "mirror" stingrays. On mkpọda nke gụrụ Honey doro anya na anya ọlaedo lava isi.

akụkọ

The pụrụ iche mara mma na ịnweta na isi mmalite nke Caucasus ugwu taa ọ bụghị naanị na-adọta uche nke ndị njem nleta na ndị ọbịa nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike oru, ma site kwa na prehistoric ugboro tie pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche nke ndị dị iche iche bi n'ebe. Ancient Alan nwere a mara mma akụkọ mgbe banyere ike Elbrus Beshtau na nwa ya nwoke, bụ onye pụrụ ịkọrọ mma Mashukha na dara na a ọbara agha gburugburu ya ọnụ na-ekwesị ntụkwasị obi jigits na agha anụmanụ mmụọ. N'achọghị ndida ịhụnanya ya, Mashukha tụbara mkpọrọmasị mgbanaka, nke e oyi kpọnwụrụ na a magburu onwe ugwu na gburugburu Kislovodsk. A nkume ọkpụkpụ ruo ọtụtụ puku afọ ga-echetara nke Nwere Obi Ike na mpako dike, ebube dị ka ugwu nke Caucasus.