Mechanical ike na ya na umu

Okwu ahụ bụ "ike" na-abịa site Greek asụsụ na nwere a uru nke "edinam", "ọrụ". The nnọọ echiche akpa ẹkenam site British physics T. Jung ná mmalite XIX narị afọ. Okwu ahụ bụ "ike" na-ezo aka ike nke ahu nwere nke a onwunwe na-arụ ọrụ. Ahụ bụ ike ime ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-arụ ọrụ, ndị ọzọ ume ọ nwere. E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke na ọ: n'ime ime, eletriki, n'ibu na nuclear ike. Nke ikpeazụ na-yikarịrị ka ime na anyị kwa ụbọchị ndụ. Mmadụ nwere ogologo mụtara megharịa ya iji kwado gị mkpa site n'ịtụgharị n'ime n'ibu ọrụ iji a dịgasị iche iche nke ngwaọrụ na aghụghọ. Anyị nwekwara ike tọghata ụfọdụ ụdị nke ume ọzọ.

Dị ka akụkụ nke na-arụzi ụgbọala (otu n'ime alaka nke physics) n'ibu ume - a anụ ahụ nke ukwu na e ji mara na ike nke a usoro (ahụ) na arụmọrụ nke n'ibu ọrụ. N'ihi ya, indicative nke ọnụnọ nke ụdị ike bụ na e a ike ọsọ nke ahụ, na-enwe nke ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ.

Types of n'ibu ume: kinetic ma nwere. Na nke ọ bụla, kinetic ike - na scalar buru ibu, bụ nchikota nke kinetic ume nke niile ihe ihe na-eme ka elu a kpọmkwem usoro. Ebe ndị nwere ike nke a otu ahu (ekwentị usoro) na-adabere na ikwu na ọnọdụ nke ya (ha) nkeji n'ime mpụga ike ubi. Index mgbanwe nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ mere.

The ahu nwere a kinetic ike mgbe ọ bụ na-efegharị (ma ọ nwere ike na-akpọ a ije nke ike), na ikike - ma ọ bụrụ na a na-akpọlite n'elu ala na ụfọdụ elu (na nke a bụ ike nke na mmekọrịta). Hà n'ibu ume (nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ na ụdị), na Joules (J).

Iji chọta ike, nke nwere ahụ, ọ dị mkpa iji chọta ọrụ tinyere na translation nke ahụ a na ugbu a ala site na steeti efu (mgbe ike nke ahụ bụ hà efu). Ndị na-esonụ na-formulas site nke n'ibu ike na ya na ụdị nwere ike kpebisie:

- kinetic - Ek = MV ^2/2;

- nwere - Ep = mgh.

Na usoro: m - uka nke ahụ, V - ọsọ nke ya na-atụ ije, g - osooso nke omume, h - elu na nke ahu na-akpọlite n'elu ala.

Ịchọta a usoro nke ozu nke ngụkọta n'ibu ume bụ ịchọpụta ihe nchikota nke ya nwere na kinetic mmiri.

Ihe Nlereanya nke n'ibu ike ike ga-eji site nwoke na na-mepụtakwara n'oge ochie ngwaọrụ (mma, ube, wdg), na ọhụrụ ese, ụgbọelu, na ndị ọzọ na usoro. Dị ka isi iyi nke a ụdị nke ike na nke ya ọrụ nwere ike na-eje ozi na ndị agha nke okike (ifufe, oké osimiri tides, osimiri) na-ahụ mgbalị nke mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ.

Taa nnọọ mgbe n'ibu ọrụ usoro (e.g., ume nke n'usoro aro) bụ isiokwu a ụdi mgbanwe na mmepụta nke eletriki ume, nke na-eji maka ike generators. A dịgasị iche iche nke ngwaọrụ (Motors) pụrụ ime nke a na-aga n'ihu akakabarede n'ibu ume na-arụ ọrụ ọmụmụ ikike.

E nwere anụ iwu nke umu ihe nche na ya, dị ka nke ahụ e mechiri emechi usoro nke ozu ebe e nweghị ihe nke esemokwu agha na-eguzogide, mgbe nile bụ nchikota nke ma iche iche nke ya (Ek na Ep) nke niile ya constituent ozu. Nke a na usoro bụ ezigbo, ma n'ezie, ọnọdụ ndị a na-apụghị-enweta.