Moldavian SSR: akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akwụkwọ, nkọwa, na mpaghara na obodo. The ogwe aka ya na ọkọlọtọ Moldovan SSR

Isiokwu a ga-ele anya na ihe Moldavian SSR. Nke a na Soviet e odude ke oké n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke European nke nke Soviet Union, nke na ọ bụ akụkụ. MSSR e kere 1940, na August 2, na disbanded na 1991, 27 August. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda ya ókè-ala-ya na Ukrainian SSR, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - na Romania. Na 1989, ndị bi na ya bụ 4337 na puku ndị mmadụ. Chişinău City bụ isi obodo nke MSSR.

The isi obodo nke Moldova na 1989 bụ Chişinău (667,100 bi), Tiraspol (181 900 bi na ha), Bălţi (158 500 bi), Bender (130 000 bi). N'oge afọ nke Soviet ike site na obere obodo na obodo nta nke mbụ mụbara obodo Ungheni, Rybnitsa, Floresti, Edinet, Ceadir-Lunga, Comrat.

N'abụ ahụ USSR Bessarabia

The Soviet ọchịchị na 1940, 26 na nke 27 June, zigara madu abua ndetu na Romanian na-edu ndú, nke choro ngwa ngwa iji wuchaa na-arụ nke Bessarabia. Romanian okpueze kansul enweghị ike iji nweta nkwado nke Germany na Italy, otú ahụ na-enye nkwenye Soviet ọchịchị. The Romanian Government nakweere amaghị ndetu site June 28, 1940 na nloghachi nke Bessarabia, n'ụzọ na usoro iheomume nke ndọrọ ego nke ya nkewa na ochichi. Red Army nkeji banyere na otu ụbọchị (28 June) n'ógbè Bessarabia RSFSR.

The ochichi nke 9 Army e disbanded on July 10. Bessarabia na ala agha hapụrụ ala a ghọrọ akụkụ nke Odessa Military District.

guzobere

Na 1940, August 2, ẹkenịmde VII nnọkọ nke Kasị Elu Soviet nke USSR, nke nakweere a iwu na oruru nke Union nke Moldavian Republic.

Moldavian SSR ya mejupụtara nwere ndị na-esonụ n'ókèala: 6 ógbè nke Bessarabia (Bender, Bălţi, Chisinau, Cahul, Soroca, Orhei) na 6 distrikti nke mbụ Moldavian ASSR (Dubossarskii, Kamensky, Grigoriopol, Rybnitsa, Tiraspol, Slobozia.) Ndị fọdụrụ ebe MASSR na na Ismail, Akkerman na Khotin distrikti nke Bessarabia e zigara Ukraine SSR.

Mgbe e mesịrị, na 1940, 4 November, na USSR Supreme Soviet Presidium nyere iwu nke enen mgbanwe nke ókè n'etiti MSSR na USSR. Obere oge tupu a, Molotov na Schulenburg kwubiri ihe ọzọ nkwekọrịta, dị na ya na-German ndị si Northern Bukovina (ihe karịrị 14,000) na Southern Bessarabia (banyere 100,000) e chị na-Germany. Mgbe ahụ na efu ala ha e ugbo, ebe ndị mmadụ na-kpọrọ Ukraine.

Creation nke Moldavian SSR e rụrụ ngwa ngwa. Ọdịdị nke Republic gụnyere 61 c mmezi bi ego nke 55 000 ndị (14 niile na mbụ ebe MASSR, 1 n'obodo nta, na Cahul district, 46 na obodo ntà nke Bender asị). Site Ukraine SSR kpaliri 96 na obodo ntà na a bi na nke 203 000 ndị (76 na obodo ntà nke Khotyn district, 14 - Akkerman na 6 - Ismail ógbè).

Mgbanwe ndị a na-akpali site na eziokwu na na obodo nta nke ndị Ukrainian SSR gafere ike Bulgarian, Ukrainian na Russian bi, na kpọfere Moldavian SSR - Gagauz na Moldovan.

N'ihi

Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị MSSR bụ n'ókèala bụ 33,7 puku sq. Km, na a bi na nke 2.7 nde mkpụrụ obi, nke 70% na-Moldovans. Chisinau ghọrọ a isi obodo nke Republic. Mgbe reorganization nke Bessarabia, na Moldavia SSR ka furu efu 10 puku sq. Km nke ala na 0,5 nde mmadụ.

E jidere ya na mkpi 8000 Na 1940, ndị amaala ndị mmadụ, na 1941 13 June - karịa 30 puku.

Bessarabia n'oge agha afọ

N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ Bessarabia bi abuana ke agha na ma na-ebu agha n'akụkụ. The Romanian agha a na-akpọ 10,000 Bessarabians: ha buso ndị Soviet Union, na ihe karịrị ọkara nke ha nyere kubìe ume. Ntọhapụ nke ndị Moldavian SSR si Romanian arụ mere na 1944. Ozugbo Republic were Soviet agha, wee gaa n'ihu 256 000 bi na Moldova, nke na 1944-1945 ka furu efu ndụ nke 40 592 ndị mmadụ.

The omume igwe mmadụ ọnọdụ

Ya mere, anyị na-atụle guzobe nke Moldavian SSR. Ihe na-aga? The mweghachi nke aku na uba nke ọhụrụ Republic nke USSR, na-edebe ego mmefu ego e zigara 448 nde rubles. Mbụ, di ndu àkwà mmiri na nkwurịta okwu gafee Dniester gbawara alaghachi azụ Romanian agha. nke Red Army e zigara ntaghari ohuru nke aku na uba na ndi nke na-enyere ndị obodo. All nke Nistru osimiri agafe September 19, 1944 e wughachiwo, na Moldova ghọrọ kwere omume mbubata ígwè na akụrụngwa. Na oyi 1945, Republic e dị ngwa maka 22 nke nnukwu òtù.

Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba

Iji maliteghachi ọrụ n'ụlọ Moldavian SSR natara coal (226,000 tọn), ferrous ọla (20,000 tọn), mmanụ ngwaahịa (51 000 ise). Site ntụnyere na larịị nke sugar na 1940 e mepụtara na 1945 karịa 16%, n'elu Jersey site 36%, mmanụ 84%, brick site 42%, na ọkụ eletrik site 48% na akpụkpọ anụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ site 46%. 226 e reconstructed mkpokọta 60 ugbo.

Ọtụtụ mba Soviet (tumadi RSFSR) Moldova bufee ehi (10,800 isi), atụrụ (47 700 isi), mkpụrụ (17.4 tọn), ịnyịnya (17 300 isi), a na Usoro maka nhazi ubi na ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, na 1946, oké unwu na nọmba ehi malitere iju. N'ihi ya, nke 25 000 aturu na ewu, nyere RSFSR, site 1947 nọgidere na ọ dịghị ihe karịrị 18 000 isi. Na 1949, ndị na-agaziri nkịtị na-mkpi si obodo, na ngwá ọrụ ha: ngwa, ala, anụ ụlọ na ihe ọkụkụ - zigara mkpokọta ugbo.

agụụ

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, otu nnukwu aka natara Moldavian SSR. Akụkọ na-aga na n'agbanyeghị nke a, na mba nsogbu bịara na 1946, Otú ọ dị, dị ka ndị ọzọ na mpaghara nke USSR. Na Bessarabia e ụkọ nri mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, na ọbụna ke 1945, meghere akọrọ n'oge okpomọkụ. N'ihi enweghị nri ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nēkpuchi (tumadi na-ezu ohi) ụba n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama.

N'ihi na nke nsogbu, ndị ọrụ ugbo na malitere jụ nyefee owuwe ihe ubi (karịsịa nri) ike. Mgbe ụfọdụ dum mkpokọta boycott collection ngwaahịa. Ndị a mere, obodo ọchịchị na-akpọ "eziokwu ndị adịghị mma ọnọdụ uche". Ọ bụ ya mere na-edu ndú nke USSR tọhapụ Moldova si ọkọnọ nke ụfọdụ n'ime ndokwa ndị ọzọ mba Soviet, na Red Army.

Ọ ga-kwuru na site na 1947 ka Moldova si ọtụtụ mba nke Soviet Union dị extra oriri.

Sovietization

The Soviet na-edu ndú ịnọgide na-iwu nke Sovietization nke 1940, kwụsịtụrụ n'ihi agha. Power dynamically ike na mba. The Supreme Soviet nke Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic na ndị ọchịchị mgbe ha laghachiri si esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile, akpa enịm ke Soroca, ndien ekem ọwọrọ aka Chisinau. Eduzi ka wughachi obodo ọchịchị: mpaghara Executive kọmitii e kere site kpọmkwem ọrụ. Na ọdịda nke 1944 malitere ịrụ ọrụ obodo Executive kọmitii, nakwa dị ka ime obodo, district na-asị. Ọ na-e reconstructed eme ikpe na ikpe.

Presidium nke Kasị Elu June 16, 1949 nyere iwu na oruru nke district Executive kọmitii, ọchịchị, asị na obodo. October 16, e bipụtara a iwu ọhụrụ guzosie ike-ekpochapụ ógbè na distrikti. Atụmatụ - Na December 1947, ntuli aka mpaghara ọchịchị haziri na mba na nke mbụ mgbe agha. Executive kọmitii hoputara na mbu nnọkọ nke ndị Soviet. Ngalaba management na pụrụ iche Ụlọrụ kere n'okpuru Executive kọmitii.

deportations

The nkịtị, bụ ndị jisiri nnukwu ego nke onwe onwunwe, na-akwado site Romania na 1941. Nke a na klas nọgidere na Moldova ruo 1949. Na afọ 1944-1945, ndị Soviet na-edu ndú na-amanye site na ike dekulakize dị otú ahụ bi na. Ọkpọ na ihe onwunwe na mpaghara ebe ndị uwe ojii na-etinye na ndekọ. The Soviet ọchịchị gbakọọ na na 1946, nọrọ na ókèala Moldova 27 025 onwe ala nwe.

Mgbe agha, a ụnwụ na mba, nke mere na e nwere ihe mgbochi-Soviet ije. N'etiti ime obodo bi kasị emetụta agụụ, na-na-ekesa mpempe akwụkwọ na-akpọ ndị mmadụ aka iguzogide Soviet ọchịchị. Yana mgbochi Soviet mpempe akwụkwọ agbala a okpukpe direction, ha gbasara obodo òtù.

Na 1949 April 6 Politburo nke CPSU (b) gafere a mkpebi na nchupu nke Bessarabia, mbụ òtù nzuzo, kulaks, nwe ala, ndị ọchụnta ego na ndị nyeere ndị German na Romanian mwakpo ma nyere ndị ọcha. Ná mba chụpụrụ ezinụlọ nile. Usoro a na-akpọ "Operation" South ". Moldova 11 290 ezinụlọ nke 40 860 mmadụ nọ na mkpi. Expropriated onwunwe ebe n'ime onwunwe nke ike ikwu na mkpokọta ugbo, na ụlọ na ụlọ na-ere ka ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu.

Moldova bụ akụkụ nke ndị Soviet Union ruo afọ 47 ruo mgbe August 27, 1991, tupu mkpọsa nke onwe ya.

ndutịm nkewa

Ihe e mere ka na-anọchite anya a Moldavian SSR? ya na distrikti na ego nke 52 nkeji bụ n'ihi nke nkerisi ógbè nke November 11, 1940. 6 ọzọ na mpaghara nke mba nwetara si Moldavian ASSR.

Moldova ẹkenịmde ndị na-esonụ ógbè:

• Bendersky (Bender, Kaynarsky, Volontirovsky, Comrat, Kaushansky, Cimislia Romanovsky na ebe);
• Bălţi (Bolotinsky, Bălţi, Briceni, Bratushansky, Edinet, Glodeni, Kishkarensky, Lipkansky, Korneshtsky, Rîşcani, Singerei, Skulyansky, Faleshtsky Ungheni na ebe);
• Kishinevsky (Buzhorsky, Budeshtsky, Kishinevsky, Calarasi, Kotovskij, Nisporeni, Leova na Străşeni);
• Cahul (Vulcaneshti, Baymakliysky, Kagul, Taraclia, na Kangazsky Ciadîr Lunga-na mpaghara);
• Soroksky (Vertyuzhansky, Ataksky, Zguritsky, Drochia, Cotiujanschi, Soroksky, Ocnita, Floresti Tarnovski na ebe);
• Orhei (Kiperchensky, Bravichsky, Criuleni, Raspopensky, Orhei, Rezina, Telenesti na Suslensky ebe).

Moldova nwere eso Republican nomination distrikti:

• Dubossarskii;
• Grigoriopol;
• Rybnitsa;
• Kamensky;
• Tiraspol;
• Slobozia.

Olee ihe ọzọ nwere Moldavian SSR? Republican nomination obodo na-na-esonụ a na mba:

• Chişinău;
• Bălţi;
• Bender;
• Tiraspol.

ochichi

N'ihi ya, Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic bụ akụkụ nke Soviet Union ke 1940. Ya agadi management gosipụtara na Moldova Communist Party, nke bụ akụkụ nke CPSU. Na 1990, ndị nketa nke multiparty ntuli aka malitere. Ọ maara na ndị kasị elu ahụ nke Communist Party nke MSSR bụ Central Committee (CC). Na 1940-1990 ọ gawa mbụ odeakwụkwọ nke Republic of Moldova CP.

Na 1990, mgbe April ntuli aka, kpụrụ a mmekota nke "Popular Front" (ndị na-abụghị Kọmunist òtù) na ụfọdụ ndị nọ management nke Moldovan Communist Party, jụrụ Kọmunist echiche ndị Nazi. Nke a gosiri na nkesa nke na-eduga posts: na isi nke onyeisi ike guzo ndị nnọchiteanya nke "Ndị mmadụ Front", na omebe iwu - mbụ Kọmunist. Si April 27 na September 3, 1990 na post of onyeisi oche nke Kasị Elu Soviet nke Moldavian ẹkenịmde Mircea Snegur. Ya otu na 1990, September 3 na hoputara president nke Republic. Mircea Druk bụ onyeisi oche nke Council nke Ozi nke 25 May 1990 na 28 May 1991, mgbe ahụ, n'ọnọdụ a nọ na-arụ Muravskiy Valery.

The Supreme Council

Gịnị bụ ndị kasị elu omebe iwu ahu nke Moldova na 1940-1991 afọ? Ọ bụ Onye Kasị Elu Council (unicameral), nke nọchiri anya eze (ma e wezụga nke 1991 ntuli aka), na a hoputara n'enweghị ihe ịma aka na ndabere nke 4 afọ (5 afọ kemgbe 1979). Tupu ntuli aka, aga ime mma site na-edu ndú nke Communist Party nke Moldova.

The Supreme Council bụghị a na-adịgide adịgide na nzukọ, ndị so na ya chikọta 2-3 ugboro n'afọ na nke nnọkọ, nke e kere di na nwunye nke ụbọchị. Kụziere ndutịm ọrụ nọgidere hoputara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-arụ ọrụ Presidency, atụle mkpokọta isi nke Republic.

uwe nke aka

Ugbu a, tụlee uwe nke ogwe aka nke Moldavian SSR. Nke a bụ a mba nnọchianya nke Moldavian SSR, dabere na uwe nke ogwe aka nke Soviet Union. Dị ka 167th isiokwu nke oruru nke Moldova, kwadoro na 1978, April 15, na ọ nwere oyiyi nke a hama na owuwe ihe ubi, enịm ke anyanwụ. Nke a mejupụtara gbara oko ọka, ntị nke ọka, a ụyọkọ mkpụrụ vaịn na-acha uhie uhie rịbọn, na nke e nwere ndị e dere: na ala na-anya akwụkwọ ozi "RSSM" n'akụkụ aka nri, i nwere ike na-agụ Russian slogan "Proletarians nke mba niile, dịrị n'otu!", On ekpe - nke a bụ a okwu e dere Moldovan asụsụ. Mgbe n'elu uwe-nke ogwe aka mma na a ise-kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando.

Uwe nke ogwe aka nke Moldavian SSR nwere ọtụtụ nsụgharị. Ná mmalite, ọ bụ dịtụ iche na nke mbubreyo mkpoputa nke okwu "dịrị n'otu" na Moldova asụsụ, na ogologo nke anyanwụ na ụzarị. The ọhụrụ uwe nke ogwe aka nke Republic e mma na plenary nnọkọ nke ndị ọchịchị nke Moldova, bụ nke mere na 1990, na 3 November.

ọkọlọtọ

Na ya anya ka ọkọlọtọ nke Moldavian SSR? Ọ bụ a akụkụ anọ abụọ-kwadoro ákwà bụ red, na etiti nke nke a na-n'ogologo ese green straipu. On a red ndabere ke elu akaekpe bụ isi nke emblem nke MSSR - hama na mma owuwe ihe ubi na ise kwuru ọlaedo red kpakpando, gburugburu kọlụm ọlaedo ókè.

Green gbalaga enyene otu anọ obosara nke ákwà. Hammer na sickle ede ihe e chepụtara echepụta square N'akụkụ kwekọrọ na-ise nke obosara nke ọkọlọtọ. The ahụ nke hama na mma owuwe ihe ubi na ala nkuku nke square, na a mma owuwe ihe ubi agụba dabeere na etiti nke ya elu n'akụkụ.

Ise-kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando a na-ẹwụtde ke ot gburugburu n'obosara hà iri nke obosara nke web. MSSR management mma a ọkọlọtọ iwu nke January 31, 1952. Next panel kọwara isiokwu 168 nke oruru nke MSSR 1978.

Anyị nwere olileanya na mgbe na-agụ isiokwu anyị, ị na-a zuru ezu foto nke Moldavian SSR.