Na-eduga ná mba mmanụ mmepụta ke ụwa: Saudi Arabia, Russia, na United States

Oil - isi ike isi iyi nke mbara ala taa. Ọ bụ ya mere na ọ na-akpọ nwa gold. Nke mba mmanụ ndú ụwa taa? Nke a ị ga-amụta site na nke a n'isiokwu a.

Global mmanụ mee

Iji zaa ajụjụ a: "Gịnị mmanụ na-emeputa mba na-eduga na-ahụ n'ụwa taa", ga-n'ụzọ doro anya ọdịiche dị n'etiti echiche nke "mmanụ" na "mmanụ mmepụta".

N'okpuru zuru ụwa ọnụ mmanụ mee, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị iche na ego nke ego na ike ga-amịpụtara si Ụwa ime na oge a na teknụzụ development. E nwere ọtụtụ classifications nke mee: ha nwere ike enyoba, inyocha, kwe nkwa na prospectively inyocha, na na ..

nkeji na zuru ụwa ọnụ mmanụ mee, e nwere ọtụtụ. Ihe atụ, na Russia na UK na-amata na akụ na-eji tọn na Canada na Norway - kwa cubic mita, na ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ - orù.

Total mee nke "nwa gold" n'ụwa taa na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ na 240 nde tọn. Banyere 70% nke ụwa mee na-lekwasị ke òtù OPEC mba - ihe Inter Governmental nzukọ, na-eweta ọnụ a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmanụ na-emepụta na-ekwu.

Top ise na-eduga mba na okwu nke mmanụ mee (dị ka nke 2014) bụ dị ka ndị: Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Iran na Iraq.

N'ókèala eduga na mmanụ mmepụta: top iri

Dị ka otu version of ọkà mmụta sayensị, n'ihi na oge mbụ a ike isi iyi e wepụrụ si n'ala dị ka n'oge dị narị afọ nke asatọ. Ọ mere na ndị Absheron Peninsula. Olee mba na-eduga na mmanụ na-emeputa n'ụwa taa?

Mara na-eme nchọpụta nke Ọnọdụ nke ụwa mmanụ mmepụta VN Shchelkachev pụta ìhè 1979. Tupu na n'usoro milestone mmepụta nke a akụ na-okpukpu abụọ ọ bụla afọ iri. Ma mgbe 1979 mbara mmanụ mmepụta ibu ọnụego kwụsịlata ukwu.

N'ihi ya, ndị ndú nke mba ahụ na-mmanụ mmepụta ka ụbọchị (na brackets pasent nke zuru ụwa ọnụ mmanụ mmepụta):

• Saudi Arabia (12.9%);
• Russia (12.7);
• USA (12.3);
• China (5.0);
• Canada (5.0);
• Iran (4.0);
• UAE (4.0);
• Iraq (3.8);
• Kuwait (3,6);
• Venezuela (3,3).

N'ozuzu, ihe fọrọ nke nta 67% nke mmanụ na-emepụta kwa afọ ná mba ọzọ.

E nwere akụkọ na mba kasị ukwuu mmanụ na-emeputa a ndepụta nwere ike n'oge na-adịghị ike swapped. Na May 2015 na Russian Federation mụtara site na ngiri-afọ-nke ụwa 500 nde orù karịa Saudi Arabia.

The mmanụ ụlọ ọrụ na Saudi Arabia

Ọtụtụ mba, na-eduga na mmanụ na-emeputa n'ụwa taa na-emi odude ke Middle East. Otu n'ime ha bụ Saudi Arabia. N'ihi na oge mbụ na-achọta mmanụ ebe a na 1930. Nke a gasịrị, a Arab ala qualitatively gbanwee.

Taa, dum aku na uba nke Saudi Arabia na-lekwasịrị anya bupu nke ike ego. All ego na nke "nwa gold" ná mba a na-achịkwa Saudi Aramco. The ọkọnọ nke mmanụ ụwa ahịa me Saudi Arabia 90% nke ngụkọta ụtụ! Dị otú ahụ dị elu mmanụ mmepụta kwalitere mmepe, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ọrụ na mba.

Isi na-eji ọkụ nke Arabian mmanụ - na US, nakwa dị ka mba nke Eastern Asia. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na Saudi Arabia bụ onye zuru ndú na mmepụta nke mmanụ nọ n'ụwa, ndụ ndị mmadụ ka ụkpụrụ na mba bụ ka elu nke ọma.

Atụmatụ nke mmanụ ụlọ ọrụ na Russia

Russia - ogaranya mba ụwa na mee nke dị iche iche mineral. E wezụga mmanụ, ọ na-emepụta na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ eke gas, coal na-abụghị ferrous ọla.

Na Russia, na "nwa gold" na-abụghị nanị mined, ma ifịk ifịk esichara, na-amị a nso nke mmanụ ala na ngwaahịa: mmanụ ụgbọala, mmanụ, mmanụ dizel, wdg Ma, àgwà ndị a na ngwaahịa bụ ka elu nke ọma, nke bụ nsogbu bụ isi maka ha ọma mbupụ na ụwa ahịa .. .

Na-adịbeghị anya, ọnọdụ na Russian mmanụ ụlọ ọrụ mma dịtụ. Karịsịa, mụbara ego investments (investments) na a mpaghara. Nke nta nke nta na-amụba omimi nke mmanụ ejegharịrị - taa ọnụ ọgụgụ na Russia bụ banyere 71%.

Oil mmepụta na ejegharịrị na US

United States of America nwere n'etiti ndị atọ ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa na-emepụta nke crude mmanụ na mmanụ ala na ngwaahịa. The ala bụghị nanị na-ebupụ "nwa gold", ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ya aka ekedep si mba ọzọ. Amazing eziokwu: iwesa kwa afo 4 ugboro ọzọ mmanụ karịa na-mined na United States.

1761 - nke a bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke-egwu rigs arụ ọrụ na US taa. 56 nke ha natara crude mmanụ si n'oké osimiri shelf.

The American mmanụ ụlọ ọrụ, nke mbụ niile, atọ ala ga-pụta ìhè: ọ bụ Alaska, California na Texas. Ke adianade do, e nwere ndị na-akpọ Strategic Petroleum Reserve na United States - a usoro idobere nke crude mmanụ, nke ga-ezu maka mba maka ụbọchị 90 (bụrụ na nke Mberede). Nke a idobere na-chụgara dị iche iche n'ógbè nke USA na-echekwara na ala nnu domes.

Ná mmechi ...

Ya mere, na mba na-eduga mmanụ na-emeputa n'ụwa - na ọ bụ Saudi Arabia, Russia na United States. Ndị a na-ekwu na-amịpụtara si n'ala nke banyere 37% nke zuru ụwa ọnụ mmepụta nke akụ.