Nke na-akọwa na di iche iche nke Russian efe? General e ji mara nke Russian enyemaka. Ihe mere ya di iche iche

Earth-abia "foto" nke ya n'elu ala, dịgasị iche iche nke enyemaka iche-iche. Gịnị bụ ndị na-akpata nke a di iche iche? Mere miri omimi bikọta na mbara ụwa anyị si kasị elu ọnụ ọnụ ugwu? Na ihe na-akọwa di iche iche nke Russian efe?

A bit nke "-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ" na "na-akpụ ihe" nke ụwa elu

Tupu akọwa di iche iche nke Russian efe, ọ dị mkpa ka na-aghọ maara na Filiks nke enyemaka guzobere n'ozuzu. Gịnị ka ọ bụ na ihe ha na-akpọ?

Formation nke Ụwa n'elu nwere ike jiri ya tụnyere ihe e kere eke nke nnukwu ọkpụkpụ. Na na mbụ na nke abụọ ahụ ha na-arụ ọrụ na architects na-akpụ ihe.

Na e guzobere na-Earth ọdịdị ala abụọ dị iche iche nke ndị agha (Filiks) na-aka: ndị endogenous (ma ọ bụ esịtidem) na exogenous (mpụga). Ihe mbụ na-agụnye mgbawa ugwu ahụ, ala ọma jijiji, tectonic ije nke ụwa jikọrọ ọnụ nke abụọ - na-arụ ọrụ ifufe, mmiri, ice, wdg ...

Endogenous Filiks etolite niile macroforms enyemaka: ugwu nile na mbara ọzara, dị larịị nakwa nkume ridges. Ha - na architects nke ụwa elu. Na exogenous Filiks na-eme ka "ihe ọkpụkpụ" na-arụ ọrụ ha dịkwa mkpa. Ha na-ebibi, anwụrụ, nyefee na-akpọkọtara geological ihe ọhụrụ ebe, na-eke a kpam kpam ọhụrụ na kachasi mkpa na ọdịdị forms nke enyemaka.

Na imekọ ihe ọnụ nke n'elu Filiks ma na-emepụta incredibly iche iche na foto nke ụwa elu.

Nke na-akọwa na di iche iche nke Russian efe?

Russia - kasị mba ụwa site na mpaghara. Ọ na-esetị 4,000 kilomita site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda na banyere 10 000 kilomita site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ. Nke a na-akọwa di iche iche nke Russian enyemaka mbụ.

The abụọ mere a di iche iche idu ke kama mgbagwoju geological Ọdịdị nke mba. Russian n'ókèala na nsogbu n'ime abụọ isi nyiwe - Siberian na East European. On ọgụgụ expanses nke mba ndị na-ugbu ubi nke nile dị na ịkpakọba. Na Russia, i nwere ike ịhụ metụtara nke oge ochie Precambrian owuwu na-eto eto, na-mepụtara ugwu usoro nke Cenozoic oge.

Ke adianade do, ọ bụla isi ụdị enyemaka n'ime obodo nwere ya set nke nta iche-iche. Dị ka ihe atụ, ugwu Kọkeshịan usoro. Mgbe niile, ebe a ị pụrụ ịhụ ozize na ice na aeolian enyemaka iche-iche. Ma onye ọ bụla nke ha nnọọ pụrụ iche na mbụ!

N'ihi ya, ihe mere ndị di iche iche nke Russian enyemaka na-esonụ:

• a nnukwu ebe nke mba;
• mgbagwoju geological na tectonic Ọdịdị;
• akụ na ụba obere enyemaka forms kere ime ihe nke ifufe, eru mmiri na ice.

General e ji mara nke mba enyemaka

Isi atụmatụ Russian enyemaka: iche iche, heterogeneity na iche nke ya iche-iche. Ike ugwu usoro ebe a nade na ewepụghị marshes na n'ala ala osimiri dị omimi.

Na orographic okwu nke Russian n'ókèala nwere ike kewara abụọ n'akụkụ: n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ (ukwuu n'ime ewepụghị) nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ (ọzọ elu). Ókè-ala n'etiti ha na-agba tinyere Yenisei River. Ọ bụ ezie na onye na akụkụ nke ọzọ e nwere ugwu.

Anyị depụta kasị orographic Ọdịdị nke mba:

• Russian ndagwurugwu.
• The West Siberia Plain.
• Central Siberia Plateau.
• Ural Mountains.
• Altai.
• Greater Caucasus na ndị ọzọ.

Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na ọ na-arụ site na mbara ọzara banyere 70% nke ókèala nke Russia.

The kasị elu mgbe na mba - n'elu Ugwu Elbrus na Caucasus (5642 m), na nke kasị ala bụ na n'igbere mmiri na Caspian Sea (-28 m).

A dịgasị iche iche nke Russian enyemaka si n'ugwu spiers nke Caucasus na miri emi ndagwurugwu nke Kuban

Nnukwu ugwu ndị kasị elu usoro nke Russia - Ukwuu Caucasus. Ọ bụ ebe a na-Mount Elbrus na asaa ndị ọzọ "ise puku-n'elu." Na Caucasus, ị pụrụ ịhụ classic ice landforms - ụgbọala, cirques, trough ndagwurugwu na moraines.

Ma dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ndị dị nnọọ adị n'ezie agbọpụta ọkụ! Karịsịa, na Kamchatka ha igu ọtụtụ narị. Kasị elu n'etiti ha - Klyuchevskaya Sopka (4750 mita).

E nwere na Russia na ụdị ndị ọzọ nke enyemaka. Ka ihe atụ, karst. Ogaranya nke ndị a iche-iche nke enyemaka mpaghara nke mba - ọ bụ Crimea, nke Caucasus na Urals. Ndị fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ ọgba na Russia na-ewere Batovska na kasị mara mma - Kungur abaitiat. Ma Kapova Cave na Bashkiria mara maka ya oge ochie nkume osise.

Na Russia, e nwere fọrọ nke nta niile mara geomorphology landforms. Na ịdị obosara nke Kuban pụrụ ịchọta miri ndagwurugwu na gullies, na Curonian gbụsara ọnụ mmiri na Kaliningrad region - kasị ezigbo ájá dunes na na Taman Peninsula - ọhụrụ apịtị agbọpụta ọkụ.

Ná mmechi ...

Ugbu a na ị maara, nke na-akọwa na di iche iche nke Russian enyemaka. Amanye a ịrịba di iche iche - endogenous na exogenous Filiks na-agbalịsi ike na-arụ ọrụ maka ọtụtụ nde afọ na a n'usoro, na-eke a pụrụ iche oyiyi nke ụwa elu.