Ntọhapụ nke Europe site na fasizim. maka ntọhapụ nke European Operations

Bịara na 1933 na ya ọzọ iji ike na Germany, Adolf Hitler jụrụ Treaty nke Versailles mgbochi, weghachiri conscription, ngwa ngwa gbapụ uka mmepụta nke ngwá agha na nkenye ọnọdụ nke ndị agha. N'otu oge ahụ na mba kere a dị ike repressive usoro nke mkpesa suppression nke iju ma gbapụ mkpọsa nke exclusiveness nke German mba, ọ na-enyekwu ndị kasị elu Aryan agbụrụ na mkpa subordination nke ọzọ ná mba na agbụrụ ga ụmụ Siegfried. German bi akpali echiche na adịgide ma mmepe nke n'ókèala nke ndị ọzọ ga-enye ndị dị mkpa dị ndụ ohere na ego maka mmepe nke Germany na otutu oge mma ná ndụ nke ọ bụla German.

Ịmepụta ihe na ideological ndabere maka ime ihe ike, Hitler ulo oru a ọhụrụ agha ụwa, akada fọrọ nke nta niile nke Europe, na wezụga nke ya satellite mba, jikọrọ aka na-anọpụ iche na mba (Sweden, Switzerland, Portugal, ọmịiko ndị Nazi, na Vatican). E biri, na ọkara nke European akụkụ nke USSR. The Germany bugara ndị Caucasus, na Middle East na karịrị, na India.

Ma ha jikọrọ aka, na bụrụkwa onyinye nke USSR ponosshego kasị ukwuu losses, na-enwe ike ime ka ndị na tide nke agha ma merie a na oké mmeri, 70 ncheta nke nke ndondo eme ememe n'ụwa nile. Ntọhapụ nke Europe bụ site Allied tupu si n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nakwa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, na nkwado nke ndị bi na, mgbe ụfọdụ, na mba ndị a, mgbochi onye fasizim agha na adi ya ọnọdụ na-achị achị elites nwere onwe ha ntọhapụ. Otú ọ dị, nke ikpeazụ a ga-ekwe omume n'okpuru nduzi nke ihe ịga nke ọma na-akpasu iwe nke mgbochi-Hitler mmekota. Isi nke ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu na ntọhapụ nke Europe, na-chịkọtara n'okpuru.

The agha na West n'ihu oghere nke abụọ Front

Na ụbọchị nke October 1942, British agha Marshal Montgomery na Agha nke El Alamein meriri ndị Italo-German nkụzị ịka na Cairo na Suez Canal. On n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke North Africa (Algeria na Morocco) rutere agha nke American General Eisenhower, ọdịnihu president nke USA. Ịga na abụọ nke Italian na German agha, ndị òtù na-amanye ha ka ha na Tunisia, ebe oké osimiri enwe Axis agha na-amanye na-atọgbọ. Nke a mere na 1943, na 13 May.

Nke a mmeri kwere Anglo-American agha na July 1943 na-eme ka a ọdịda na Sicily. N'aka nke ya, Sicily akwụsịghị, na ndị agha na-emegide Hitler mmekota nọgidere mbuso agha nke Italy, gafere Gulf of Messina na enweta na na Apennine dịịrị banye na mmiri. Ihe a kpatara a nsogbu nke Italian fasizim, na iwepụ onye ndú nke Blackshirts dechapụ Duce Mussolini niile posts, sochiri e jide ya. The ọchịchị ọhụrụ nke Italy kwuru agha Germany, ma ugwu na etiti akụkụ nke mba bịara n'okpuru German arụ.

Preparations maka oghere nke a ọhụrụ n'ihu na-alụso Germany, ihe nkwado nke Great Britain na Soviet Union ruo n'ókè dị ukwuu dabere na ọnọdụ na Atlantic. German "wolf mkpọ" nke submarines, ugbo elu, na n'elu mmiri torpedo-nāpunara madu-akwado site na nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri na-eduzi a obi ọjọọ agha akpaghasị Atlantic convoys allies n'ụzọ n'idozi nsogbu nke mmiri deblokady Germany. Ma dị ike agha nke ụgbọelu na US na UK nsoro na 1943 kwere ka na-ekwu banyere ọbịbịa n'aka. Ya mere, na 1942, ndị Allied naval agha na ha ugbo elu ebibi abụọ na narị abụọ submarines Doenitz Admiral. Germany nta kwụsịrị ọgụ na convoys na ejide maka otu ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ otbivshimisya stragglers n'ebe ndị nke ọzọ.

Mmalite nke ntọhapụ nke Europe Soviet agha na ya jikọrọ aka na Eastern Front

Site 1944, ha hapụrụ ndị bụrụkwa agha, nke ghọrọ a dị oké egwu, na mkpughe ụzọ anyị ndị mmadụ na ụwa ka a na oké mmeri. Na January ụbọchị nke penultimate afọ nke agha malitere ọtụtụ ụzọ na-akpasu iwe arụmọrụ, nke mere ka zuru ezu ntọhapụ nke German weghaara Soviet ala na ohere steeti ókè. Ná mmalite ẹkenịmde ke kpuchie nke agha mgbagha nke iche iche arụmọrụ nke n'ihu ọnụ ọgụgụ na ọ bụ mgbe e mesịrị na analysis, grouped ezi uche n'ime n'ozuzu mkpọsa na 1944. N'ezie, na 1944, ndị Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na ntọhapụ nke Europe site na Soviet agha nwere mechakwara gbakwụnyeghachi akwụkwọ ụfọdụ n'ime otu usoro. Iji nye coherence agụ picture nke ihe ndị mere na afọ na Eastern Front, ọ bụ uru na-ewetara ihe nile data na a table:

Iri strok 1944

№№ NN	arụmọrụ	oge	metụtara mkpakọrịta	The-enweta n'ihi
First	Leningrad-Novgorod	14,01 - 1,03	asakde iso ese: Leningrad, Volkhov dị, Baltic, Fleet: The Baltic	The mmeri nke ìgwè ndị agha "North", full of Leningrad deblokady, ntọhapụ nke ndị Leningrad Region
2nd	Dnieper-Carpathian	24/12/1943 - 17/04/1944	asakde iso ese: 1st, 2nd, 3rd na 4th Ukrainian	Ntọhapụ nke Right-Bank Ukraine
3rd	Odessa ------------------ Crimea	1944	3rd Ukrainian Front ------------------ 4th Ukrainian Front Black Sea nsoro	Ntọhapụ nke Odessa na Crimea, na onye fasizim agha tụba ya n'oké osimiri
4th	Vyborg-Petrozavodsk	1944 (Summer)	asakde iso ese: Leningrad, Karelian	ntọhapụ nke Karelia
5th	"Ọrụ Bagration" (Belarus)	23,06 - 28,07	asakde iso ese: 1st, 2nd na 3rd Belarus, 1st Baltic	Ntọhapụ nke Belarus, ọtụtụ n'ime Poland na ohere ka Vistula na ukwuu akụkụ nke Lithuania, ohere na ala nke Germany
Nke abụọ	Lvov-Sandomierz	13,07 - 2,08	asakde iso ese: The 1st na 4th Ukrainian	Ntọhapụ nke Western Ukraine, ịgafe nke Vistula, guzobe Sandomierz bridgehead
7th	Iasi-Kishinev ------------------ Romanian	August ------------ 30,08 - 3,10	asakde iso ese: 2nd na 3rd Ukrainian ----------------- 2nd Ukrainian	Ntọhapụ nke Moldova, Ọgwụgwụ nke agha, Romania, Romania mara ọkwa nke agha megide Germany na Hungary,-emeghe ụzọ na Hungary, ọgwụgwụ nke agha, Bulgaria kwuru agha Germany, rụọ ọnọdụ maka enyemaka na Yugoslav partisans
8th	Baltic	14,09 - 24,11	asakde iso ese: 1st, 2nd na 3rd Baltic nsoro: Baltic	Ntọhapụ nke Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia Ndọrọ ego si agha na Finland na ọkwa nke ya agha na Germany
9	East Carpathian ------------------ Belgrade	8,09 - 28,10 ---------------- 28,09 - 20,10	asakde iso ese: The 1st na 4th Ukrainian ---------------- Soviet, Yugoslav, Slovak akụkụ na compound	Ntọhapụ nke Yugoslavia na enyemaka na Slovak nsogbu megide Wehrmacht
10th	Petsamo-Kirkenes	7.10 - 29.10 na October	asakde iso ese: Karelian	Gbochiri German wax ugwu Finland na Norway

Military arụmọrụ ke Europe (Center na South-East)

Abanye ala nke USSR na n'ihu tupu nke ndị agha na ókèala nke mba ndị ọzọ bụ ihe mere ka okwu nke Soviet ọchịchị. The akwụkwọ kwuru mkpa nke ikpeazụ meriri nke German onye fasizim agha na-emesi obi ike na Soviet Union nwere dịghị atụmatụ ịgbanwe usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mba ndị a na ndị mebiri nke ha territorial ike n'ezi ihe.

O sina dị, ndị Soviet Union n'ihu ọha na-akwado na-eguzosi ike agha, karịsịa ndị Kọmunist na ha ezigbo allies. Na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị arena ndị Soviet na-edu ndú chọ si ọchịchị nke Great Britain na United States na-aghọta ha ọdịmma na nnukwu akụkụ nke Europe. Uto nke ugwu nke ndị Soviet Union na Stalin, ọnụnọ nke Red Army n'ókèala ha dị iche amanye Churchill na Roosevelt ịmata Balkans (ewepu Greece) Soviet nọ nke mmetụta. Na Poland, ndị Soviet Union mere ka ihe e kere eke nke ọchịchị ike n'ihe nye Moscow, dị ka megide emigre Polish Government na London.

Europe ntọhapụ site Soviet agha wee ebe ke nso nkwado na okpuru mmegharị na njikere agha nke mba ndị ọzọ. The Polish agha, bụ Yugoslav agha n'okpuru idu ndú nke Iosifa Broz Tito, na Czechoslovak agha Ludwig Svoboda, Slovak insurgents were ifịk akụkụ na-alụ maka ntọhapụ nke Eastern Europe.

Na 1944, 23 August, nke ndị eze Romania enwere a kuu d'etat megide ndabere nke ẹdude mgbochi onye fasizim izu ọjọọ na sara mbara na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị isi - si Kọmunist na monarchists. N'ihi nke ihe omume a, Romania ghọkwara mgbochi Fascist, na-ezisa agha na Germany na Hungary.

On 31 August, Bucharest gụnyere agha nke Red Army, na ọ na-emi esịnede akụkụ sonyeere Romanian. Nke a bụ ihe mere maka award nke Romanian King Mihai ndị Soviet Order of Victory, mgbe Romania na abuana ke Nazi mbuso agha megide ndị Soviet Union. Karịsịa, Romanian agha nwere Odessa na ingloriously agha na Stalingrad.

Bulgaria, ịbụ onye mmekorita nke Reich jụrụ eziga agha na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ihu, King Boris (German mba) na Hitler zaghachiri na Bulgarians ga-alụ ọgụ megide Russian, mee ka ha si Ottoman yoke. Bulgaria anaghị ọbụna kwuru agha, na USSR, zutere akụkụ nke ya n'ókèala bụ ndị agha gbapụ na ịka Red Army ọkọlọtọ na festive music. Mgbe kuu nke September 9 ka ike na mba bịara Communist ọchịchị, kwuru agha Germany.

Dị ka ekwuola, Finland nakwa na napụrụ agha. N'ụbọchị nke September 19, 1944 ya ọchịchị bịanyere aka nkwekorita na Soviet Union na a kpam kpam kwesịrị nsọpụrụ na ọnọdụ.

The Slovak mba agha nnupụisi

Nke a bụ ihe kasị ndị dike na peeji nke nke na-alụ nke Slovak mba nwere a pụrụ iche n'ebe ndị mere nke ntọhapụ nke Europe.

Slovakia tupu agha, na ruo ogologo oge mgbe agha bụ a akụkụ nke Czechoslovakia. Hitler nwere Czech Republic, Slovakia chie nyere onwe, n'ezie, ọ ghọọ a satellite. Slovak akụkụ zigara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ihu, kama n'ihi na ha na unreliability (Slavic obodo na Russian, Ukrainians, Belarusians Slovaks kpaliri a mmetụta nke ọmịiko maka niile Soviet ndị mmadụ), na ha na-ọzọ ọtụtụ ndị na-eji na-ahụ n'azụ nke Germany maka nchebe nke nkwukọrịta na-agha megide ndị agha okpuru. Ma nke a dugara ọtụtụ ikwu n'ụzọ Slovaks n'ime n'ohu ahụ na-Soviet partisans. Na ókèala nke Slovakia ịzụlite na shirilos n'òtù ndị agha okpuru.

Ná ngwụsị nke na-ekpo ọkụ na n'ụzọ nkịtị ma n'ụzọ ihe atụ uche ziri ezi nke okpomọkụ nke 1944 malitere ama August Slovak mgbochi onye fasizim nsogbu. Iji aka na insurgent ndị mmadụ kpaliri agha guzo dị ka akụkụ nke 1st Ukrainian Front. Otu n'ime ha bụ na 1st Czechoslovak Army agha. Nke a compound nyere ya iwu na General Ludvik Svoboda, onye ghọrọ na 1968 na president nke Czechoslovakia. October 6, dị ka a N'ihi nke ike ọgụ na Carpathian Mountains (na Dukla Pass) na-alụ ọgụ nke liberators banyere ókèala Slovakia. Otú ọ dị, ọbara na-elu ilu agha nke were ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke October, emeghị ozugbo na ihe mgbaru ọsọ - na Soviet agha okpu iji merie Carpathians na jikọọ na ndị nnupụisi. A akụkụ buru ibu nke ndi nkiti bi na ndị agha okpuru gara ugwu, na aka iso agha site na-ekere òkè gradual ntọhapụ nke mba akụkụ nke na-aga n'ihu Red Army. Na akụkụ nke Soviet Union, ha na-aka mmadụ na mmadụ na ogwe aka na mgbọ. Nyefee nke ugbo elu rụrụ.

Na-alụ ọgụ na Hungary, Austria na mbụ ogbo agha East Prussia

The mgbagha nke usoro nke-akpata ịlụ ọgụ na emewo ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na naanị oké njọ mmekorita Hitler na mpaghara na October 1944 nọgidere Hungary, ọ bụ ezie na ọ gbalịrị unsuccessfully ịdọrọ si agha. Onye na-achị Horthy e jidere ndị Germany na Hungary nwere ọgụ ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ. Kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ n'ihi na Budapest ekweghị ka Soviet agha iwere ya na mgbalị mbụ. Na na nke atọ oge na ọ na-enweta ihe ịga nke ọma, na February 13, 1945 Hungarian isi obodo daa. N'otu February biri meriri nke Budapest nkụzị nke German agha.

Na April, e nwere a agha Balaton, mgbe onye fasizim agha ulo oru a di ọku counterattack megide Red Army, ma Soviet nkeji na-enwe ike kwusi na-emeri onye iro. Mgbe ahụ, na April, Soviet agha tọhapụ Vienna, isi obodo nke Austria, ma nweta Königsberg na East Prussia.

Sama East Prussia bụ a siri ike iji chebe onwe mpaghara ke omimi na inogide wusiri ike nke mesikwuru ihe owuwu. Tupu nzukọ nzere atụmatụ maka nke ọ bụla obodo gụnyere ọnụnọ nke nzuzo na-eru nso ka niile. Protection si na-aga n'ihu ndị agha ọtụtụ ulo-agha, trenches, pillboxes, bunkers, mines na barbed waya. Ụlọ n'ime obodo ghọkwara agbachitere nkeji na multilayer ọkụ usoro.

Ma iwe ụsụụ ndị agha nke abụọ Belorussian asakde iso ese (2nd na 3rd) malitere n'etiti January, ọhụrụ, 1945. N'ime ọnwa atọ nke Soviet agha milled a nkụzị nke Wehrmacht na SS nkeji. N'otu oge ahụ na Red Army agha, si privates ka ọchịagha, ahụhụ arọ losses. Otu n'ime ha na April 18, bụ ọnwụ nke onye iro shei papaịrọs Army General I. D. Chernyahovskogo, ọchịagha nke 3rd Belorussian Front.

Ma-na dị ka ọ pụrụ, ga, obi ike na heroism, kụziri site na eru achị ogbunigwe ọkụ (na agha nke East Prussia 5 puku. Iberibe ogbunigwe e ji, gụnyere howitzers caliber 203-mm na 305-mm akụkụ nke RGC) na ụgbọelu support, emewo ka ọ chịlie aka elu nke ebe nke German isi obodo, obodo-wusiri ike nke Königsberg. Batara n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa usoro ọnụ Defense Nazi Germany ẹkenịmde 7 na 9 April 1945. Ọtụtụ iri puku ndị agha Germany e gburu na banyere 100 puku. È weghaara.

Warsaw nsogbu

N'izo aka na-akpali akpali na mwute peeji nke na The Epic ntọhapụ nke Europe, ka na-akpatara eneni nke dị iche iche na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọha na eze ọnụ ọgụgụ, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, akụkọ ihe mere eme na-akwado iche iche iche iche na calibers. Ya mere, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na agha nnupụisi na 1944 na Polish isi obodo n'okpuru idu ndú nke London emigre ọchịchị.

N'oge afọ nke Nazi na-arụ nke Poland efu nde isii nke ụmụ amaala ya nke a ngụkọta bi nke 35 nde mmadụ. The na-arụ ọchịchị siri ike, nke a emewo ka ntoputa na intensification nke Polish eguzogide agha. Ma ha mbuaha. Ya mere, dị ka ike ná mba nke uka Home Army subordinated na London Polish ọchịchị na-na-n'agha. Mgbe ntinye n'ime ókèala Poland, ndị Soviet agha kere pro-Communist ọchịchị - Committee of National Ntọhapụ. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, na njikere iche iche na-alụ ọgụ ndị mmadụ Army. Na-eru nso Warsaw Red Army na nkeji nke Army Ludovit ga-apụghị izere ezere na-edu a kọmitii na ike dum Polish ókèala. Iji gbochie nke a, gọọmenti jee biri na London na Home Army nkeji were mkpebi onwe ịtọhapụ Warsaw na-enweghị a ọma na ogologo nkwadebe weliri ebe-agha nnupụisi. Ọ mere na August 1st. Ọ gara ọtụtụ ndị bi na nke isi obodo nke Poland. Ma Soviet na-edu ndú na-ezighị ezi ikpe na-eme ihe, na-akpọ ya a-agba chaa chaa. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị na-eme nnyocha, ndị Soviet Union jụrụ akwado ndị nnupụisi na ogwe aka mgbọ, dị ka ndị ọzọ, Red Army enweghị ike iji nye chọrọ support. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ihe abụọ - September 13 Soviet agha ruru mben Vistula na Warsaw, na ọnwụ nke ndị nnupụisi na ndị ikpeazụ na-adọ nke nsogbu wee ebe n'ezie n'ihu ha. Ọzọ eziokwu - na ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke nsogbu enyemaka bi Warsaw ndị agha Soviet, na onye iwu nke Stalin ka nyere, ọ bụ ezie na oge ọ bụghị-edozi ihe ọ bụla.

Enwekwaghị 18 puku. Agha na 200,000 ndị nkịtị gburu ụmụ amaala nke Warsaw, nsogbu isi capitulated October 2, 1944. German agha dị ka ntaramahụhụ a malitere mbibi nke obodo, ọtụtụ n'ime bi na ya na-amanye efehe.

Complete ntọhapụ nke Poland

Site n'oge 1945, ndị Soviet Union nwere ihe karịrị ụzọ kara n'elu iro, ịmata ya site na ọkara na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị agha, ugboro atọ - ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị tankị na onwe-propelled egbe, ugboro anọ - ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ogbunigwe iberibe (egbe na ogbunigwe), ugboro asatọ - ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ugbo elu. Iche iche, ọ bụ uru arịba ama na na Eastern Front ejikwara agha nkeji na Allied ngụkọta nke ọkara nde mmadụ. Na zuru ikuku elu, Soviet agha ndị ike ịhọrọ direction na oge nke isi ujo, mbịne imekotaotuugbo offensives on dị iche iche asakde iso ese na ha na saịtị. Ọ nwere ike imeli na-alụ ọgụ, na-eti ndị iro ahụ na mgbe na ebe ọ bụ adaba na-aba uru.

The n'ozuzu iwe e zubere maka 20 January. Site ọgụ ama abuana ke dum n'ọrụ agha na abụọ agha mmiri.

Ma, dị ka e kwuru n'isiokwu a, na Western Front, na December 1944, Ìgwè ndị agha Hitler na Ardennes mberede wakporo Anglo-agha America na tụbara ha na 100 km azụ. Americans furu efu banyere 40 puku. Man. Churchill onwe rịọrọ Stalin na a arịrịọ maka enyemaka, arịrịọ natara a mma nzaghachi. The Soviet asakde iso ese, n'agbanyeghị uncompleted ọzụzụ malitere January 12, 1945 na bụ ike kacha ike na ebe nile na dum agha. Ọ dịgidere 23 ụbọchị. Site February 3 akụkụ nke na-aga n'ihu Red Army wee mben oder - maka ya bụ a German ala, ebe ụwa rịdata na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. January 17 Soviet agha banyere Warsaw.

Vistula-oder ọrụ, na-eduzi ndị Soviet iwu, dechara ntọhapụ nke Poland na-azọpụta site na mbibi na Ardennes agha nke Western jikọrọ aka, kere ọnọdụ maka batara nke Berlin na-akwụsị agha Europe.

Ntọhapụ nke Czechoslovakia

The bụrụkwa agha maka bi isi ọnọdụ ke Europe, mba tụgharịa n'etiti April 1945. Bratislava, isi obodo nke Slovakia, e wepụtara na mbụ, 4 April. A 30-nke Soviet agha weere a nnukwu ulo oru center nke Moravská Ostrava.

On May 5, na ndi bi na Prague bilie ihe agha nnupụisi megide occupiers. Ndị Nazi gbalịrị mmiri iri na nsogbu ke ọbara, ha na-adịghị akwụsị ọbụna site German iwu bịanyere aka ngwá nke ikwenye na 05/08/1945.

Ndị nnupụisi Praguers tụgharịa na redio na ha na-arụkọ maka enyemaka. Zara òkù a, ndị Soviet iwu, na-atụba na a njem ka Prague abụọ tank agha nke 3rd Ukrainian Front. Ime trohsotkilometrovy njem, ndị agha ụbọchị atọ, May 9, banyere Prague. Na nke a agha na ndị ọzọ sonyeere agha nke 1st, 2nd na 4th Ukrainian asakde iso ese, dapụtara na Czechoslovakia a tọhapụrụ site na Nazi arụ. Mezue ntọhapụ nke ndị dị iche iche nke Europe site na fasizim.

The abụọ n'ihu

July 6, mgbe nnukwu ọzụzụ na West, malitere mbuso agha nke Allied Expeditionary Forces - akwa ọdịda ọrụ "Overlord". Anglo-agha America na nkeji nke Free French, Polish, Czechoslovak nkeji totaling 2 nde 876 puku. Man na oke nkwado nke Navy na Air Force rutere n'ebe ugwu France, na Normandy. N'ihi ya, ọ e mesịrị meghere a nọworo na-abụọ n'ihu. Na n'azụ, ndị Germany mere okpuru nkeji na ala na-emegide agha nwere na mba Europe. Zubere atụbakwa obi Germany. Roosevelt kweere na Berlin kwesịrị na-Americans.

N'oge na-akpasu iwe, na-ejikọ ndị agha bịara agha nnupụisi na France, Belgium na Denmark. The French na Belgians tọhapụrụ ha isi obodo site Allied Expeditionary Force enweta ntọhapụ nke ha mba. Danes na-erughị ihe ndabara ọma na - bụghị natara enyemaka, na nsogbu a zọpịaworo site mwakpo.

Ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emeri na mkpebi allies

N'ihi ya, ihe ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ gafere na nnukwu akporo na omimi nke Soviet na-akpasu iwe na 1944 na mmalite 1945, ọ bịara doo anya na-awụ ọsọ njedebe nke agha na ndị apụghị izere ezere nke ikpeazụ meriri nke German agha. Ọ bụ oge maka allies-ahazi akụkụ nile nke ọhụrụ iwe megide Germany ma na-atụle nsogbu ndị agha ụwa iji. Na-eto eto ugwu nke USSR na ude nke niile jikọrọ aka ya bụrụkwa onyinye e meriri ocho okwu si ekwe ka na-anabata ndị amaghị nke Soviet Union jide Yalta Conference of ndi isi nke Government nke atọ isi mba na-ekere òkè mgbochi Hitler mmekota.

Na oge site na 4 ka 11 February I. V. Stalin, F. D. Ruzvelt na Winston Churchill zutere na Yalta Conference, nke ghọọ akwa mgbe nke imekọ ihe ọnụ ike ọ gbasịrị ya. Western ndú ahụ maara nke USSR nwere ikike mezue mmeri naanị ọrụ ịtọhapụ Europe. Ikekwe nke a bụ eziokwu na-ekwe ka iru nkwekọrịta na mbipụta nile.

Agha okwu, ọ na-e kpebiri mbipụta nke imekọ ihe ọnụ na ókè-ala zones nke na-arụ. The Central ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke - ọdịnihu nke Germany - e doziri n'echiche na mba ga-anọgide ekewaghi, onye kwuo uche, demilitarized, bụghị ike nke na-anọchite anya ga-eme n'ọdịnihu iyi egwu ahụ ike nke ndi mmadu.

Powers na Polish ajụjụ nwekwara ruru a otutu mmadu kwenyere. Poland meghee ụzọ nke free onwe ha mmepe na mbụk mma ókè.

E kpebiri guzosie United Nations na ebumnuche nke ọbọ ibe nghọta, nkwekọrịta ma gbochie awakpo n'etiti mba abụọ na agha ụwa.

Ndien ke akpatre, maka n'oge ọgwụgwụ nke agha na ndị suppression nke agha iwe nke n'ekwú na Far East ọ e kwetara na okwu nke USSR n'isonyere Allied agha megide Japan.

Battle for Berlin na-akwụsị agha

April 16 akara mmalite nke Berlin ọrụ. Dị ka a n'ihi nke izu abụọ nke na ọbara agha ke ná mpụga Berlin (Seelow Heights) na na obodo, ebe ọ bụla n'okporo ámá ma ọ bụla isi ụlọ ghọọ a ebe e wusiri ike, agha nke Red Army jisiri ike were ọgba fasizim - na Reichstag na kowe uhie ọkọlọtọ n'elu ya.

N'ikpeazụ, n'abalị nke 8 na nke 9 May na Karlshorst, a esịt isi obodo nke Germany, niile ọzọ banyere omume nke adabere n'ihe ụfọdụ ọ chịlie aka elu nke niile German agha.

Ma nke a bụ ihe ntọhapụ nke Europe si fasizim akwụsịghị. May 9 na-ama na-ewere Berlin, ndị agha si nkeji na formations nke 1st Ukrainian Front, na-enyere ndị na-enupụ isi Prague, ngwa njem kwagara Czechoslovak isi obodo, na-eme ka a onye fasizim nkụzị. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na a efu mgbalị iji zọpụta ya unenviable akara aka, nọ n'ebe akụkụ nke t. N. Army sabo Vlasov, ma ọ bụ Roa, jekuru ndi Praguers.

Na otu ihe kwuru. Common n'oge general ize ndụ iche iche na-ekwu na post-agha oge nwayọọ nwayọọ malite inwe nkewa. Ọtụtụ mgbalị agụgharị pụta agha anaghị akwụsị ruo ugbu a. Ọbụna Victory Day na-eme ememe dị iche iche ụbọchị. Ọtụtụ ná mba tụlee a festive ụbọchị 8 May, na Soviet Union, ugbu a Russia, echeta di ọku ọbara agha Prague ke 1945, usọrọ Victory Day on May 9. N'ụzọ dị mwute, e nwere kemgbe a na-abụchaghị eziokwu obibia n'itinye ọhụrụ ọgbọ nke akụkọ banyere otú ntọhapụ ada itie ke Europe si fasizim.

ọgwụgwụ

Ntọhapụ nke Europe si fasizim e mere na o kwere omume ekele ndị siri ibu-Soviet Union na ya jikọrọ aka, agha nke na-emegide ka Nazi-nwere n'ókèala. Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-adịghị biri, n'ihu bụ mmeri nke Japan, ma isi mmeri ama meriri. The ike German agha ígwè e tiwara meriri.

Ma njikọ nke mba na mgba megide fasizim ike-azọpụta na agha oge. Dị ka na-eme n'ọdịnihu na ụwa, Europe e kewara abụọ n'ogige, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ikeketeorie na socialist. Olee otú ogologo ka ekewa Germany onwe ya. ụwa socialist usoro e kere, ugbu a kpamkpam mutate, ma-aga n'ihu na adị.

Ntọhapụ nke Europe, Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ bụ nnọọ ọbara. Onwu nke Europe ke akpatre agha ụwa na-eme atụmatụ na nde mmadụ 40 ndị mmadụ, na 2 nde n'ime ha - na ụmụ amaala nke Western Europe na 7 nde - ụmụ amaala nke Germany. Ndị fọdụrụ 30 nde mmadụ ndị na-anwụ nke ndị dị iche iche nke Eastern Europe na USSR.

Ma, isi n'ihi - ntọhapụ nke ndị dị iche ha n'agbụ nke onye fasizim. Ugbu a, nnukwu nsogbu nke ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ iji gbochie ọbọ aja aja otiti na-echeta na ahụmahụ nke ime disparate na mgbe ụfọdụ na-emegide ọchịchị na ọha na eze na agha ka iyi egwu nke iyi ọha egwu na mbibi nke na omenala na mmepeanya. Ntọhapụ nke Europe na 1945 ga-abụ maka a ogologo oge ihe ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị agha, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụkọ ihe mere eme na omume analysis. The mkpa nke ahụmahụ nke ahụmahụ The Epic taa dị ukwuu karịa mgbe!