Guzobere, Secondary mmụta na ụlọ akwụkwọ
Ọdịdị nke ahụ lipid. Atụmatụ nke Ọdịdị nke lipids
Abubara - otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa organic bekee mkpa site nile dị ndụ. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-ele anya na ihe owuwu ma na ọrụ nke lipids. Ha na-abịa na a dịgasị iche iche nke ma na Ọdịdị na na ọrụ.
Ọdịdị nke ahụ lipid (bayoloji)
Lipid - a mgbagwoju organic chemical compound. Ọ mejupụtara ọtụtụ mmiri. Ka anyị lee ihe owuwu nke lipids na ihe zuru ezu.
mfe lipids
Structure lipids nke otu a na-enye abụọ mmiri: mmanya na ọdụdụ asịd. Na-emekarị ke chemical mejupụtara nke ndị dị otú ahụ bekee na-agụnye naanị ihe ato: Carbon, hydrogen na Oxygen.
Dịgasị iche iche nke dị mfe lipids
Ha na-ekewa atọ dị iche iche:
- Alkilatsilaty (waxes). Ọ esters nke elu ọdụdụ asịd na mono- ma ọ bụ dihydric alcohols.
- Triacylglycerols (abụba na mmanụ). Ọdịdị nke lipids nke ụdị na-enye edidu ke glycerol (trihydric mmanya) na residues nke elu ọdụdụ asịd.
- Ceramides. Esters nke sphingosine na ọdụdụ asịd.
mgbagwoju lipids
Bekee nke otu a na-adịghị iso nke atọ ọcha. E wezụga ndị a, ha na-agụnye ya otu ọtụtụ sọlfọ, nitrogen na phosphorus.
Nhazi ọkwa nke mgbagwoju lipids
Ha nwekwara ike-ekewa atọ dị iche iche:
- Phospholipids. Ọdịdị nke ahụ lipid otu na-agụnye, ke adianade residues nke polyhydric alcohols na elu ọdụdụ asịd, ọnụnọ nke residues nke phosphoric acid, nke na-mmasị ndị ọzọ dị iche iche nke dị iche iche ihe.
- Glycolipids. Ndị a bụ chemical bekee emepụta site Nchikota lipids na carbohydrates.
- Sphingolipids. Nke a aliphatic aminoalcohols.
The mbụ na nke abụọ na ụdị nke lipids, n'aka nke ya, na-ekewa n'ime subgroups.
N'ihi ya, na umu nke phospholipids nwere ike iche phosphoglycerolipids (nwere na ya mejupụtara glycerol, residues nke abụọ ọdụdụ asịd, phosphoric acid na alkanol amine), cardiolipins, plasmalogens (nwere na Ọdịdị unsaturated monohydric elu mmanya phosphoric acid na alkanol amine), na sphingomyelins (bekee nke iso nke sphingosine, ọdụdụ acid, phosphoric acid na choline aminoalcohol).
The ụdị nke glycolipids bụ cerebrosides (ma e wezụga sphingosine na a ọdụdụ acid nwere galactose ma ọ bụ glucose), gangliosides (nwere oligosaccharide nke hexose na sialic asịd) na sulfatides (mmasị ka hexose na igirigi ibu sulphuric acid).
The ọrụ nke lipids na ahu
Structure na ọrụ nke lipids jikọtara. N'ihi na eziokwu na ha na ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dị ugbu a n'out oge pola na nonpolar bughi rifọrọ, ndị a bekee nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ na interface.
Lipids nwere asatọ nkiti ọrụ:
- Energy. N'ihi na ọxịdashọn nke a bekee ahụ na-akawanye ihe karịrị pasent 30 nke ume mkpa ya.
- Structure. Atụmatụ lipid owuwu-ekwe ka ha na-abụ mkpa akụrụngwa nke shells. Ha bụ akụkụ nke akpụkpọ ahụ lining dị iche iche ozu na-etolite a akpụkpọ ahụ nke akwara arọ.
- Stock elu. Ndị bekee bụ ọdụdụ acid ụdị ego organism.
- Antiokisdantnaya. lipid Ọdịdị-enye ha ohere ịrụ ọrụ ahụ, na na ahụ.
- Regulatory. Ụfọdụ lipids bụ ogbugbo nke homonụ na mkpụrụ ndụ. Ọzọkwa, ụfọdụ n'ime ndị lipids ii homonụ na bekee na-akpali immunogenez.
- Echebe. Subcutaneous abụba oyi akwa na-enye kwes na n'ibu nchedo nke anụmanụ. Ma ihe ndị na osisi, mgbe ahụ wax Nleta a na-echebe shei n'elu epupụta na mkpụrụ osisi.
- Ozi. Lipids gangliosides enye kọntaktị n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ.
- Digestive. Lipid cholesterol si akpụ bile asịd aka na usoro nke na mgbaze.
Njikọ nke lipids na ahu
Ọtụtụ ogige nke a na klas na-synthesized na a cell nke otu amalite onwunwe - acetic acid. Mezie abụba metabolism homonụ dị ka insulin, adrenaline na pituitary homonụ.
E nwekwara lipids na ahụ na-enweghị ike imepụta ya. Ha ga na-abanye mmadụ nri. Ha nwere tumadi na akwụkwọ nri, mkpụrụ osisi, herbs, akụ, mkpụrụ akụkụ, sunflower na olive mmanụ na ndị ọzọ na ngwaahịa nke osisi si malite.
Lipids, vitamin
Ụfọdụ vitamin na ha chemical uwa bụ a na klas nke lipids. Ndị a bụ vitamin A, D, E na K. Ha ga-ingested nri.
| vitamin | ọrụ | The ngosipụta nke a enweghị | isi mmalite |
| Vitamin A (retinol) | Atụ ke na mmepe nke epithelial anụ ahụ. Esịne ke rhodopsin - visual ink. | Nkụ na flaking nke anụ. Isi ọhụụ ogbenye ìhè. | Imeju, akwụkwọ nri, karọt, pasili, red ose, apricots. |
| Vitamin K (phylloquinone) | Na-ekere òkè calcium metabolism. Activates na-edozi ahụ maka ọbara coagulation, a na-guzobere ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ. | Osifikeshịọn nke cartilage, ọbara clotting, nnu ego na mgbidi ọbara arịa, ọkpụkpụ deformation. Vitamin K erughi bụ nnọọ obere. | Ọ na-synthesized site bacteria nke eriri afọ. Nakwa ẹdude ke epupụta nke letus, nettle, akwụkwọ nri, kabeeji. |
| Vitamin D (calciferol) | Atụ ke calcium metabolism, ọkpụkpụ a kpụworo, ezé Enamel. | rickets | Okporoko imeju mmanụ, egg nkochi ime akwa, mmiri ara ehi, butter. Ọ na-synthesized na akpụkpọ site n'ebe ultraviolet radieshon. |
| Vitamin E (tocopherol) | Ọ-akpali dịghịzi usoro. Itinye Aka na anụ ahụ imu. Ọ na-echebe ndị cell membranes si mebiri. | Amụba permeability nke cell membranes, ọnụ nke ọgụ. | Akwụkwọ nri na akwukwo nri mmanụ. |
Ebe a anyị na-enyocha Ọdịdị na Njirimara nke lipids. Ugbu a na ị maara ihe ndị a bekee, ihe bụ ọdịiche dị n'etiti ndị dị iche iche na iche iche, ọrụ lipids ịrụ mmadụ.
ọgwụgwụ
Lipids - mgbagwoju organic bekee, nke na-ekewa n'ime mfe ma dikwa mgbagwojuanya. Ha na-arụ na ahụ asatọ ọrụ: ume echekwara, bughi, antioxidant, nke nchebe, iwu, digestive na ozi. Ke adianade do, e nwere lipids, vitamin. Ha na-arụ a dịgasị iche iche nke ndu ọrụ.
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