Osisi: ndepụta (mezuwo 3). Ụdị ime ụlọ osisi: list, photos

The osisi nke ụwa bụ nnọọ iche iche. Science, nke ọ na explores, a na-akpọ botani. Ntọala nke ya na ụmụ ya na-amalite na-amụta n'ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị.

Botany - usoro sayensị, nke na-enye ohere iji tụlee steepụ Ọdịdị nke akwukwo nri ụwa, nkerisi ya n'ime alaeze, ngalaba, ọmụmụ, iwu, ezinụlọ na umu. Ndị dị otú ahụ a hierarchical Ọdịdị na-akpọ. Iwuli a adabako usoro nke osisi ụwa, ya nhazi ọkwa e rụrụ ọtụtụ narị afọ. The kasị mkpa onyinye mmepe nke osisi nhazi ọkwa ẹkenam Karl Linney. Anyị na ọrụ - iji lebara kpọmkwem ụdị nke osisi (ndepụta). 3 ọkwa nke ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị - a oge mgbe ụmụaka na-ifịk ifịk na-amụ botani. Na Akwụkwọ nke abụọ mmemme na-awa ndị a na ụdị:

• ahịhịa mmiri;
• agbasa akpaetu;
• ferns;
• conifers;
• okooko.

The isi otu osisi

The n'elu nkewa nke osisi n'ime iche iche n'ihi na e ji mara ebe obibi, Ọdịdị, ụzọ nke mmeputakwa. Onye ọ bụla nke ìgwè dị iche iche na-atụle n'okpuru nwere a osisi, nke na-na-ya.

Algae - ntule na-enweghị mgbọrọgwụ, epupụta, ị ga. Isi ha ebe obibi - mmiri. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke umu nke algae na nso nke 35 puku. Ufodi algae:

• mmiri macrophytes: Canadian waterweed, Walliser American;
• green algae: chlamydomonas, chlorella, mikrasterias, Caulerpa, kladofora;
• flagellated algae: euglena green, Faqous, noctiluca scintillans, dinofizis Norwegian peridinella, prorotsentrum obere;
• red algae: Irish akpaetu, endokladiya barbed, porphyry lantsetolistnogo, gigartina, phyllophora, polyneuritis;
• aja aja algae: fucus, postelsiya palmovidnaya, makrotsistis, Sargassum, Laminaria, cystoseira.

Mosses - a osisi na azuokokoosisi na epupụta, ma enweghị a mgbọrọgwụ. Ha amụba a rụrụ site spores. Mosses-eto eto na shaded ebe, nso mmiri, mgbe ụfọdụ, mmiri. Na ngụkọta e nwere ihe karịrị 5000 osisi nke ụdị.

Ferns - osisi na mgbọrọgwụ, ị ga na epupụta. Ha na-eto na shaded ebe na elu mmiri larịị. Amụba - spores. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke umu nke ferns bụ itoolu puku. Ebe a bụ ụfọdụ n'ime aha nke umu nke ferns: enyí nnụnụ fern, onokleya mwute, Osmund eze, Salvinia sere n'elu, azolla Caroline, nwaanyị-fern, Dryopteris nwoke ugwu spleenwort, groomer ahịa ọgwụ, Pteridium aquilinum.

Conifers. Osisi na-eto eto na n'ọhịa, na mgbọrọgwụ, na esiwe. A pụrụ iche mma bụ ọnụnọ nke pine agịga. Na ngụkọta e nwere 600 ụdị conifers. Ka anyị banyere ụfọdụ: pine, spruce, fir, cedar, osisi junipa, arborvitae, yews.

Okooko. Osisi na mgbọrọgwụ, azuokokoosisi, akwukwo, ifuru na mkpụrụ osisi. A na-agụnye osisi, osisi na herbs. Nyere di iche iche nke okooko osisi nọmba karịrị 350 puku ihe. Lee ụfọdụ n'ime ha: poplar, acacia, peony, bilie, Dandelion, hawthorn, Jasmine, quince, Weigela, gibikus, n'ihe ndina ahịhịa, Brome, Timọti ahịhịa, foxtail, pickerel, Belous, wheat, millet, ọka, henbane, datura.

Umu anumanu. Ndepụta na Russia

N'ihi na onye ọ bụla bi e ji ụfọdụ osisi, a ndepụta nke anyị na-enye. Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe, ala cover, akụkọ ihe mere eme atụmatụ, mmadụ na-eme - ihe na-akpali ndị pụrụ iche na osisi nke eke ebe obibi. All ndị a ihe dị mkpa ka a na-ewere ọnụ.

Tụlee di iche iche nke osisi nke Russian Federation. Nyere ịdị obosara nke ókèala, e nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke ahịhịa zones nke Russia, ọ bụla nke e ji ụdị ụfọdụ nke osisi. List (3 klas nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị) nwekwara ike dị na a akwụkwọ ọgụgụ banyere botani.

The isi ụdị nke osisi Russia na-agụnye:

• tundra ụdị, isi na-anọchite anya nke ndị na osisi Bryophyta, akpaetu, berry, crowberry, kuropatochya ahịhịa, Cassiopeia, Dwarf birch, willow pola, pola poppy, arctic bluegrass;
• ọhịa ụdị, nke na-anọchi anya spruce, fir, cedar, pine, birch, akpu, maple;
• steppe ụdị, nke e ji ahịhịa ahịhịa ahịhịa;
• desert ụdị ahịhịa nke na-atụle nnọchiteanya nke wormwood na Salsola;
• n'ala ahịhịa ụdị ahịhịa nke na-anọchi anya herbaceous perennial: Ranunculus repens, Mentha arvensis, pobegonosnaya kpebisiri, ahịhịa foxtail, n'ihe ndina ahịhịa, Dandelion, toadflax, knautia.
• apiti ụdị, nke e ji mmiri-n'anya osisi.

Herbal "palette" Russia, dị ka anyị na-ahụ, bụ sara mbara nke ukwuu. Territorial umu ndepụta, nke ibido dị ịrịba ama, na quantitative okwu ụba site n'ebe ugwu gaa n'ebe ndịda, ma ke desat ibelata ubé n'ihi na akọrọ ihu igwe, si n'ala ihe nādighi ugwu na-eto eto.

cultivation nke osisi

Kemgbe oge ochie, Ụwa osisi ghọrọ usoro enweghị mmadụ kpọmkwem aka, karị, niile na okooko osisi na herbs ndidi ọhịa. Human development nyere ịrị elu mkpa ya obrabatyvanii ala na cultivation nke osisi ka ha onwe ha were. N'okpuru nduzi nke mmadụ oru osisi nwere, ghọrọ usoro, anyị nwetara ọhụrụ atụmatụ. N'ihi ya ọ bụla akuku osisi na Latin pụtara "na-emezu", "esichara" osisi toro ihe-oriri, na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, fodder, wdg D. The isi mma nke akọ osisi bụ na ha na-toro n'agbanyeghị nke ebe mbido na na ha onwe ha na-enweghị ike mụta nwa.

Taa, ọtụtụ omenala ubi-enwetara site na ọhịa site ozuzu ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa injinịa. Akọ okooko osisi na osisi na-ekewa n'ime mkpụrụ, spinning, akwukwo nri, mkpụrụ osisi, ezi. Tụlee akọ osisi, umu ndepụta.

• Mkpụrụ akụkụ osisi - n'ugbo, isi ngwaahịa na-ọka-eji dị ka nri, ngwaọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ, na nri anụmanụ. The isi ụdị nke ubi -eche wheat, rye, ọka bali, ọka oat, osikapa, millet, sorghum, buckwheat.
• Eriri akuku - ndị nke na-mere nke eriri maka akwa ụlọ ọrụ. The isi ụdị nke spinning osisi: flax, dovhunets, owu, jute, hemp, kakpok, kenaf, sunn, sisal, furcraea.
• Akwukwo nri osisi na-akụ na-emepụta mkpụrụ. Isi nnọchiteanya nke: tomato, ose, eggplant, akwa goozberị, Cabbages, kọlịflawa, watercress, radish, ugu, anyụ, egusi, kukumba, carrots, beets, celery, asparagus, eyịm, garlic.
• Mkpụrụ osisi - osisi na-amị mkpụrụ. Ndị a gụnyere: oroma, lemon, mkpụrụ osisi grepu, unere, ube oyibo, mango, pomegranate, mkpụrụ vaịn, almọnd, aki oyibo, olive, strawberry, goozberị, currant.
• Ornamental osisi - osisi na-eji ihe ịchọ mma na mma nke ogige, ebe nke mmadụ na-atụrụ ndụ. Umu anumanu na osisi nke ornamental osisi na-: Akeshịa, Barberry, magnolia, lilac, arborvitae, boxwood, juniper, bilie, peony, ariara.

ndị kasị mara mma ornamental osisi. List of foto atụ nwere ike hụrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ. Nke a na-agụnye anụ ụlọ na okooko osisi.

Osisi (ndepụta home houseplants) agụnye Original Mix. N'okpuru ya ga-akọwara ndị isi subtypes nke ornamental plantings.

gramineous osisi

Nke a na osisi ogologo, na mkpa, warara epupụta na anakọtara doo ya. Nke a na-agụnye ndị nnọchiteanya dị ka AIR gramineous, arundinaria onwunwu, ofiopogon Japanese, Chlorophytum, billbergia drooping, mara mma Wallot, Tillandsia usneevidnaya.

E nwere ndị ọzọ ụdị nke houseplants. The ndepụta ga-ọkọnọ n'okpuru.

bushy osisi

Bushy osisi - osisi, ị ga nke-eto eto bushy. Bụla bushy: peperomiya, Japanese aucuba, achimenes, Begonia, gipotsirta ọtọ, Coleus, arrowroot, Pila.

Osisi na chịm ị ga

Osisi na chịm ị ga na-guzozie, na-eto eto nditịm vetikal ị ga na-enwe dị iche iche elu. Representatives Klein articulates, cleistocactus Strauss, Notocactus, leninghauza, trihotsereus whitish felandra, codiaeum, laurel, ficus, bokarneya, dieffenbachia, dracaena, pandanus, yucca.

Vine na nkata osisi

Liana kpọgidere-downing osisi nwere ogologo, mgbanwe ị ga na-ekwe ka ha na-eto eto na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ndozi. Representatives Ivy, Epipremnum, ficus, Fitton, Werther, kolumneya, zigakaktus.

rosette osisi

Tinyekwa azuokokoosisi osisi nwere shortened, nke na-eduga maldevelopment interstices ma na-enye coalescence nke anya spaced epupụta na otu isi. The size nke ndị a osisi bụ ntakịrị. Representatives gloxinia, primrose, sentpoliya (uzumbarskiye violet), Sempervivum tectorum.

globular osisi

Globular osisi ji enweghị epupụta na a peculiar ụdị azuokokoosisi. Nke mbụ n'ime ha bụ cacti. Ihe Nlereanya nke ndị dị otú ahụ osisi: Astrophytum, Mammillaria, parody, rebyutsiya, Ferocactus, Echinocactus Gruson.