Park "Sophia", Uman. History park

Park "Sophia" (Uman) - ọ bụ a ebe ọtụtụ ndị maara. Kwa afọ ọbịa enukọta ebe a bụghị nanị na Ukraine, kamakwa site agbata obi na ọbụna ná mba ọzọ. Gịnị na-adọta ndị a nile? Ọ bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke mba na e nwere a akuku na kwesịrị dị otú ahụ anya? Ọ amama, ee.

Ke ofụri ofụri, ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na n'ụzọ ụfọdụ Uman - Ukraine na miniature. N'ihi gịnị? The dum na-ekwu bụ na anyị kwesịrị naanị ka ya na ebe a, ị ga-ahụ otú iche iche na uwa nke a region: ebe a, e nwere yiri ka ihe ọ bụla - ugwu na osimiri zoro n'okpuru ọgba ụwa na anyanwụ ubi, pụrụ iche osisi na kpuchiri ahihia ala ahịhịa juru. Na na Ukraine ndụ obiọma, na-emesapụ aka na ele ọbịa nke ọma ndị mmadụ, dị njikere na-eri nri na njem, na-egosi ụzọ na-enye ihe niile dị mkpa na njem ozi.

Isiokwu a Aims na-agwa gị ihe nile banyere nke a pụtara ebe n'ụwa, dị ka ogige "Sophia" (Uman). The agụ na-amụta ọ bụghị nanị banyere ebe bụ ebe a, kamakwa matakwuo na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ya na omume. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, bara uru Atụmatụ na ndụmọdụ ga-enye na ihe na-gaa na akpa ebe.

Pearl Cherkassy region

Uman "Sofievka", a pụrụ iche ogige na Ukraine - okwu a, ma eleghị anya, na-agakọta ọtụtụ uchu njem. Na nke a, n'ezie, ọ bụghị na mberede. Ka anyị na-agbalị obibi nke a nke na zuru ezu.

Mbụ niile na ọ bụ uru arịba ama na Uman - a obere obodo dị na obi nke Ukraine, Cherkassy region, fọrọ nke nta equidistant si abụọ isi ozugbo ọdịbendị obodo nke mba - Kiev na Odessa.

Ke ofụri ofụri, ọ dịghị a dị nnọọ ịrịba akụkọ ihe mere eme uru ma ọ bụ pụrụ iche ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta. Ma, ebe a na-eleta kwa afo site na ihe karịrị ọkara a nde ndị njem nleta si n'akụkụ nile nke ụwa. Gịnị bụ ihe mere ndị dị otú ahụ a ina? All ekele na eziokwu na e nwere otu n'ime ndị dị ebube nke Ukraine - arboretum "Sofiyivka", nke a ezi masterpiece nke odida obodo art.

Nke a na akụkụ nke obodo si nnọọ mbụ nkeji juru na ya mara mma odida obodo, a mara mma ọdọ mmiri, akụkọ grottos na kediegwu ọkpụkpụ. Site n'ụzọ, ọ bụghị ihe niile na-aghọta na ogige na-emi odude n'ime umeala obodo anākpọ Uman (Ukraine), nwere ike n'etiti ndị kasị ịtụnanya akụkụ nke ụwa.

"Sofiyivka" bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ihunanya ebe nke obodo. Ma nke a abụghị ihe ijuanya, n'ihi na nke a ncheta nke odida obodo art n'ezie kere bụghị naanị na aha nke ịhụnanya, ma ọ bụ ihe nnọchianya maka gara aga 200 afọ.

"Sofiyivka" n'oge Potocki

Uman, Ukraine na map na-ahụ nnọọ ezu. Nke a na ọnọdụ dị na nrutu nke mkpa ụzọ azụmahịa, na ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na ọ mgbe, site nnọọ inception nke obodo a. N'inwe ozi a, ọ dịghị onye bụ anya na-amụta na nke a bụ iga ehiwe a họọrọ mgbe e mesịrị maka owuwu nke onye nke obibi nke agụ S. Potocki, mara n'oge ahịa na ala.

Magnate tọrọ ntọala park nke dị n'ókèala onwunwe ha azụ na 1796, Otú ọ dị ya dị ebube oghere mere na May 1800 ọrụ yigharịrị ọtụtụ ugboro n'ihi arọ idei mmiri afọ anọ.

The njedebe nke na-ewu ka e dere na aha-ụbọchị nke ya ọ hụrụ n'anya nwunye agụ - Sofia Glyavone-Witt-Potocki. N'ezie, mgbe ya park ya nwetara aha ya.

Ná mmalite, ọrụ nke onye-isi-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu masterpiece nke odida obodo park akpọ "Sophia" (Uman) a kpọrọ Ludwig Metsel, ihe ogbunigwe ojii, a nwa nwanne Potocki. Mara na mkpokọta na-eri nke ya ndokwa, nke n'oge ahụ dịrị 2 nde rubles. silver.

Dị na atụmatụ nke mbụ ntinye ka ogige dị n'akụkụ nke griin haus, na ihe ndị mejupụtara nke mgbagwoju wee ebe n'akụkụ osimiri bed. Kamenka. Dị ka oru ngo Metzel e kere: ogige mmiri usoro interconnected ponds, waterfalls, sluices na osimiri, ọkpụkpụ, grottos Venus, aku, egwu na obi abụọ, na Tarpeian rock Lefkadiaki.

Mgbe ọnwụ nke S. Potocki "Sofiyivka" e ketara site diọkpara ya si alụmdi na nwunye ya na Yuzefinoy Mnishek - ya bụ, Jerzy (Yuri) Szczęsny. Ma onye-nketa ceded nwe nke obodo nke Uman na ịpasa ya onye nnochi anya nne Sophia, bụ nke a sịrị ka nwere ogologo ịhụnanya omume. Ma o mere ọ bụghị free, na n'ọnọdụ ndị ịkwụ ụgwọ nke ya ụgwọ - 30 nde zlotys.

N'aka nke ya, n'ihi na nke mkpa na-akwụghachi ụgwọ na-akwakọba stepson na di (7.5 nde PLN), Sofia manyere na 1808 na-enye maka ire Uman Russian tsarist ọchịchị. Ọ ọbụna onwe kwara dị otú ahụ a amaghị na Alexander I. Ma n'oge ahụ ndibiat mgbe ahụ.

Ruo mgbe 1813 ogige "Sophia" (Uman) nọ na magburu onwe ọnọdụ, nke a nwere bukwanu n'uru L. Metzel. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ikpeazụ gara na-arụ ọrụ na Warsaw, "Sofiyivka" akwụsịla na-enweta kwesịrị ekwesị na-elekọta ma nwayọọ nwayọọ dabara ire ere.

Ma o doro anya na, na ebe e ka na-tọrọ n'okpuru a kechioma kpakpando. Na 1815 na Paris, bipụtara a uri Zofiówka, e dere site Polish dere Stanisław Stanisław Trembecki. Ọ bụ na ọ bụ ndị na-eweta ogige pan-European ama na ebube.

Mgbe ogologo ọrịa November 22, 1822 na onye nwe park Sophia, akpa ke Berlin, otú ahụ ka ala na ụlọ ebe nwa ya nwoke Alexander. Ọ na-alaghachikwuru "Sofievka" ihe mbụ mma complements ya pụtara ọhụrụ ọrụ na ọbụna jụrụ A. Andrzeevski ikpokọta a nkọwa zuru ezu nke ogige osisi.

Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na suspicions Aleksandra Pototskogo na njikọ na Polish nnupụisi, ọ bụ ezie na ọ gọrọ agọ eziokwu a n'akwụkwọ ozi, ya na ala ya mgbe October 21, 1831 na sequestered site Russian ala.

"Sofiyivka" dị ka Tsarina n'Ubi

N'agbanyeghị ihe ọjọọ niile, ogige ihe karịrị otu afọ bụ na management nke Aleksandra Pototskogo, na mgbe e bufere Kiev mbụ Exchequer, na mgbe e mesịrị - dị ka a onyinye Alexandra si a ezigbo nwunye nke All-Russian Emperor Nicholas I. Na nkwado nke a na 1850 na Caucasus ugwu kama a pedestal n'ịnyịnya oyiyi Tadeusha Kostyushko queen.

N'ihi edo na 1838 st. Garden, wee retrofitting ya n'okporo ụzọ, ogige na-aghọ nnọọ ihe inweta ọha na eze na-amalite ịzụlite ifịk ifịk. N'oge a, wuru alcoves, ennobled iyi, isi uzo, na nso isi n'ọnụ ụzọ wuru ụlọ elu abụọ na Gothic style, wuru a ulo-ǹdò-na banyere. Anti-Circe na gazebo Flora.

A obere ka e mesịrị, na iwu nke Nicholas m, na ulo-ǹdò-na na Gothic style bibie na n'ọnọdu-ya na e nwere a ụlọ ke style nke Renaissance mere site Ai Shtakenshnejdera. The n'ọnụ ụzọ ụlọ elu a na-na-na-ewughachi, oge a na ha na-kere ke ochie style. Ke adianade do, Apollo jupụtara grotto na e setịpụrụ obelisk na atọ gawa ugo na agbajikwa ọmarịcha isi-iyi a na-akpọ "agwọ".

Park dị ka isi Horticultural akwụkwọ

Site na iji nke Emperor Alexander II na 1859 na a obodo a na-akpọ Uman, "Sophia" park tour nke na-adịbeghị anya ụtọ nnukwu ewu ewu, renamed "Umansky Garden General Gardening School." Na nke a incarnation, o nwere ọtụtụ afọ.

Na 1870, ka afọ iri abụọ gara aga, ogige ọzọ Enyi kacha enyi a iju mmiri - dam eroded na Red Ọdọ mmiri, na a nnukwu mmiri na-aga site na akụkụ bụ isi nke ogige. Mbibi, n'ezie, a bụ, ma a ngụkọta ọdachi, dabara nke ọma, ezere.

Dị ka oru ngo Vasiliya Pashkevicha, ebe a na ebe 2 ha kere a pụrụ iche arboretum, ma isi na-arụ ọrụ na-ka na-iji na-ịnọgide na-enwe Uman pearl ke akpasarade ụdị.

Ọ ga-kwuru na na 1897 n'ógbè bụ 152 hectare, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụdị osisi ruru 382 puku.

A maara nke ọma mba park

Iwu nke Ndị mmadụ Commissars nke Ukraine SSR na May 18, 1929 maka aha obodo na nnọchite nke Uman. "Sophia" Park, onye mere eme bụ n'ezie akpali akpali ma na-enweghị atụ, ikwusa a ala chebe ma na-aghọta otu nọọrọ onwe ha na nzukọ. Ma n'otu oge, akụkụ nke ya n'ókèala ka na-anọgide subordinated na Agrarian University.

Na 1945, dị nnọọ mgbe agha, ọ e renamed ọzọ, nke a oge na Uman State Park "Sofiyivka". Na na 1946, enye ama ekenyela bukwanu ego iji na mweghachi. N'oge a, ọ na-eweghachi ọtụtụ n'ime ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọcha, awụ na alleys. On ebe nke 20 hectare, a pụrụ iche griin haus ebe e mere maka ozuzu nke dị iche iche ụdị nke osisi na inwetara "Sofiyivka".

Ukrainian Academy nke Sciences "Sofievka"

Na 1955, "Sofiyivka" bụ akụkụ nke Central Botanical Garden nke Academy nke Sciences nke Ukraine SSR. Mgbe ahụ, dịkwuo ebe nke ogige bụ n'ihi na ala Umansky Gorkommunkhoz, Agricultural Institute na ndị agha unit. Adịghị akwụsị ọrụ na mma nke ogige: n'okpuru ntaghari ohuru Pink ulo-ǹdò, fencing dochie isi n'ọnụ ụzọ.

Na 1956, niile ọkpụkpụ n'ime ogige dochie mbipụta na malite na-zigara ndị repository. Isi ụzọ na-gbakwunyere na a isi iyi nke silver iyi.

April 4, 1980 "Sophia" Park (Uman) rigoputa mudflow. Ya metụtara ka nwere ike ịhụ nke a site na-egosi na osisi (na a elu nke 3 m).

Modern arboretum "Sofiyivka"

Mgbe ọdachi 4 ọnwa na-tutu amama mmebi 50 park saịtị. N'oge a na-ẹkenịmde na nzukọ nke ndutịm na ụba na nke ogige, na-agbake na mbụ efu ihe: fọrọ nke nta wughachi na mbụ draft nke gazebo na ero. Aherusiyskoe.

January 23, 1991 "Sophia" park enweta ọnọdụ nke otu nọọrọ onwe ha na alụmdi dị ka akụkụ nke National Academy nke Sciences nke Ukraine.

N'oge nkwadebe maka ememe nke bicentenary arboretum ezigbo ego nke na-arụ ọrụ e rụrụ site na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Yuri Kalashnikov. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ e kere predparkovy ensemble weghachiri ponds, weghachiri ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọcha dị ka ọkpụkpụ nke ugo na grotto nke Apollo.

Dịtụ nso nso, February 28, 2004, na ihe owuwu natara ya ukara aha, na ugbu a na-akpọ National arboretum "Sofiyivka".

Gịnị ka ịhụ n'ime ogige na akpa ebe?

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, Uman na map nke Ukraine nwere ike hụrụ nnọọ n'ụzọ doro anya. Ya mere, ebe rutere mba a, ọbụna n'ihi na a obere oge, anyị na-enweghị ike itinye dịkarịa ala awa ole na ole nke a zuru masterpiece nke odida obodo art.

On ihe ntị na mbụ? Dị ka nzaghachi nke ọtụtụ njem, "Sofievka" kwesịrị mbụ ahụ ndị dị otú ahụ na-akpali ihe dị ka:

• Agwọ isi-iyi;
• Tarpeian Rock;
• Grot Appolona;
• Cretan labyrinth;
• banyere. Anti-Circe;
• Mgbakọ ebe;
• Grotto nke Thetis;
• Chinese gazebo;
• Calypso grotto;
• Large nsụda mmiri.