Propanoic acid. Anụ ahụ na chemical Njirimara. The ojiji, nchekwa na-arụ ọrụ.

Propanoic acid (ndị ọzọ na aha - metiluksusnaya acid, ihe eji egbochi mmebi E280, propionic acid) - ọ bụ a mmiri mmiri na caustic enweghị agba malodorous. Ọ nwere ndị na-esonụ chemical usoro: C2H5-COOH.

Physical Njirimara nke propionic acid:

1. agbaze okpomọkụ bụ -21 Celsius.

2. The esi ebe dị 141 Celsius.

3. The flash ebe bụ 54 Celsius.

4. The ezengwenri uka hà 74,08 grams / ahumachi.

5. N'okpuru ọkọlọtọ ọnọdụ, bụ a colorless mmiri mmiri.

6. The mgbanye okpomọkụ bụ 440 Celsius.

Chemical Njirimara nke propionic acid:

1. miscible mmiri (H2O) na organic solvents.

2. A propane acid - a typical nnọchiteanya nke carboxylic asịd jupụta. Ka etolite esters galogenagidridy, amides, na ndị ọzọ na bekee.

History of chọpụtara propanoate

Nke a na umi mbụ kọwara na 1844 site Johann Gottlieb, onye hụrụ ya n'etiti sugar umuihe ngwaahịa. Mgbe ahụ, n'oge a oge ọzọ chemists a acid a kwadebere na ụzọ dị iche iche, na-enweghị ifiọkde ya, e amịpụtara n'otu compound. Na 1847, Jean-Baptiste Dumas chọpụtara na mbụ nwetara ihe bụ otu acid nke o mesịrị kọwara otú propanoic acid, nke usoro - C2H5-COOH.

Gịnị bụ ụzọ nke inweta propanoate?

Na ọdịdị propanoic acid dị na mmanụ.

Na ụlọ ọrụ, na umi-emepụta site Reppe carbonylation nke ethylene ka mmeghachi omume dị ka a byproduct na ọxịdashọn nke hydrocarbons, catalytic ọxịdashọn nke propane aldehyde na ọnụnọ nke manganese ion ma ọ bụ cobalt.

Ọzọkwa, a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke metiluksusnoy acid nwere ike enwetara site na-amị acetic acid, ma n'oge a ụzọ nke na-ya mere otú a ka a abụọ isi iyi nke propionic acid.

Nke a na umi nwere ike kwadebere na metabolic decomposition nke amino asịd na ọdụdụ asịd nke nwere ihe iberibe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke carbon atọm.

Ọzọkwa na-emepụta propane acid bacteria nke genus Propionibacterium (njedebe ngwaahịa nke ha metabolism). Ndị a bacteria na-hụrụ na digestive usoro nke ruminants, na n'ihi na ha na-eme na Swiss cheese nwere ya pụrụ iche flavor.

Propionic acid

Ọ esters na salts.

Alkaline na alkaline-uwa salts na-ọma soluble na mmiri (H2O), adịghị igbari ke organic solvents.

Esters a umi-agụghị oké soluble na (H2O) mmiri ma miscible na organic solvents.

ngwa

Nke a acid a na-eji ndị na-esonụ mgbe:

- mmepụta gerbetsidy (e.g. dihlorprol, propanol), ọgwụ ọjọọ (fenobolin, ibuprofen), ụfọdụ ísì ihe (linaloil-, phenyl-, geranil-, benzyl propionate) mgbaze (butyl-, pentyl-, propyl propionate), plastik ( polivinilpropionat), surfactants (glycol ethers) na vinilplastifikatorov;

- ebe ọ bụ na propionic acid egbochi uto nke ụfọdụ bacteria na ebu, na ihe ka ukwuu ọ na-eji dị ka a ihe eji egbochi mmebi na nri ma mmadụ na nke anụmanụ. The ngwaahịa na-eji ozugbo maka anụmanụ propionic acid ma ọ bụ ya nnu (ammonium propionate), na na ngwaahịa nke na-arụpụtara maka onye na-eji calcium (calcium propionate) ma ọ bụ sodium (sodium propionate) ma ọ bụ a nnu-ya nile.

Safety na-arụ ọrụ

Isi ihe ize ndụ mgbe eji propionic acid - bụ chemical Burns ná mgbanwe nke ntaramahụhụ.

Na ọmụmụ ekenịmde ke laabu ụmụ anụmanụ naanị mmetụta ọjọọ n'ahụ metụtara na ogologo oge oriri nke obere doses propanoic acid bụ ọdịdị nke ọnyá na nkọlọ na afo, na-kpatara corrosive Njirimara nke umi. Ọ bụghị dị na nnwale na propionic acid bụ mutagenic, carcinogenic, na-egbu egbu na ihe ọjọọ maka omumu akụkụ. Ozugbo ahụ, anyị na-atụle a umi oxidizes ngwa ngwa metabolized na-ahụ outputted n'ụdị carbon dioxide.