Representatives nke ezinụlọ kloovu. The ezinụlọ kloovu: e ji mara na nkọwa

Representatives nke ezinụlọ Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae) na-hụrụ fọrọ nke nta niile nkuku nke ụwa. Too dị otú ahụ osisi tinyere mba anyị. N'ime ọhịa ma steppes nke Russia pụrụ ịchọta slumber ọhịa, Silene dioica, ragged Robin, wdg N'ezie, kloovu - .. Family, nke ndị so na mgbe toro na suburban ebe. Ha na-eji n'ubi na ubi mkpụrụ osisi, ha tumadi dị ornamental osisi.

General e ji mara

The isi distinguishing atụmatụ nke ndị nile so na nke ezinụlọ kloovu bụ:

• ụmụ okorobịa na-abụghị epupụta;

• bisexual okooko osisi na calyx na corolla;

• akọrọ, na a ụdị nke a igbe, a mkpụrụ-tsenokarpy;

• obere ezigbo lumpy osisi.

Kloovu - ezinụlọ na-agụnye 86 genera na banyere 2000 umu.

mgbasa

Ndị a osisi na-eto eto na ụwa kọntinent n'ụzọ na-ekwekọghị. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị na Eastern na Central Asia, nakwa dị ka na Mediterranean mba. All ụdị nnọchiteanya nke kloovu nwere ike dị na ọhịa ma steppes, n'ọzara, na-tundra. Otu nke umu nke ezinụlọ a - zvezchatka na-akpụ akpụ - ọbụna a hụrụ elu ugwu (6000 m).

Ọdịdị nke ifuru

The ezinụlọ kloovu, ma ọ bụ kama, ndị nnọchianya ya dị iche na ha beaters nwere ise ma ọ bụ anọ petals. Stamens nke ọ bụla n'ime ha bụ na-emekarị 8-10. Ha na-dị na abụọ agba 4-5 PC. The ovary nke a ifuru na ọtụtụ n'elu syamezachatkami n'otu akwụ. N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu, okooko osisi na-ndị òtù ezinụlọ kloovu protandrichny. Nke ahụ bụ, pollen na ha na-wụsara tozuru okè tupu ihere.

Nectar si okooko osisi ndị na-emekarị hiri nne. Ha na-ama ifuru site aṅụ, butterflies, na na. D. The udi nke okooko osisi nke ezinụlọ kloovu ọtụtụ mgbe na-na-agbasa, na Ya mere na-adịghị pụrụ iche maka pollination nke ụfọdụ kpọmkwem ụmụ ahụhụ.

nhazi ọkwa

All nke kloovu F. Pax usoro nwere ike subdivided atọ isi subfamilies:

• paronihievye;

• smolevkovye;

• alsinovye.

Ha nwere ike ịdị iche na-anọghị ma ọ bụ ọnụnọ nke stipules ma ọ bụ ifuru Ọdịdị.

Kloovu ezinụlọ: pụtara n'ihi na akụ na ụba mba

Kloovu ike ga-eji:

• dị ka ornamental osisi;

• na ukara na ndiife na nkà mmụta ọgwụ;

• dị ka ndị nọ n'ọnọdụ ncha;

• dị ka nri maka anụ ụlọ.

Kloovu - ezinụlọ, nke na-agụnye tinyere ata, nke nwere ọgụ na cultivation nke iche iche iche iche nke na-akọ ugbo na ornamental kụrụ akụ. Ha na-adị n'ime ọhịa na-egbu egbu umu Caryophyllaceae.

The ezinụlọ kloovu: nnọchiteanya nwere ji achọ uru

Ọtụtụ ụdị Caryophyllaceae ezinụlọ ubi na ubi mkpụrụ osisi toro n'ihi na ezi a ogologo oge. The kasị ewu ewu na ji achọ kloovu nwere ike na-agụnye ihe atụ, nke genera na Saponaria campion. Ọtụtụ mgbe na suburban ebe nwere ike hụrụ dị ka mara mma ma na gerbils minuartia.

Soapwort (Saponaria): General nkọwa

The isi mma nke a genus bụ-adịghị okomoko na kama elu ji achọ mma. Kasị mylnyanok, n'ihi na ndị a osisi na-kọmpat, toro na Alpine ugwu nta nile. Saponaria agbụrụ nwere ihe karịrị 30 dị iche iche ụdị.

Saponaria officinalis ruo mgbe na-adịbeghị anya nwere ike hụrụ na ọ fọrọ nke nta niile na ubi na ubi mkpụrụ osisi. Taa ọ bụ a osisi nke ezinụlọ kloovu furu efu ụfọdụ nke ya ewu ewu. The dum na-ekwu bụ ya ubara ike dịrị. Nke a kọwakwuru ji achọ (na ọgwụ) omenala fọrọ nke nta n'otu ntabi, na, mmọdo, ngwa ngwa amama n'ime a ahihia.

The kasị ewu ewu na-anọchite anya nke ụdị taa bụ ọzọ saponaria - bazilikolistnaya. N'ime ọhịa, na osisi na-etolite tumadi na ugwu nke Western Europe. Ome saponaria bazilikolistnaya ọbịa na-ebi ụdị na agba nke okooko osisi bụ na-egbuke egbuke pink. Na-elekọta osisi, nakwa dị ka ihe niile ndị òtù nke genus, ọ dị mfe. Otú ọ dị, iji chebe compactness mylnjanki bazilikolistnuyu mkpa mgbe re-okooko (mbubreyo okpomọkụ) bee otu nke atọ n'ịdị elu.

Ọtụtụ mgbe na ubi na ubi mkpụrụ osisi Russian ọkwọ ụgbọala pụkwara hụrụ mylnjanki turfy. Home a umu bụ Pyrenees. Okooko osisi na nke a kọmpat (5-6 cm), osisi nwere a mara mma nke ukwuu pink agba.

All mylnjanki n'elu nwere ike na-eto eto n'otu ebe ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Ọ bụla pụrụ iche nkwadebe nke ala, ndị a osisi anaghị achọ. Otú ọ dị, ebe n'okpuru ha ga-ahọrọ a anwụ na-acha, elu. Dị mma nke ukwuu na-eme ndokwa a bed na drainage.

Campion (Silene): pụrụ iche atụmatụ

Ọ bụkwa ezi-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị nwe nke okpomọkụ cottages agbụrụ kloovu, na ihe karịrị 400 umu. Campion eji tumadi na obere ifuru akwa na rockery. The kasị otu nke genus bụ Silene seaside. Nke a kama ala osisi (ruo 25 cm) Nleta a mkpumkpu azụ na a bed ma ọ bụ a-akpali nnọọ mmasị na ndị mara mma-acha anụnụ anụnụ-agba ntụ "ohiri isi." Campion blooms fọrọ nke nta niile n'oge okpomọkụ seaside. Iche-iche na iche-iche nke o mere nnọọ egosipụta obere. ị nwere ike họrọ a dịgasị iche iche na-acha ọcha okooko osisi ma ọ bụ pink gị n'ubi.

Silene Alpine - nnọọ a na-ewu ewu so na genus - forms friable "fom" ruo 20 cm bụ karịsịa mara mma ọ na-atụle a n'ụdị na abụọ okooko osisi lush .. Ọzọkwa mgbe ụfọdụ Gardeners na-toro na ya suburban ebe campion acaulescent, Argos, na ụdị kantzinskogo.

Description kloovu Campion (Lychnis)

Nke a nkịtị mba nwekwara dị iche ezi elu ji achọ àgwà. Ọ na-agụnye a na 35 dị iche iche, ma ndị kasị ewu ewu na-nnọchianya ya Campion Arkwright na okpueze. The mbụ ohia Nleta a kọmpat elu nke 35-40 cm na-amasị Gardeners oké oroma-acha ọbara ọbara okooko osisi, onye n'obosara nwere ike ịbụ ruo 3 cm.

Campion okpueze - na nke a bụ a herbaceous osisi nke ezinụlọ Caryophyllaceae, ọbụna ike na-eto eto na etiti peeji Ona. Mgbe elu ya nwere ike iru 45-90 cm. The agba nke okooko osisi na ụdị nnọchiteanya Campion nwere ike na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ pink.

Gerbils (Arenaria) na minuartia (Minuartia)

Representatives ndị a genera ndị yiri nnọọ ka ọ bụla ọzọ. Iji ruo n'ókè nke na ha na-emekarị ọbụna mgbagwoju anya na onye ọ bụla ọzọ. The kasị ewu ewu bụ ugwu gerbil. Nke a na osisi nwere ike iru 10 cm na ịdị elu na-eto eto ruo 50 cm n'obosara. Okooko osisi na gerbil ugwu ọcha, nnukwu.

Ọtụtụ nkịtị bụ minuartia mozhzhevelolistnaya. Nke a ikpọ osisi ruru a dị elu nke na 15 cm na magburu onwe na anya dị ka a otu akuku, ma ọ bụ na Nchikota na ndị ọzọ ornamental ubi, e.g., ariara ma ọ bụ n'elu ugwu na ferns. Inflorescence na minuartia mozhzhevelolistnoy racemes, na kapịrị ọnụ epupụta.

ọgwụ di iche iche

Kloovu - ezinụlọ, ndị ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere ike iji gụnyere ke ndiife na ukara na nkà mmụta ọgwụ. Mbụ niile osisi dị ka:

• Kolyuchelistnik.

• Gryzhnik ire ụtọ.

• Òtù nke genus Gypsophila.

Eji na-agwọ ụdị ọrịa, ndị a osisi ndị ruru elu ọdịnaya na ha na nsụkọrọ physiologically-arụ ọrụ bekee: alkaloids, flavonoids, vitamin, saponins, mkpa mmanụ na organic asịd.

Kolyuchelistnik (Acanthophyllum): Description

Family kloovu dị iche iche ime mgbanwe iji kwekọọ a dịgasị iche iche nke gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ. Eto eto ya na-anọchite anya na-gụnyere ke di ala ala. Ọ bụ na ebe nile di elu pụrụ ịchọta ọgwụ kolyuchelistnik. A akụkụ pụrụ iche nke a osisi bụ na-anọghị nke azuokokoosisi. Doo Acanthophyllum notched, bụ ogwu na abụọ, na-anakọtara na tinyekwa (40-50 cm n'obosara). Ke n'etiti bụ ikpeazụ inflorescence nkata ahụ ala nke na-mmasị tubular okooko osisi.

Na ọgwụ na-etinyere ihu ọma dị nnọọ uru mgbọrọgwụ kolyuchelistnika. Na ha, na ihe ndị ọzọ, nwere mkpa mmanụ, tannins, insulin, resinous umi. Infusion nwere ike ga-ndinọ maka omume kolyuchelistnika helminthiasis (anụmanụ), mkpofu chiriev ka mamịrị na mgbochi mkpali n'ụlọnga.

Gryzhnik ezigbo: na osisi?

Nke a groundcover perennial na-gụnyere ndị ezinụlọ nke kloovu. Photos nwere ike hụrụ n'okpuru. Ya sleek-arị arị ị ga kpamkpam kpuchie obere oval epupụta, na axils nke anakọtara bọọlụ nke obere odo okooko osisi. N'ime ọhịa, herniaria glabra etolite tumadi na ịta ahịhịa, nkume wastelands na roadsides.

Bara uru infusions na decoctions nke herbs nondescript a nwere ike ịbụ na ụkwara, jaundice, ọrịa nke eriri afo na akụrụ. Ha nwekwara ike-eji maka baths maka ọjọọ ikesiike ọnyá.

Rhode Gypsophila

Aha ọzọ maka ụdị - nwa ume. Nke a bụ nnọọ nkịtị osisi nke ezinụlọ Caryophyllaceae. Ugbu a, e nwere banyere 150 ụdị a genus. Ma nke N'ezie, ọ bụghị ha niile na-ọgwụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, iji gwọọ ụdị ọrịa mee Gypsophila paniculata. Ọ bụ a perennial herbaceous osisi na ogologo rhizomes na leafy bulbous azuokokoosisi. N'ime ọhịa, Gypsophila paniculata etolite Western Siberia, Central Asia na European akụkụ nke Russia. Ya akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ akụkụ nwere ike ji mee ka antimicrobial, analgesic, laxative ma ọ bụ emetic. Ọzọkwa, infusion nke a ogwu a na-eji maka ihe mgbu na imeju ebe.

ata

Agbakwunye mgbagwoju maka na-eto eto iche iche iche iche nke na-akọ ugbo na Horticultural ubi nwere ọtụtụ ndị òtù ezinụlọ Caryophyllaceae. Ma ndị kasị pernicious ahihia bụ chickweed, ma ọ bụ osisi igwu. The ndụ okirikiri nke osisi bụ naanị ụbọchị 40. Ya mere, n'ihi oge, ọ pụrụ inye aka 3 ọgbọ. The ala nke ị ga woodlice, na ọ dị mfe na-ada seedlings overwinter na asiaha n'oge spring ozugbo snow na-agbaze. Mkpụrụ mgbe okooko, ọ bụla osisi nwere ike na-emepụta ruo 25 puku. N'otu oge ha na-ejigide Germination ruo 8 afọ.

egbu egbu kloovu

The kasị ama osisi nke otu a, bụ a ọka-cockle. Nke a bụ pụtara nkịtị ahihia nwere ogologo taproot. Azuokokoosisi nwere ezu elu (ruo 1 m), nodose, ubé branched. The epupụta ndị dị warara na-egbusi cockle na okooko osisi - otu acha odo odo-acha ọbara ọbara. Green uka nke osisi ọ dịghị ize ndụ ụmụ mmadụ na anụmanụ ahụ ike abụghị. Ozugbo osisi nwere nsi nwa bebi.

nri grasses

Na ịta nri ahịhịa juru na steppes eto a dịgasị iche iche nke ndị nnọchiteanya nke kloovu. Fọrọ nke nta niile ha ike ga-eri site na ehi. Otú ọ dị, onye kasị ukwuu uru dị ka nri osisi ndị ka na Dianthus deltoides na myagkovolosnik mmiri. Nke mbụ bụ a perennial ogwu na ịdị elu na 45 cm na-abụghị ogologo epupụta. Ị ga nke ụdị nwere ike ịbụ nke abụọ iche iche. Netsvetonosnye biri oblistveny. N'otu oge ahụ bụ kwa ogologo, ha na-adịghị na-eto eto. Okooko nwere ike ịbụ nnọọ elu na na elu akụkụ branched na a ndụdụ. Propagated Dianthus deltoides osisi. Ọ na-eto na-emekarị na nkume wastelands, na ahịhịa ogwu, ala ahịhịa juru na ubi.

Myagkovolosnik mmiri - bara uru nri ahihia ezinụlọ Caryophyllaceae - bụ a perennial osisi, nke ịdị elu ya nwere ike 20-70 cm ị ga na ya elu akụkụ na gụwo ntutu, na na ala -. Glabrous. Doo myagkovolosnika ovoid na inflorescences bụ Semiumbels. N'okpuru eke ọnọdụ, a osisi a na-achọta na European akụkụ nke Russia, na Caucasus, Central Asia, na Far East, Siberia.

Nke a n'elu atụmatụ-enye ezinụlọ kloovu-ekpe ha ikpe dị ka ihe bara nnọọ uru maka akụ na ụba mba. N'ezie, nke a na-agụnye tinyere ata, na ọbụna-egbu osisi. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ kloovu nke uru na dị ka ornamental osisi na pụrụ ịghọ ezigbo mma nke ogige, ubi na n'okporo ámá nke obodo, na dị ka ọgwụ na dị ka nri.