St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov: biography, akwụkwọ

Primate nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks ekpe a pụrụ iche akara na omenala na ndụ ime mmụọ nke mba ahụ. Ha na-eme na okwu na-emetụta guzobe nke mmadụ nke ọtụtụ ọgbọ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị pụtara ìhè na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Church - St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov. Ọ hapụrụ a sara ketara: ime mmụọ na nlekota akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ ozi na ama ndị ọkà mmụta okpukpe na statesmen nke oge ya, a otutu na-eso ụzọ.

Family na nke nwata

N'ọdịnihu Bishop nke Caucasus na Black Sea A mụrụ a magburu onwe ezinụlọ ma ama Bryanchaninovs ná mmalite nke February 1807. Na baptism natara aha Dmitry. Tupu ya rutere na ndị ezinụlọ nwụrụ ụmụ abụọ na nne, na-agbalị imeri obi nkoropụ na jupụta okwukwe, gara ebe nsọ gburugburu ezinụlọ ala na ụlọ na ndị Vologda mpaghara. Hot na na-ekpe ekpere nke a nwa na-enweghị a mụrụ, ndị sochiri ọzọ ụmụ ise. Kemgbe ọ bụ nwata, Dmitry bụ a pụrụ iche nwa, hụrụ n'anya nanị, na-agụ họọrọ ụzụ ụmụ egwuregwu. Interest na monasticism kpebisiri n'oge.

Primary agụmakwụkwọ, ụmụaka nile Bryanchaninovs nwetara n'ụlọ. Ma ọ bụ otú ahụ na-ghar na mfe nyeere onye ọ bụla na idebanye aha na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị kasị elu scores. Dị ka nwanne ya nwoke, Peter, ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri emeghị ebelata ikike ya ma ọ bụ tọrọ ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma. Na okpomọkụ nke egwuregwu, a egwuregwu ekekọta ụmụ agha, Dimitri mgbe nile, sị nke nta: "agha, adịghị enye!" Nke a eyịre St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov rụrụ site ndụ ya.

agha mmuta

Mgbe ọ dị afọ 15, nna ya kpebiri iziga Dmitry a agha akwụkwọ. Nke a choro ọnọdụ na ọnọdụ nke ezinụlọ mmadụ. On a njem St. Petersburg, n'ebe nke ọzụzụ, nna rịọrọ nwa ya nwoke, otú ahụ ka ihe dị ya n'obi. Dmitry, mgbe ụfọdụ oge, jụọ nna ya ka ọ ghara iwe iwe mgbe wetara-aza ya, o kwuru na ọ na-ahụ onwe ya a mọnk. Nne na nna na-akwụghị ukwuu anya zaa, na-arụ ụka na nke a bụ a ọkụ ọkụ mkpebi, na anaghị enye ya ihe ọ bụla dị mkpa.

Mpi na Military Engineering School of St. Petersburg bụ nnukwu: aghaghi ime ka a nhọrọ nke iri atọ ụmụ akwụkwọ si, otu narị na iri atọ na-achọ ịbata. Dmitry Bryanchaninov e kuchiri site otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-arụpụta nke ule. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, ndị nkụzi buru amụma ya a na-egbuke egbuke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu. Kinship ezinụlọ na ha onwe ha talent na-enyere ndị na-eto eto na-Brianchaninov tinye edemede mgbede na President nke Academy nke Arts AN Venison. Na a gburugburu nke bohemian, o mere ihe ọ mmata nke Pushkin, Krylov, Batyushkov, na n'oge na-adịghị ọ maara dị ka ihe magburu onwe agụ.

N'oge ya ọmụmụ St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov ịdị uchu mụtara sayensị, bụ ihe kasị mma na ya na klas, ma esịtidem mmasị dina na ubi nke ime mmụọ. N'oge a, akara aka me ka Valaam mọnk na mọnk nke Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Na 1826 ọ gụchara akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na n'usoro nke onyeisi, a aririọ maka arụkwaghịm gbara akwụkwọ ozugbo. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya bụ ịrara ndụ n'ọdịnihu nke monasticism. Nke a gbochie bụghị nanị ikwu, ma isi obodo na akpa patrons. Dmitry Brianchaninov nwere gaa post, ma Jehova nwere ndị ọzọ atụmatụ.

The novice na ebe obibi

N'elu mbata na ebe ọrụ, Dinaburgsky ebe e wusiri ike, ndị na-eto eto agha bụ oké ọrịa. The ọrịa na-adịghị na-agafe, na mgbe a afọ, ọ na ọzọ jụrụ n'ihi orùrù ozi agha, na a oge niile wee na ihu ọma ya. Tọhapụrụ ụwa ọrụ, Dmitry gara okenye Leonid, onye na-arụ ọrụ na-Alexander-Svirsky Obibi, bụ ebe ọ nọ a novice na afọ 20 na afọ. Na njikọ na ọnọdụ nke okenye Leonid anya ọ kwagara akpa ke Ploschansky desat, site n'aka ekpe gaa Optina desert na ya akpali mere novices, gụnyere Bryanchaninov.

Ndụ site na iwu siri ike n'ime Optina metụtara nnọọ ahụ ike nke Dmitry. Ọ na-amanye na-ahapụ, n'ụzọ dina n'ụlọ, ebe ọ bụ ike gaa na-enye nsogbu nne na ya ngwa ngwa arịrịọ. Oge nọrọ na ezinụlọ, adịteghị, na novice gara Kirilo-Novoozersky obibi ndị mọnk. The idụhe fọrọ egbu egbu, Dmitry dara oké ọrịa, na akara aka, dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na-anwale ya ike na ihe ngwọta, nwa okorobịa ahụ laghachi na ndị nne na nna nke mgbidi.

Ebe natara ahụ na-esikwu ike na mmụọ nsọ na natara ngọzi nke bishop nke Vologda, ọdịnihu Bishop Ignatius Bryanchaninov wee Semigorsky novice na desert, na mgbe ahụ kwagara Dionysian-Glushitsky obibi. novitiate oge - otu n'ime ndị kasị sie ike ọnwụnwa, ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri eguzobewo ya mkpebi. N'oge a, o dere mbụ ngwaahịa "Ịkwa ákwá mọnk." June 28, 1831 Vologda Bishop Stephen tonsured na ìhè pụtara mọnk Ignatius, aha e nyere na nsọpụrụ nke senti na martyr Ignatiya Bogonostsa. N'otu afọ novopostrizheny mọnk ọ natara n'usoro nke dikọn, na mgbe ụbọchị ole na ole - nchụàjà.

ọtụtụ ọrụ

The ndụ nke St. Ignatius Brianchaninov jupụtara rụzuru, ihe isi ike ma na-ufiop ọrụ nke mmụọ. N'ịbụ a-eto eto afọ, a họpụtara ya isi nke Pelshemskogo Lopotovo obibi ndị mọnk. Obibi dị njikere iji na-emechi, a oge mgbe Ignatius rutere ebe ọrụ. Ọ na-abụ, ọ bụghị naanị na a na-azụ atụrụ na-ole fraternity, ma a na-ewu ihe. All ọtụtụ ụlọ, streamline ọrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mọnk nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk na ụba na iri atọ mọnk e weghachiri afọ abụọ nke ime ihe siri ike na ebe obibi ndị mọnk.

Obi ike, obere, n'ihi na otú a na-eto eto, amamihe nweela ùgwù n'etiti umu-nne-Rector, nsọpụrụ na-ewere nrubeisi ọbụna ihe site okenye ndị mọnk. Nanso na irè anana-emume ieromanaha Ignatius ahụ n'usoro nke abbot nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk.

The ịga nke ọma ma gbakee ngwa ngwa nke furu efu fọrọ nke nta n'ebe obibi ndị mọnk bụ ihe mbụ ebube. Active ọrụ, ịdị umeala n'obi na ịnọgidesi ike ọbọ ebumnobi kwara ọhụrụ oru: na njedebe nke 1833 na abbot Ignatius e chetara na St. Petersburg, ebe e kenyere ya na mkpọrọ nke Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius desert. N'otu oge ahụ, e buliri elu ahụ n'usoro nke Archimandrite.

Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius desert

Mgbe oge nke doo nke ọhụrụ obibi ndị mọnk, Archimandrite Ignatius iri abụọ na asaa. Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius desert bụ na ogbenye ọnọdụ: na thinning nwanne ya bụ mgbagwoju anya, e nwere a umengwụ, ọrụ e duziri na deviations. Onyinye bụ dilapidated, ọtụtụ dara. Na nke abụọ, St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov ịrụ feats weghachi ime mmụọ na ihe onwunwe ndụ nke ọrụ e nyere ya obibi.

The mbọhọ St. Petersburg na ọtụtụ mmata Rector aka ngwa ngwa idozi elu ụlọ. Ime Mmụọ ndụ jupụtara na were nri direction ekele na-edu ndú nke Ignatius nna. N'ime a obere oge nke ọrụ na Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius desert bụ ihe nlereanya. Akpan akpan anya ugwo na Chants. Ọrụ ha na-elekọta ubi nke ọzụzụ ukwe etinyere P. Turchaninov. Dere Glinka MI, ke akpatre isua aka maka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke chọọchị music na ukpụhọde nke ochie scores, o dere, ọtụtụ ọrụ maka mpaghara ukwe.

Na 1834, St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov natara n'usoro nke Archimandrite, na 1838, ọ ghọrọ onyeisi nke ebe obibi ofụri St. Petersburg diocese. Na 1848, ike gwụrụ nke na-arụ ọrụ ma na ọrịa na ọgụ, Archimandrite Ignatius jụrụ maka ịgba arụkwaghịm ma mmezi na a zoro ezo ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Ma, n'oge a, Jehova nwere ndị ọzọ atụmatụ. Inwe nwetara ezumike ọnwa 11 ogologo, ụkọchukwu ukwu laghachi arụ ọrụ ya.

Ọ bụghị nanị na ndokwa nke ndị mọnk na ndụ nke abbot aku. Ya n'ebe e riveted na nkà mmụta okpukpe akwụkwọ, nnyocha, echiche. N'ime mgbidi nke Atọ n'Ime Otu-Sergius hermitage enwere a ọkà mmụta okpukpe na ihapu otutu okwu - St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov. "Ata onwe ya ahụhụ ahụmahụ" - ya mere na-akpọ otu n'ime ya kasị mma ọrụ, akpa mpịakọta abụọ e dere n'oge a. Mgbe e mechara, ya na pen abịa nkà mmụta okpukpe akwụkwọ na a ghọtakwuo ọtụtụ ajụjụ nke okpukpe, n'ime àgwà nke ndị mọnk na laymen.

Bishọpụ

N'ịchọ ijere Chineke ozi na chọọchị, Ignatius Bryanchaninov sina gụwara ya agụụ inweta nanị. Ma ọ na a họpụtara m ije ozi guzobe nke ndụ ime mmụọ na otu nke kasị sie ike na mpaghara nke Russia. Na 1857 Archimandrite Bryanchaninov bụ Kọkeshịan na Black Sea bishopric. Diocese of management kere afọ anọ. N'ime oge a, e mewo ka a otutu ndutịm ọrụ: na osisi akụkụ e nyere na ụtụ steeti, mụbara na ụgwọ ọnwa nke ndị nchụàjà, kere a mara mma-ekwe ukwe, wuru site bishop ụlọ farmstead, seminarị natara a ọhụrụ ahụ.

Ma ọrịa na-enwe ọganihu, ọ bụ esiwanye ike ije ozi, na bishop ka gbara akwụkwọ ọzọ aririọ-arịọ maka arụkwaghịm na mwepụ na St. Nicholas Obibi Babaev. Nke a na oge E kwetara.

The ikpeazụ ebe mgbaba

Na 1861, St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov esonyere ọtụtụ ụmụ akwụkwọ wee dozie ke a na n'ime ime obodo ebe obibi ndị mọnk. Na mbụ ndụ na ebe obibi ndị mọnk bụ na o siri ike a udo: Nicholas Babaevskaya obibi bụ na doldrums, ọ were a ọtụtụ ọrụ iji weghachi ya. Gara ọtụtụ ugboro ugboro ugboro n'ụzọ na mbụ mmeri: na a obere oge ogige e wuru, e nwere a ugbo, wuru a ọhụrụ ụka na nsọpụrụ nke Iberian Icon nke Nne nke Chineke.

Ebe a wee akpa oké ọrụ nke St. Ignatius Brianchaninov. O degharịrị ya na mbụ dere na malitere ide ọhụrụ. The mbụ na usoro nke kacha mma ọrụ e dere "Otechnik" (posthumous n'akwụkwọ) na "Tribute ka a n'oge a monasticism." Mgbe ndụ nke na-ede akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ e bipụtara, nke o kere atọ akụkụ:

• Ìgwè nke mbụ gụnyere "ata onwe ya ahụhụ omume", 3 mpịakọta;
• Nke abuo: "The ata onwe ya ahụhụ ozizi", 4 nke olu;
• nke-atọ: "Tribute ka dịkọrọ ndụ monasticism," 5 na.

The anọ nke ọrụ bipụtara mgbe a na-eli ndị senti, ọ bụ "Otechnik". Ina n'etiti okpukpe na-ebikwasị ndị mmadụ nnọọ okpukpe akwụkwọ, nke e dere site St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov, "Iji nyere ndị penitent." Arụ ọrụ a, e dere nduzi, na-enye ndụmọdụ bara uru ka ndị na-eso ụzọ nke obi ọkụ ya, ebe nchegharị - na nkume isi nkuku nke okwukwe na akakabarede Chineke. April 30, 1867 biri Ụwa ụzọ nke senti, na nrigo malitere.

canonization

Creation nke St. Ignatius Brianchaninov natara ude ọbụna n'oge ndụ ya, na gaa n'ọbá. Athos nchụàjà, ama n'ihi na ya aka ike ikpe na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi nke okwukwe, mma nabatara ọrụ nke na-ede akwụkwọ. The ndụ nke senti bụ ata onwe ya ahụhụ, n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-arụ ọrụ na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi arụmọrụ. The nkịtị, ụmụnna nwoke na ụmụ akwụkwọ na-eme ememe ịdị ukwuu nke mkpụrụ obi Ignatiya Bryanchaninova, mgbe ọnwụ ya, nwere mmasị ya onye na-adịghị emenyụ emenyụ. The ọrụ nwere ọtụtụ nduzi kpakpando search of ya a kara aka.

N'ikwu na senti mere na 1988. The canonization a na-Obodo Council nke Russian Orthodox Church. Metụ nsọ onwunwe pụrụ Vvedensky Tolga Obibi Yaroslavl diocese. Na-eje ozi Chineke, na-enyere ndị mmadụ n'oge ya ndụ na mgbe ya nwụrụ hụrụ ya aka St. Ignatius Bryanchaninov.

Akwụkwọ: nkà mmụta okpukpe nketa

Edemede na nkà mmụta okpukpe ọrụ nke Saint ọtụtụ on okwu akpọlite ndị a isiokwu. A ọkpụrụkpụ akụkụ nke a buru ibu ozi na ọtụtụ ọzụzụ atụrụ enyi, ndị a ma ama. Nke otu mmasị bụ nkà mmụta okpukpe akwụkwọ ozi na Pheophan recluse nke eneme mụọ ozuzu aturu ime mmụọ okwu. Ke ofụri ofụri, edemede nketa okpukpe na-ezo aka na-esonụ na nkà mmụta okpukpe isiokwu:

• Eschatology.
• Ekklezeologiya.
• Otu onye edemede nke ozizi nke ime mmụọ utọ, nke bụ ịdọ aka ná ntị ndị na-amụ nkà mmụta okpukpe.
• Angelology.
• Apologetics.

A zuru ezu collection of ọrụ nke St. Ignatius Brianchaninov mejupụtara asaa mpịakọta. Ọtụtụ ọgbọ nke ndị mọnk, laymen, akụkọ ihe mere eme na ndị hụrụ akwụkwọ Book of St. Ignatius Brianchaninov aka ịchọta azịza, ka a oke nke n'ihu ụzọ, na-enyere ndị kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi nkwado ime mmụọ.