Structure na ọrụ nke adrenal glands na ahụ mmadụ

The adrenal glands na-paired endocrine glands. Ha na-emi odude na elu akụkụ nke akụrụ na mpaghara nke 11-12 thoracic vertebrae. adrenal ọrụ ahụ mmadụ - emepụta ma hapụ n'ime ọbara nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke dị mkpa homonụ mkpa maka ịnọgide na-enwe kwesịrị ndụ.

Ọdịdị nke ahụ adrenal glands

The ekpe adrenal gland ya onye toro eto bụ mpekere onwa ekara, nri - zita. Ma adrenal glands na-nchọ na a mkpa fibrous Capsule. Na ogologo ha ruru 7 cm n'obosara - 3.5 cm ọkpụrụkpụ abịa 8 mm .. Ha ibu na nkezi bụ banyere '14 Site adrenal pụọ n'ùkwù n'ùkwù nke connective anụ ahụ na akwara na ọbara arịa. Ọbara-aga site na akwara atọ iche iche, na ya outflow-ewe ebe site na etiti na elu elu veins. Ke idem òkè 2 a dịpụrụ adịpụ. The mpụta mejupụtara ndị cortex, na 90% nke ngụkọta arọ nke adrenals. Cortical ebe, n'aka nke ya, na-ekewa 3 zones: glomerular, Doo, ntupu. Ọ emejuputa ndị adrenal glands ịzụlite a steroid, Corticosteroid na mmekọahụ homonụ. Inside ahụ jupụtara medulla na nwere ọtụtụ akwara mkpụrụ ndụ. Ndabere nke otu bekee mejupụtara chromaffin mkpụrụ ndụ. Ndị a na mkpụrụ ndụ na-ekwe ka mmejuputa iwu nke adrenal ọrụ na mmepe nke catecholamine homonụ: dopamine, nọrepinefrini na epinephrine.

Adrenal uru maka metabolism n'ime ahụ mmadụ

The adrenal glands secrete a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke homonụ na-achịkwa metabolic n'ibu. Ka ihe atụ, glucocorticoid homonụ eme ka carbohydrate metabolism ke idem. Na ha overabundance nwere ike ịzụlite arịa ọrịa shuga. Ọfọn usoro na disintegration adipose anụ ahụ. The homonụ na-emepụta site na adrenal glands selata na ebe nke ya ego.

Adrenal ọrụ ụkpụrụ nke mmiri nnu itule

Ekele ndị a glands na-emepụta akara nke mmiri njigide na ahu na mmejuputa ịnweta metabolism. Usoro a nwere njikọ chiri anya na-arụ ọrụ nke akụrụ na bekee na-synthesized na ha. Ọ bụla na-enwe nsogbu nke usoro ihe a na-fraught na ngafe ọmụmụ ìgwè, elu ọbara mgbali, na akụrụ odida.

Adrenal ọrụ na mmepụta nke mmekọahụ homonụ

Na cortex, atụle paired glands ii androgens na estrogens - nwoke na nwaanyị mmekọahụ homonụ. Ha na-emetụta omumu ọrụ, dị ka nke ọma dị mkpa n'ihi na e guzobere abụọ mmekọahụ mara. Ka ihe atụ, androgens emetụta uto nke ntutu isi na ịnọgide na-enwe ọrụ nke sebaceous glands ke idem.

Human adrenal ọrụ ahụ mmegharị nrụgide ọnọdụ

Ọrụ ndị a na-ịzụlite kpọmkwem neurotransmitters (epinephrine, nọrepinefrini) na-emetụta ọrụ nke ọmịiko ụjọ usoro, na-ekere òkè na-arụ pulses. Si otú data homonụ eme ka nhazigharị nke ahụ na-enwe nchegbu. Ha dịkwuo obi ọnụego na ọbara mgbali, na-abawanye sweating, belata motility nke eriri afọ tract, akpali bronchodilation.