Supersonic Intercontinental bombu T 4MS ( "ngwaahịa 200"): isi e ji mara

Projects na okpu-adị, ma esịne ke akụkọ ... Olee otú ọtụtụ n'ime ha, deservedly echefu na bụghị nke ukwuu. One dị otú ahụ oru ngo - a usoro Intercontinental supersonic bombu-agha development imewe Bureau edu Sukhoi.

Ndabere nke

Dị ka na-eme, ọ dị mkpa ka a usoro ikuku ike, nke esesịn kpatara na n'oge gara aga, ndị agha akpọlitekwa na 1967, mgbe a na mkpebi guzosie ike a ogologo oge manned usoro ugbo elu (Advanced manned Strategic Aircraft) e mere na United States. Na AMSA oru ngo malitere e kere eke nke ama B-1, elu-elu-emeri otu bombu miri mbuso agha.
Na na January 1969 site ka nke ozi nke ụgbọelu ụlọ ọrụ malitere a zoo n'agbata imewe bureaus VM Myasishcheva, A. N. Tupoleva na Sukhoi. Dị na nke a iji, ụlọ ọrụ mkpa ka o duzie research nke usoro sọrọ-mode ugbo elu, ike a propulsion usoro, agha ngwá agha na onboard usoro. Naanị ihe e kere eke nke radio-electronic mgbagwoju e ndinọ site Ministry of electronic ụlọ ọrụ. Ya iji wee na opupu ihe ubi nke otu afọ.

mbụ data

Government iwu ke mbubreyo n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1967 mata àgwà nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ugbo elu.

O kwesịrị nwere na akpa ebe ahụkebe ụgbọ elu e ji mara.

N'ebe ịdị elu nke 1.8 km e debere ọsọ 3,2-3,5 puku. Km / h. Ọ na-ghọtara na ndị dị otú ahụ a oge na na subsonic gbapụrụ ọsọ nso n'ala ụgbọelu ga-ofufe dịkarịa ala 11-13 puku kilomita, ma na elu-elu ọsọ mgbe subsonic ụgbọ elu nso kwesịrị 16-18 puku km.

Ọ e nyere na ọrụ ma na mejupụtara nke ngwá agha. Ọ ga-ekewet nke mbughari na svobodnopadayuschih ma gbazie bombs ụdị na-aga, na airborne akụ ụta, hypersonic anọ X-45 "Lightning", na ka 24 aerobalisticheskih X-2000. M jụrụ na ngụkọta uka nke ngwá agha - 45 tọn.

Malite nke development

OKB Sukhoi P. O. kemgbe 1961, nakwa na a mpi ndabere, aku na mmepe nke a supersonic bombu-agha T-4, maka uka nke 100t natara abụọ aha "ịkpa ákwà". O nwere ike iru a ọsọ nke 3,000 km / h, iji merie thermal mgbochi, na Ya mere nwere n'ụzọ mma aerodynamics. N'ihi na ọ pụrụ iche rọketi "ikuku-ala", propulsion na akụrụngwa. Kwadoo bụ naanị iri atọ atọ draft nke ọhụrụ ugbo elu.

Na ya isi, na mepụtara a ọhụrụ usoro sọrọ-mode ugboelu T-4MS na ichebe kacha continuity na mbụ nlereanya. The ọhụrụ imewe na-anọ: ike osisi, ugbua mụtachara ihe ọhụrụ, nke na-ahụkarị imewe na nkà na ụzụ ngwọta mepụtara na gafere ule na-osisi na usoro na ngwá, ma nke ahụ ga-mkpa na usoro nke uka mmepụta, n'efu Filiks. Ọbụna cipher igwe natara site ntụnyere na "ịkpa ákwà". Ya takeoff ibu maka mgbawa nke na-emepụta bịakwutere abụọ na narị abụọ tọn, ya mere bịara mara dị ka T-4MS ụgbọelu - "isiokwu 200".

ọhụrụ Solutions

Ewoo, anyị apụghị ime eme dị otú ahụ a ebube echiche. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-azọpụta ndị layout atụmatụ, na size na arọ nke ọhụrụ ngwaahịa ụba sharply, ma mkpokọta olu nke ogwe aka post ma okpu.

Ya mere, Sukhoi Design Bureau PO ọkachamara na-elekwasị anya na mmepe nke ọhụrụ layout atụmatụ, nke ga-ekwenyere ndị kasị elu na o kwere omume olu na di ntakiri n'elu sara site na inye ulo dị mkpa na ngwá agha na ibu ogige. Na nke a, imewe kwesịrị ka uko ụgbọelu nwere ike ofufe nso n'ala na elu gbapụrụ ọsọ.

Ọzọkwa, ọ e kpebiri ewepu si ike circuit ugbo elu propulsion. Na nke a, e nwere ohere ike ọhụrụ na nsụgharị nke ọzọ engines. The ọhụrụ ndokwa iji chebe ekwe omume nke na-aga n'ihu mma nke ụgbọ elu e ji mara na oru nkọwa nke ọhụrụ ngwaahịa.

Na-arụ ọrụ, na mmebe na kere aerodynamic nhazi, na ike circuit nke rụrụ ụdị "na-efe efe nku" swivel obere ebe console (dịtụ obere, N'ezie) na ụgbọ elu na ike ịgbanwe zaa.

layout bombu

Isi ọhụrụ layout nke ugbo elu T-4MS, kwetara na njedebe nke oge okpomọkụ nke afọ 1970, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ndabere maka mmepe nke mbido imewe.

Ụdị nke ndokwa a na-fụọ ifufe tunnels na egosiwo ahụkebe pụta na subsonic ụgbọ elu gbapụrụ ọsọ, na na supersonic ọsọ.

N'ihi na obere nke ebe pivot na ogwe aka na isiike ụgbọelu ahụ nke center okụrede agbanwe deformation nke nku mgbe na-efe efe na ala.

Na nke a na-pivot ogwe aka iza e iche iche ke nso site na 30 Celsius 72 Celsius.

Chioma bụ undoubted, ma na-esote afọ e tinyeworo finalizing nke mbido imewe.

Iche iche ọkpụrụkpụ na udi nke airfoil, ka n'ihu melite aerodynamic arụmọrụ. Ngwa nke supercritical profaịlụ ga-amụba subsonic nrughari ọsọ. Research E duziri dị ka nku bevels nwere ike imetụta ọrụ nke ike osisi na vetikal stabilizer. Ọrụ ahụ nọgidere na nhọrọ nke nku udi, iji melite kwụsie ike na controllability nke ụgbọ ala.

Ahọrọ ndị ezigbo bughi na airframe ike circuit aka na mmetụta uka mmanụ ụgbọala.

Arụ ọrụ na chinchi

All nmepe nwalere n'ime ifufe tunnels TsAGI. N'ihi ya, ndị ọkachamara na-kpebisiri ike na ugbo elu merụsịrị eguzozie, e nwere ọgba aghara nke na-erughị 5%. E kpebiri mechaa ndị ọzọ layout.

N'ihi ya, na embodiments, na T-4MS pụtara kwụ ọdụ na a ogologo imi. Na otu version, imi, na ihe niile nwere a agịga-dị ka udi. Ma, ọ e kuchiri na n'ihu ịzụlite ná ndokwa nke imi e dịtụ akp, ma e wezụga ya si ebu fuselage ndị kwesiri ngosi naanị nacelles, vetikal ọdụ abụọ keels, rotary nku panel. Akpan akpan anya ugwo nsogbu nke mbenata ọhụhụ na Rada nke onye iro.

Description bombu T-4MS

The ụgbọelu na-ejikwara site a-arụ ọrụ nke atọ ndị mmadụ, nke e debere na slabovystupayuschem ejegharị. N'otu oge ahụ na ọchịagha nke ụgbọ mmiri, ndị pilot na ụgbọ mmiri-ahụ maka ọrụ nwere na-efegharị na ohere suut, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ulo nke abụọ compartments e anọkwasị. The n'ihu ogige na-zubere maka akwọ, na n'azụ - na ụgbọ mmiri. Ebe ọ bụ na oriọna na o siri ike sikwa, mma ọhụhụ n'oge takeoff na ọdịda na-enye pụrụ iche na-eke n'úkwù.

Ejection oche-enye mma mberede esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile nke ụgbọelu na niile karị na gbapụrụ ọsọ, gụnyere ọdịda na takeoff.

Kọmputa akụrụngwa na osisi gụnyere igodo, ụgbọ elu na usoro, nkwurịta okwu na usoro na-azara ọnụ, Mgbakọ, agbachitere sighting usoro, ozuzu systems na agha nduzi.

N'ozuzu akụkụ nke airship, nke a kọwara dị ka supersonic Intercontinental bombu, ndị dị ka ndị a:

- ogologo - 41,2 m;

- elu - 8 m;

- center-adịru - 14.4 m;

- wingspan na zaa n'akuku 30 Celsius - 40,8 m;

- ebe nke nku na n'akuku nke zaa nke 30 Celsius - 97,5kv.m.

The atụmatụ na-ahụ-anya arọ bụ 170 tọn.

Powerplant bombu

Na ọdụ ngalaba, na abụọ nacelles spaced iche, mere ndokwa na abụọ anọ DTRD NK-101. Were-apụ nzube nke ọ bụla n'ime ha bụ 20,000 n'arọ. Ọ na-e chere na engines ga-ikpokọta uru nke turbofan engine na nrughari ụgbọ elu na subsonic gbapụrụ ọsọ na n'oge osooso nke ugboelu na ụgbọ elu na na supersonic ọsọ.

Gondola nwere na onye ọ bụla moto iche site na a nkebi ụgbọelu mgbanwe ikuku intakes echebe site icing na ingress nke ndị mba ọzọ ihe.

Ọzọkwa engines, esịnede powerplant usoro e refueling ugbo elu na ala na na ikuku, engine ike, na mberede orùrù nke manu pressurization, jụrụ emenyụ.

Main mmanụ ụgbọala tankị emi odude ke compartments nke center.

Atụmatụ na ụgbọ elu data

The ụgbọelu e mere ka ofufe na nnọọ anya. Dị ka mgbawa, o nwere ike na-enweghị ke-elu refueling ofufe na nkịtị ọgụ ibu nke 9 t na a cruising ọsọ nke 900 km / h (subsonic) 14 000 km na 3000 km / h (supersonic) - 9000 km.

Mgbe elu nke a bombu nwere ike ofufe na a ọsọ nke 3.2 puku km / h na oké osimiri - 1.1 puku km / h ..

Na nke a, na kacha elu na nke ugbo elu nwere ike ịrị mgbawa bụ 24,000 m.

Dị otú ahụ na a nnukwu uka nke a na-agba ọsọ ogologo nke 100 m, na ụzọ ogologo mgbe touchdown - 950 m.

The mgwo agha na osisi

Gbakọọ bọmbụ ibu bụ 9 m na-achịkwa svobodnopadayuschih bombs.

Na-ekwe nkwa okpuru mmiri T-4MS aghaghị iburu abụọ anọ mmiri mmiri ogologo nso agba X-45 "Lightning", nke na-kpọmkwem haziri maka oru ngo T-4, na usoro nduzi ARLGSN na cumulative elu-agbawa agbawa warhead. Ha na ya bụ radome. Agha ogologo banyere 10 m, na-amalite ibu - 5 m, na payload 0.5T. Bu n'obi nso nke 1.5 puku km, na ụgbọ elu na-agba nke ruo 9000 km / h.

Ọzọkwa na ụgbọelu nke na ogwe aka bụ 24 Kh-2000 ins usoro nduzi, na a nso nke 300 km, na ụgbọ elu na-agba nke banyere 2 M, na-amalite ibu ibu nke 1 ton.

Dị iche iche nke ngwá agha, Tammy, bombs, mines na torpedoes, disposable cassette bọmbụ, e debere na abụọ n'ime compartments onwem na ventilashion na thermal nchedo, njem na mkpofu na usoro.

Results nke zoo

The mpi na-adade, ma e wezụga ụmụ Sukhoi supersonic bombu Tu-160M development OKB A. N. Tupoleva na M-20 si VM Myasishcheva.
The Ọrụ ọnọde MAP na nkà mmụta sayensị na oru ndụmọdụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1972.
Tu-160 agha mbụ jụrụ n'ihi na nke ukwuu myirịta na njem ụgbọelu. M-20-afọ ndị agha, ma ọhụrụ kere Bureau enweghị mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ maka uka mmepụta nke ígwè.

T-4MS dọtara general ntị ma na e weere ndị kasị mma, ma ... N'otu oge, ndị Design Bureau n'okpuru nlekọta nke P. Sukhoi ike ọhụrụ fighter, nke e wepụtara n'okpuru nọmba Su-27, bụ ọrụ na ihe e kere eke nke mgbanwe nke ẹdude Su-24 na Su-17M. The Ministry of Aviation Industry chere na-arụ ọrụ n'ime "ìhè" ụgbọelu dị mkpa, na abụọ iche iche ntụziaka KB nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ.

N'ihi ya, ọ dabara na na mpi merie ngo Sukhoi PO, na n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ e rụrụ Tupolev Design Bureau. Na ọchịagha nke Air Force P. S. Kutahov nyere na ihe nile rue Tupolev, ma ha jụrụ wee ka mma ya development.

Ya mere, ọrụ ke Air Force ụgbọelu bụ banyere otu payload na nso na subsonic gbapụrụ ọsọ, ma na ụgbọ elu uka ukwuu karịa 35%, na-erughị ọkara nso nke ụgbọ elu sverhzuke karịa ga-abụ ma ọ bụrụ na oru ngo ga-anabata P. About . kpọrọ nkụ.

Ozugbo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke mpi ndị discontinued ọrụ ngo T 4MS. The ụgbọelu na-ahụ na mbara igwe, ma echiche na-mụrụ n'oge ya mmepe, ọ na-gụnyere otu Tu-160 na Su-27 na mig-29.Mozhet enwe, na ọbụna ịsụgharị n'ime ụgbọelu na narị afọ a.