The si malite na ihe ndị mere eme ski

Ski malitere na Scandinavia na Middle Ages. Ọbụna na ndia na 1700 na-akọwa agbụrụ na igwe skii outdid ibe mgbe wagering. Ndị a bụ ndị eleghị anya mbụ mpi.

Eze, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ski malitere na Defense Ministry of Norway. Egwuregwu onwunwe igwe skii ume Isonye na skai iche iche. Hans Emahuzenom na 1733, e bipụtara ntụziaka mbụ maka agha na skai ọzụzụ na a egwuregwu echiche ọjọọ. Bụ ndị mbụ iwu nke skai asọmpi, nke ẹkenịmde ke 1767 maka dị iche iche nke nzute na nke ugbu a slalom, biathlon, ski na downhill. Top na-eme egwuregwu e ọdịda. Iji na-akwalite cross-mba ski na Oslo na 1814, anyị na-enwe a egwuregwu na agha review nke mba ndị nkịtị.

The ọgaranya akụkọ ihe mere nke ski, malite na Norway, natara a ngwa mmepe na niile isi mba nke ụwa. Mgbe ahazi na 1877 mbụ Norwegian skai sports otu ihe karịrị afọ 20 n'ụwa nile na-enwe yiri egwuregwu klọb. The ahụmahụ mbụ we Finland, na 1883 - Hungary, 1891 - Austria na Switzerland na 1803 - Germany na Italy, na 1895 - Sweden na Russia, na 1900 - na United States na Bulgaria, na 1902 g - England, na 1912 - Japan.

Buru ibu onyinye ski mere Arctic nchọpụta: .. Adolf Nordenskiöld na 1883-1884 biennium, Fridtjof Nansen n'oge Transition ka Ski gafee Greenland na 1889, Roald Amundsen na 1910-1911, na iledo na South osisi, ebe ndị sonyere ndị karịa 2,800 kilomita na igwe skii. Ke mbubreyo XIX - n'oge XX ọtụtụ narị afọ. mpi malitere mgbe nile rụrụ na niile bụ isi mba nke ụwa. Otú ọ dị, ntụziaka nke mmepe nke umu ke mba dị iche iche dị iche. Norway ghọrọ usoro mmali, ọduọ cross-mba na biathlon. Na Finland, ọganihu e ski n'Ọzara. Mountain echiche na-ewu ewu na Alpine mba. Na US, mmepe nke egwuregwu iche iche na-enwe mmetụta na Scandinavian biri. Ski ebe, n'okpuru nduzi nke na-azụ site na Austria, e ski na Japan.

New push akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ski nweela mgbe International Ski Congress, na òkè nke mba 10 na 1910, na Oslo. Guzosie Ike ebe a International Ski Commission e reorganized na 1924 na International Ski Federation (FIS) anọwo na-eduzi ndị World skai mpi, gụnyere ihe nile di iche iche. Na 1924, mbụ Winter Olympic Games ke 1926 - World Championship, na na 1928 - na Universiade.

Mmepe nke ski na Russia

Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ski malitere na mbubreyo XIX narị afọ. Russian na-eme egwuregwu ahụ ruo ogologo oge dị ka ihe ọma dị ka ndị mba ọzọ, n'ihi na mmepe bụ ngwa ngwa, skai ihe omume ndị kasị atọ ụtọ. The mbụ mpi wee ebe February 13 1894 na St. Petersburg. The Moscow club skiers (MCL) pụtara na 1894 na afọ mbụ bụ nanị 36 òtù. Ski ekpe kwalitere ha ahuhu na Moscow na obodo ndị ọzọ, na-adọta ka ya n'ohu ọhụrụ n'ọrụ òtù. Club "Polar Star" na St. Petersburg bụ esote iru ha.

N'ihi na elu na-eri nke egwuregwu na ngwa ọnụ ụzọ ahụ pụta na skai club bụ dịghịzi adị. N'agbanyeghị ihe e kere eke nke ọhụrụ skai klọb na St. Petersburg, Moscow, Ryazan, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Smolensk, Tula na obodo ndị ọzọ ná mmalite nke XX narị afọ. ski apụghị obosara nkesa na Russia. Nanị mgbe oruru na 1910 nke Moscow otu lyzhebezhtsev (MLL), nke na-eweta ọnụ 10 klọb ozugbo, n'oge na-adịghị oruru nke All-Russian Union of skiers mụbara ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe, na ohere-ngalaba-ordinate ije nke skai mba.

Ka ụbọchị, ọnọdụ ski Russia bụ radically dị iche iche. Ọ nwere ike n'enweghị ekewet uka egwuregwu, karịsịa skai ebe. Anyị na-eme egwuregwu na-na-ifịk akụkụ niile bụ isi asọmpi, na na a par na ndị ndú mpi maka nrite ọlaedo.

E ji mara ụdị ski

Na ski gụnyere downhill ski, cross-mba ski na anya nke dị iche iche ogologo, na-apụnara (agbụrụ na jumping) jumping. Conventionally iche iche nke asọmpi na cross-mba ski nwere ike kewara ugwu umu, n'elu ugwu na umu, freestyle na snowboarding.

Northern umu iso nke cross-mba ski, skai jumping, orienteering, skai biathlon ma ọ bụ Nordic jikọrọ. Alpine umu - na niile bụ nke na-eme ski: slalom, ibu slalom, downhill, Super Giant Slalom, Alpine ski jikọtara. A na-akpọ freestyle downhill mkpọda na iji ọcha tumbling na balet ski. Snowboard - a ụmụ na a pụrụ iche osisi.

E nwekwara ndị dị otú ahụ di iche iche nke ski ka biathlon, skitour, skai tours, skai orienteering, skai ugwu. Ski n'ụzọ iche iche ma ọgaranya dị iche iche ụdị. Onye ọ bụla ga-enwe ike ịhọrọ onwe ha ziri ezi ga-egboro ha mkpa ha na nkà. Ke adianade do, ọ bụ a egwuregwu na-ewusi ike na-eweta a otutu fun.