Writer Lion Feuchtwanger: A Biography, creativity

Lion Feuchtwanger a na-ewere na nchoputa nke a ọhụrụ edemede ije na akụkọ ihe mere eme Romance philology. N'ọrụ ya, nwere reflections na akara aka nke ndi mmadu na dị iche iche nkebi nke mmepe ike deere n'ụzọ doro anya na ya yiri na ihe ndị na-ewere ọnọdụ na ụwa nke oge a. Ọ dịghị obere na-akpali bụ biography nke onye dere, nke bụ ugbu ke ọrụ agha, na "akwụkwọ autos" na mkpọrọ na n'ogige ịta ahụhụ, na ndị ọzọ.

mmalite afọ

Lion Feuchtwanger a mụrụ July 7, 1884 na German obodo nke Munich, nwa a bara ọgaranya industrialist Sigmund Feuchtwanger na Johanna Bodenheimer, na nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ itoolu. Nna ya na nne bu Orthodox Juu, na a nwata a na-eto eto afọ bụ na-omimi ọmụma nke okpukpe na omenala nke ndị ya. Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ, Lion Feuchtwanger banyere University of Munich, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na ubi nke "akwụkwọ" na "nkà ihe ọmụma". Ọ mgbe kwagara Berlin na-a N'ezie nke German philology na Sanskrit.

Na 1907, Lion Feuchtwanger natara a PhD na a tesis raara nye ngwaahịa nke Genriha Geyne "Baharahsky rabaị."

Early ọrụ

N'afọ 1908, Feuchtwanger tọrọ ntọala omenala magazine "Mirror". Nke a mbipụta nwere a obere ndụ na mgbe ntọhapụ nke 15 ụlọ nke kwụsịrị ịdị adị n'ihi nsogbu ego.

Na 1912, ọdịnihu ama edemede nwunye na nwa nwaanyị nke a bara ọgaranya Jewish ahịa Martha Leffler. Na ọ gaghị ekwe omume ka zoo n'ụbọchị agbamakwụkwọ si ọbịa na-alụ ọhụrụ bụ ime. A ọnwa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị na March mụrụ a nwanyị, onye nwụrụ obere oge mgbe amuchara nwa.

Na November 1914, Feuchtwanger akpọ elu dị ka a reservist. Otú ọ dị, ọ anya tụgharịa si na ọ bụghị ihe niile ziri ezi na ahụ ike, na ndị dere ya bụ idobere. Mgbe agha, o zutere Brecht, na onye ọ gburu a enyi kere ruo ọnwụ ya Feuchtwanger.

Biography ruo 1933

Lion Feuchtwanger bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-na-achọpụta ihe ize ndụ site National Socialism. Back ke 1920 enye ama a satirical ụzọ ọkọnọ a ọhụụ nke na-awagharị awagharị Jew, nke na-akọwa mgbochi Semitism. Ke adianade do, o nyere a kpọmkwem nkọwa nke "aja aja Munich" na nchụàjà "Ịga nke Ọma," nke na protagonist Rupert Kuttsnera n'ụzọ doro anya esoro atụmatụ Adolf Hitler.

Mgbe ụfọdụ ọrụ nke Feuchtwanger e bipụtara na mpụga nke Germany, ọ na-ewu nnọọ ewu na ọtụtụ mba Europe. N'ihi ya, a kpọrọ ọtụtụ mahadum napụta okwu.

Na November 1932, ọ bụ na London. N'ebe ahụ, ọ ga-anọ a ọnwa ole na ole, na-agakwuru ndị USA, ebe o na-aga na ihe nkuzi. N'ihi ya, n'oge nke na-abịa ike nke ndị Nazi Lion Feuchtwanger bụ n'èzí Germany. Ebe gee ntị nke enyi, onye dere kpebiri dozie ke French obodo nke Sanary-sur-Mer, bụ ebe e nwere obere ógbè nke German kwabatara ndị gbagara n'ihi mkpagbu maka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ma ọ bụ agbụrụ ihe. Ebe ọ bụ na English-asụsụ nsụgharị nke Feuchtwanger akwụkwọ e bipụtara na nnukwu mbipụta, o duuru a ndụ ntụsara ya na nwunye ya Martha, bụ onye ya kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi nnyemaaka n'ihe niile.

Biography Feuchtwanger tupu Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ

Ka ọ dịgodị, na Germany Feuchtwanger aha pụtara na ndepụta dere onye akwụkwọ ọkụ, ọ na-yipụ ya ụmụ amaala na ya onwunwe bukọọrọ.

Iro National Socialism bụ ihe mere maka mmasị nke onye dere na Soviet Union. Stalinist nduhie nwere ike ọ bụghị uche dị otú ahụ a ohere na kpọrọ Feuchtwanger obia na Moscow, nakwa dị ka ịgagharị na mba iji hụ na ha onwe ha anya ihe ọganihu mere ka ụwa mbụ "obodo nke ndị ọrụ na nkịtị." Dị ka akụkụ nke nleta USSR dere ọbụna gbara ajụjụ ọnụ ndị ndú nke ndị mmadụ.

Alaghachi France, Lyon Feuchtwanger, onye akwụkwọ na Soviet Union malitere ozugbo na-ebipụta ọtụtụ nde, bipụtara N'ajụjụ ọnụ Stalin. Ke adianade do, o dere akwụkwọ "Moscow. 1937 ", nke na-akọrọ European na-agụ akwụkwọ ya na ọhụụ nke ndụ na USSR. On ya peeji nke ahụ, ọ na mgbe niile na-eme ka tụnyere ihe e gosiri ya, na ọnọdụ na Germany. Na nke a tụnyere, n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ ya mesịrị bụrụ bụghị na ihu ọma nke ikpeazụ.

mgbapụ

Na 1940, ndị agha Germany gaa ije n'ime France. Lion Feuchtwanger dị ka onye bụbu German nwa amaala a tụrụ mkpọrọ na a French mara ụlọikwuu na obodo nke Le Mill. Dị ka ịga nke ọma nke Wehrmacht Army bịara doo anya na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị mkpọrọ ahụ na-eche ihu ọnwụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ha nọ nwere n'ókèala. Mgbe ahụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nọ na-agafere a mara ụlọikwuu na nso Nîmes. E Lion Feuchtwanger na nwunye ya nyeere mkpara nke American Embassy. Ha nwetara ha ụgha akwụkwọ na, nwogharia dị ka a nwaanyị dere, si n'ala. Na nke a, Lyons na nwunye ya na-aga site ọtụtụ ahụmahụ, dị ka ha na akpa maka a ogologo oge na-ezo na Marseilles, na mgbe ahụ na-amanye Wade site Spain na Portugal.

Life na USA

Na 1943, Lion Feuchtwanger, onye akwụkwọ ndị ewu ewu nnọọ na United States, biri na a Amọraịt "Aurora" na California. E nwere, ọ rụsiri ọrụ ike na-kere ya kasị akpali ọrụ. Ke adianade do, n'ihi na nnukwu ụgwọ ugwo nkwusa na nka, nke ya akwụkwọ akụkọ nwetara n'ihi na ihuenyo, Feuchtwanger anakọtara dara oké ọnụ n'ọbá akwụkwọ esịnede karịa 20 000 mpịakọta.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị Nazi asị onye dere agbụrụ ihe mere, ndị agha US e-enyo enyo nke Communist sympathies. N'oge a, otu ugboro ọzọ pụta dị ka a predictor nke ike Feuchtwanger, ebe ogologo oge tupu mmalite nke a "amoosu ichu nta", o dere, nke play "Mgbaghoju anya nke uche, ma ọ bụ The Devil na Boston," nke kwuru okwu megide agha nzuzo na ụzọ nke-ebu ya.

The ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na onye dere Lion Feuchtwanger agaghị laghachi Germany, n'ihi na nke mgbochi onye fasizim echiche, ọ bụ nnọọ ewu ewu na GDR. Na 1953 ọ nọ na ọbụna ọdịda nke mbụ na-agbata n'ọsọ nke mba a na ubi nke akwụkwọ.

Na 1957, onye dere a chọpụtara na afo cancer. Site Feuchtwanger ọgwụgwọ dọtara kacha mma dọkịta nke oge, nke mere ka ya a ole na ole Ịwa ahụ. Mgbalị iji nagide ọrịa ndidi ọma, na onye dere nwụrụ na 1958 site na ọbara ọgbụgba.

tupu agha ọrụ

Ná mmalite afọ nke ya odide ọrụ Lion Feuchtwanger kere a ọtụtụ nke ejije, nke o enyocha dị ka kama mediocre. Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ya publicist mmasị ide isiokwu na reviews, ikwe ka ọ bụrụ site ná mpụga anya na ọrụ nke ya. Na otu oge Feuchtwanger mbụ chere banyere ekwe omume nke na-eke a ezi uche akụkọ ihe mere eme akwụkwọ na ọrụ ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ Mann ụmụnna.

Na nke a, ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ nke dị iche iche epochs, ha dị n'otu echiche nke ugbu site prism nke akụkọ ntolite. N'otu oge ngwaahịa Lion Feuchtwanger, dere mgbe Agha Ụwa m na Bavarian mgbanwe, na-efunahụ nke aestheticism na nso ka nsiridi. Ha na-egosipụta ọdachi nke ụmụ mmadụ bụ àgwà a-eme ihe ike ọha mmadụ. Karịsịa, a nke a raara nye mbụ akwụkwọ, Lion Feuchtwanger onye dere, sị - "jọrọ njọ Duchess."

The ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ nke onye dere ghọrọ nchụàjà "The Jew Suess", nke a raara nye ihe ndị na-ewere ọnọdụ na Germany, narị afọ nke 18. O we kuru ya n'ụwa nile ama, ma n'otu oge ọ nọ na-ebo ebubo nke mgbochi-Semitism na n'otu oge ahụ na ndị Juu ahụ mba. Ma naanị akwalitewo mmasị nke onye dere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị ya. N'ihi bụ a trilogy nke Josephus, nke e bipụtara na ọtụtụ mba.

Ezi na ọchịchọ ya na-egbukepụ modernity, pushing ya na oge, mgbe a manyere njem na France, onye dere kere a nchụàjà "enwēusòro-Nero", onye bụ isi sekpụ nke ọtụtụ ndị amụtala na Onye Ndú.

Creativity na post-agha afọ

Mgbe na-akwaga ebe ka US dere M wee na a ọtụtụ na-arụ ọrụ ifịk ifịk. Karịsịa, nchụàjà pụtara na 1947, "Nkịta ọhịa na ubi-vine." Lion Feuchtwanger kọwara ya na ihe ndị na-ewere ọnọdụ "n'azụ Mpaghara" nke War nke Onwe. Ọ bụ ya mbụ post-agha ọrụ nke ọtụtụ hụrụ Yiri na nzukọ nke ibinye-mgbazinye.

4 afọ mgbe e mesịrị onye dere ya na e dere ya kasị ama ọrụ - "Goya ma ọ bụ na Ike Way to Enlightenment." Lion Feuchtwanger kọwara ya ndụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ama Spanish artist. The akwụkwọ bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma zuru ụwa ọnụ na ugboro ugboro filmed.

Ọbụna afọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ na-ama oké ọrịa Feuchtwanger wee na-ike. Malite n'ụtụtụ ruo anyasị ọ tụziri ka a stenographer "Spanish ballad" Ịhụnanya Eze nke Spain Alfonso asatọ na commoner Fermoze.