Yakov Yurovsky: biography, photos, ụmụ, ebe ọ na-eli

Yakov Yurovsky, onye biography ga-isiokwu nke anyị taa isiokwu, bụ a Russian revolutionary, Soviet steti na party ndú, nche. Ọ na chịkwara ogbugbu nke Nicholas II, akpatre Russian eze ukwu na ezinụlọ ya.

mmalite afọ

Yakov Mihaylovich Yurovsky (ezigbo aha ya na patronymic - Yankel Haimovich) A mụrụ 7 (19) na June 1878 na Kainskaya Tomsk ógbè (Kuibyshev kemgbe 1935). Ọ bụ nke asatọ nke ụmụ ya iri, na toro na a ọtụtụ ndị Juu na-arụ ọrụ na klas ezinụlọ.

Nne-ya bu a seamstress, nna ya - a glazier. Yakov bụ na akwụkwọ elementrị na district nke osimiri ahụ, ma malite ịmụta craft kemgbe 1890. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-amụ ọrụ n'aka na Tomsk, Tobolsk, Feodosia, Ekaterinodar, Batumi.

The mmalite nke amamihe na-eme

N'ihi na amamihe ọrụ Yakov Yurovsky (nọchiri n'okpuru) so na-Tomsk ke 1905. E nwere ụfọdụ dị ihe na mbụ o wee akụkụ ke ọgụ òtù nke Bund, na mgbe ahụ, dị ka ezigbo enyi ya Sverdlov sonyeere Bolsheviks.

Yurovsky ekesa Marxist akwụkwọ, nakwa dị ka ihe na nzuzo ígwè obibi akwụkwọ ama okpu, a manyere ịhapụ Russia ma biri na Berlin, ebe ọ gara Lutheran, ya na ezinụlọ ya dum (ụmụ atọ na nwunye ya, Maria Yakovlevna).

Homecoming

Na 1912, Jacob iwu na-akwadoghị laghachi Russia, ma ọ na-esoro ala na jidere mmadụ ndị uwe ojii nzuzo. Yurovsky maka "na-emerụ ihe omume" a chụpụrụ Tomsk, ma ọ na-ekwe ka na-ahọrọ a ebe obibi. N'ihi ya, ọ hụrụ onwe ya Yekaterinburg.

Na Urals obodo nke Yakov Yurovsky hour na meghere a na-ebipụta shop, na, dị ka ya onwe-akọwa ya dị ka "carped Gendarmerie", na-amanye ndị mkpọrọ na-photos na-enyo anyị enyo mmadụ. Ma n'otu oge ya ụlọ ahịa bụ laabu n'ihi na mmepụta nke akwụkwọ ikike ngafe maka Bolsheviks.

Yurovsky na 1916 a na-akpọ na-eje ozi dị ka dọkịta na nnyemaaka ke a n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị n'ógbè. Ya mere, ọ ghọrọ onye agha na-arụsi ọrụ ike uka agitator. Mgbe ndị February mgbanwe nke Jacob rere ebipụta shop na ndokwa ego o Bolshevik ebi akwụkwọ ụlọ na-akpọ "Ural ọrụ". Jurowski ghọrọ a ma ama Bolshevik, a so na Council of agha 'na-arụ Ọrụ, otu n'ime ndị ndú nke mgbanwe ke Urals.

The égbè nke ezinụlọ eze

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Yakov Yurovsky ọ banyere dị ka onye ndú na otu n'ime ndị isi ndị na-egbu nke ikpe ogbugbu nke Tsar Nicholas II na ezinụlọ ya. Na July 1918, a họpụtara ya commandant nke Ipatiev ulo, ọ bụ mkpebi nke Ural Council n'abalị nke 16 nke July 17 ozugbo mere ogbugbu nke ogbugbu nke ezinụlọ eze.

E nwere a version na Yakov Yurovsky maka égbè bụ a pụrụ iche akwụkwọ, nke na-agụnye a ndepụta kpere n'ikpe. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị mere eme na-eme nnyocha na-egosi na ndị dị otú ahụ a akwụkwọ nyere n'oge ihe Austrian, a bụbu onye mkpọrọ nke agha IP Meyer na bipụtara na 1984 site E. E. Alferevym na United States, dịcha chepụtara na adịghị egosipụta nke a ndepụta ndị na-agbapụ.

ndụ mgbe a nwụsịrị

Mgbe July 25, 1918 na Ekaterinburg agụnye-acha ọcha, Yakov Yurovsky kwagara Moscow na ghọrọ onye òtù nke Moscow Cheka, nakwa dị ka isi nke district Cheka. Mgbe ha laghachiri Ekaterinburg Bolsheviks, a họpụtara ya onyeisi oche nke Ural GubChK. Jurowski biri fọrọ n'ihu firing home - na a ọgaranya mansion Agushevicha. Na 1921 e zigara ya gaba na Department of gold ka Gokhran iji "mee ka ụkpụrụ echekwara e na a ala nke liquidity."

Jekọb wee na-arụ ọrụ na mba ọzọ mgbanwe ochichi nke Foreign, ebe ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke ahia ngalaba, na na 1923, a họpụtara osote onye ntụzi nke osisi "Krasny Bogatyr". Malite site 1928, ọ rụrụ ọrụ Jurowski Director nke Moscow Polytechnic Museum. Ọ nwụrụ na 1938 si perforation nke duodenal ọnyá afọ (ukara na version).

Yakov Yurovsky: ụmụ

Na Yurovsky o nwere ezinụlọ buru ibu. Ya na nwunye ya, ha nyere nwa ụmụ atọ: a nwa Rima (1898), nwa Alexander (1904) na Eugene (1909). Ha bi comfortably, nọ na-ejere ya ozi. Na agụmakwụkwọ nke ụmụ ndị isi ezinụlọ, mgbe niile na-eje ozi, ọ bụghị karịsịa metụtara, ma na ihe banyere ihe a na-nditịm ufen. All nketa natara agụmakwụkwọ ka elu.

Yakov hụrụ n'anya nwa - magburu onwe nwa akwụkwọ, na nwa-haired mara mma. Ọ nyere ya a nwa nwa, Anatoly. Ma, o doro anya na, n'ezie, ụmụ ga-akwụ ụgwọ maka mmehie nke ndị nna nna. All na ụmụ ụmụ Yurovsky nke fateful ukem ini nwụrụ (onye gbara ọkụ, ọzọ nsí mushrooms, atọ kwubara, ọzọ we si n'elu ụlọ nke a wụsịrị), na ụmụ agbọghọ na-niile nwụrụ na nwa ọhụrụ. Toll nwa nwa, ndị m hụrụ nna nna nwụrụ dị nnọọ ụgbọala a ụgbọ ala.

Ọjọ egburu na Rima. Ya nnukwu Komsomol mmume, na 1935, e jidere ya ma ziga ya Karaganda mara ụlọikwuu maka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mkpọrọ. Ebe ọ na-eje ozi a okwu ruo mgbe 1946. Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1980.

Alexander bụ nwa N'azụ Admiral nke Navy. Na 1952, e repressed, ma n'oge na-adịghị, mgbe Stalin nwụrụ, a tọhapụrụ ya. Enye ama akpa ke 1986.

The tọrọ nwa a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ojii na Navy, Colonel. Ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 1977.

Ebe ọ na-eli Yakov Yurovsky

Lee n'efu n'ihi na ebe nke ili ozu nke odious "mgbanwe dike" na-ewu ewu mepere e liri ndị - Vagankovsky, Novodevichy ... N'ihi na ogologo oge na ọ bụghị mara ebe ili nke Yakova Yurovskogo. Dị ka ọ tụgharịa si, ozu ya kpọrọ ozu ya ọkụ, ma jiri nlezianya na zoro on na ntụ si prying anya na a akpan akpan ebe nke na-eli ozu - na spetskolumbarii on New Donskoy Ili Ozu na Moscow si mere district.

E nwere ihe àmà gosiri na nke a dị iche iche mausoleum-columbarium hazie ekele Paul Daugeh assertiveness - a ma ama na party so na mbụ Okike nke Orrick. Akwadebeghị ebe «VIP-eli ozu" na a mbụ chọọchị. Na Stalin ike ebe a na-etinye urns nwere ntụ nke na-akwanyere ùgwù mmadụ jisiri ike n'ụzọ ọrụ ebube agbanahụ jupụtara ada na nwụrụ a eke ọnwụ.

Ọtụtụ mkpụrụ ndụ dị ugbu a "na-amaghị aha" ka tightly walled na iko fogged si n'ime mgbidi na kpuchie opaque mkpuchi, nke na-adịghị ka ihe ọ bụla na-ahụ.

Ke omimi nke imewe na niche abụọ urns yiwere na-acha uhie uhie na nwa na-eru uju mpe mpe akwa, otú na-egosi na ọ dịghị e dere. Ọ na-anọgide Yurovsky na nwunye ya. Igbe gburugburu - a ole na ole wuru okooko osisi na a adịkwaghị ákwà - gburugburu anya na-eleghara anya, ọ bụ kwesiri ngosi na dumping nwere ghara iteghari ohuru.

Ọ bụ kwuru na ọkụ erases nile metụtara. Ma n'ihi regicide, onye foduru nọ spetskolumbarii, iwu a na-arụ ọrụ: ọ ga-esiteghị na-efu. N'oge ahụ, Yurovsky mere ihe niile na-ezo ezo ruo mgbe ebighị ebi na ozu nke onye eze nke ezinụlọ, ma ili ya na ọgwụgwụ e zonahụwo si ndị mmadụ. Kpụrụ dike Commissioner ugbu a ruo mgbe ebighị ebi ghọọ a pariah.